CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines use a dedicated computer to control most machine functions by executing programs stored in its memory. The main components of a CNC machine tool system are the input/output console, microprocessor-based control unit, memory, feedback unit, machine tool, and interfaces. CNC machines offer advantages like ease of program input and editing, multiple program storage, and automatic tool compensation but also have higher costs and require skilled operators.
Research Methodolgy & Intellectual Property Rights Series 1
ME 304 1.2,1.6.1.7.pptx
1. Introduction to CNC Machine Tools
• In CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines,
a dedicated computer is used to perform the
most of basic NC machine functions.
• CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine is a
NC machine which uses a dedicated computer as
the machine control unit.
• The entire program is entered and stored in
computer memory. The machining cycle for each
component is controlled by the program
contained in the computer memory.
• The stored part program listing can be used for
future production also.
Dr. Ramesh Parihar
2. Components of CNC machine tool
system
The main components of CNC machine tools are
as follows :
1. Input / Output Console.
2. Microprocessor Based control unit.
3. Memory.
4. Feedback unit.
5. Machine Tool.
6. Interfaces.
Dr. Ramesh Parihar
4. Advantages of CNC machine tools
• Ease of program input.
• Multiple program storage.
• Online part programming and editing.
• Use of advanced interpolation.
• Automatic tool compensation.
• Auto generation of part program for
• existing components.
• Change in system of units.
Dr. Ramesh Parihar
5. Limitations of CNC machine tools
• Higher investment cost.
• Higher maintenance cost.
• Requires skilled operators.
• High break down cost.
Dr. Ramesh Parihar
6. Applications of CNC machines
• Material removal industries
• Material Fabrication industries
• Aerospace industries
• Automotive industries
• For non-conventional machining industries
where the machining task is difficult to
perform manually
Dr. Ramesh Parihar
