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Composition Concepts & Guidelines
- 1. Composition The basic Conceptsrules of Composition.
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- 3. Composition is: • Amusical score • Something you write for English class • Organic substance used in farming • Arrangement of visual elements
- 4. Composition The word compositionmeans combining or putting together parts to form a whole. Composition can apply to many works of human endeavor, in fact anything that is arranged or ‘put together’ using conscious thought.
- 5. The modern camerais capable of many things • auto focus • auto exposure – select a suitable shutter speed or aperture • multitude of other functions
- 6. One thing nocamera can do • Compose the image – It has no idea what it is pointing at – it has no idea what you are trying to achieve
- 7. Good images resultfrom: • Careful attention to some basic elements of composition • Appropriate lighting • Interesting subject
- 8. No "right" wayto take a picture • Three photographers recording same scene may create equally appealing photographs with entirely different composition •"There are no rules for good photographs, there are only good photographs.“ - Ansel Adams
- 9. Important question toask • "What message do I want to deliver?" – it comes down to your ability to 'see' a picture or potential to create a picture • load of 'rules' and techniques – guidelines, not hard and fast "rules"
- 10. A novice canachieve good image using these guidelines • Point of Interest • Viewpoints • Rule of Thirds • Simplicity • Background • Space • Triangles • Lines • Balance • Symmetry • Pattern, Repetition and Texture Learning ‘rules’ about art can seem stifling or constricting – if all artists just follow a set of rules then their art would look very similar and become very boring! Many original artists break or ‘bend’ these rules, but to do so successfully they first had to fully understand the rules. So you need to learn the rules first before you can break them!
- 11. Point of Interest •Identify a primary point of interest • Compose to emphasize most important element
- 12. Viewpoint • Can changea picture dramatically – moving the camera up or down or – stepping to one side – find an "unusual" point of view
- 13. 3 basic waysto adjust viewpoint • Physically move objects relative to each other – Only really works with still life photography • Tell people to move relative to each other or other objects – Only works with people who can hear you
- 14. 3 basic waysto adjust viewpoint • Move – Usually the most effective way to control composition – easiest and yet most important • wander about and see if you can improve on your original composition by changing your viewpoint • much difference can had by walking a few feet
- 15. Viewpoint • Study thescene from various angles or perspectives: – High – Low – Straight on – Above • Which of these perspectives best helps the viewer understand your intentions?
- 16. Different Angles Low AngleHigh Angle © 2002 Evan DiLeo
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- 19. The Golden Ratioand The Fibonnacci sequence are mathematical equations that have attempted to understand the natural pattern of nature. These theories have been used by artists, architects, photographers, musicians and many others throughout history to achieve ‘beauty and balance’. 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, …… Rule of Thirds
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- 23. Landscape photography oftenuses the rule of thirds
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- 25. The saying 'lessis more' applies often in photography. Usually it is a good idea to get rid of elements and try to keep the composition simple.
- 26. Simplicity • Only thethings you want the viewer to see appear in the picture • numerous objects cluttering up the background - message lost • can’t find an angle or framing to isolate subject – consider using depth of field control to keep the background out of focus
- 27. What technique hasthe photographer used to simplify this image? Simplicity
- 28. Is this picture‘simplified’ ? If not, why not … and so what might the photographer Joel Meyerowitz be saying about life in the modern city?
- 29. Uncomplicated background • Beespecially aware of what is behind your subject – Forced Visual Relationships – does not compete with your subject – viewfinder to create a frame of reference—like the print’s edge – eliminate distracting backgrounds before you release the shutter
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- 31. Rule of space Spacecan help to create a sense of movement in images….
- 32. Space can alsoallow for a sense of peace in an image. This technique is often used in landscape photography – why?
- 33. Closely cropped or‘tight’ space is often used creatively in portraiture to convey a range of emotions…
- 34. Rule of Triangles Triangles have3 sides and tend to form stable, solid looking compositions. Arnold Newman Can you spot any triangles? Robert Capa
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- 36. Example of LinesLines
- 37. Lines Lines are found everywherein the world. Lines in a photo can be for example roads, rivers, a shore line and a horizon.
- 38. Lines can enhancecomposition and lead the eye through the picture. Different lines express different feelings.
- 39. Horizontal lines arecalm, vertical lines are strong and diagonal lines are dynamic.
- 41. Other types oflines are for example leading lines which lead the eye into the subject of the photo.
- 42. One of themost common and graceful lines used in composition is called the S curve.
- 43. Balance • Asymmetric orinformal balance – considered more pleasing than symmetric (formal) balance • placing the main subject off-center – balancing "weight" with other objects • smaller or lower impact – more dynamic and interesting composition
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- 46. Symmetry Symmetrical images, oftenby breaking the ‘rule of thirds’, can be dynamic images with great impact
- 47. Repetition, Pattern &Texture Ansel Adams: Silver Birch Trees
- 48. When something isrepeated, it can create a strong visual effect. Denise Scicluna
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- 52. Andreas Gursky PaulStrand Pattern can be used to suggest texture, or can produce an abstract visual experience.
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