5. 7 cutaneous nerve
3 small cutaneous arteries
Great saphenous vein with its tributaries
Superficial inguinal (lower lateral region of abs) lymph
nodes with lymphatics
Prepatellar and subcutaneous infrapatellar bursae in front of
knee joint
Superficial Fascia
9. 2. Three Cutaneous Arteries
(Derived from Femoral
Artery)
Superficial
epigastric
artery
Superficial
circumflex
iliac artery
Superficial
external
pudendal
artery
Even though this artery is branch of femoral
artery but it ends in great saphenous vein.
Superficial Fascia
11. • Begins in the dorsum of foot from medial end of dorsal
venous arch.
• Runs upward in front of medial malleolus, along medial
side of leg and behind knee.
• In thigh it incline forwards to reach saphenous
opening.
• It pierces cribriform fascia and opens into femoral
vein.
• The arteries receive tributaries from the 3 cutaneous
arteries.
3.GreatSaphenousVein
Superficial Fascia
12. SpecialtyofTheGreat
SaphenousVein
Connected to the deep vein
through perforating vein.
Blood flow only from
superficial to deep due to
valve in perforating vein.
The failure of the valve
make veins dilated &
tortuous (varicose veins).
Superficial Fascia
13. Arrangement is in T-shape
• Lower vertical group that place
along the upper part of the great
saphenous vein
• Upper horizontal group place just
below the inguinal ligament
Receive afferent lymphatics
from
• Skin and fascia of lower limb
(except the short saphenous
territory)
• Gluteal region
• anterior abdominal wall below the
umbilicus
• Perineum including the lower par t
of anal canal
• Female genitalia including vagina
below the hymen however it
excludes testis
• Uterine lymphatics from fundus
and body of the uterus
The lymph is sent to the
deep inguinal lymph nodes
4. Superficial
Inguinal Lymph
Node
Superficial Fascia
15. 5. Subcutaneous bursa
Superficial Fascia
Bursa is a closed
sac line with
synovial
membrane
containing synovial
fluid
Acts as lubricator
Structure content
is:
1. Prepatellar
bursa
2. Subcutaneous
infrapatellar bursa
19. 1) Fascia Lata
Fascia lata sends the intermuscular septa to the linea aspera
There are medial, posterior and lateral intermuscular septa
- Medial septum is thinner and form cribriform fascia over the
saphenous opening
- Lateral septum is thicker forming iliotibial tract
20.
21.
22. 2)
SAPHENOUS
OPENING
a. An oval gap
or aperture in
fascia lata.
b. Situated 4
cm below and
lateral to the
pubic
tubercle
c. The size is
3x1⅟2
d. Between
superficial
and deep
layers of
fascia lata
23. Superficial layer
• By its upper, lower and lateral margin form a sharp
edge called falciform margin of saphenous opening.
• This margin is adherent to anterior layer of femoral
sheath and attached by the cribriform fascia
Deep layer
• Medially continuous with superficial layer at its lower
margin
• It pass posterolaterally and disappear behind the
femoral sheath
• Attached at the pecten pubis
24. Cribriform fascia
A modified part of deep fascia that cover the
saphenous opening
This fascia is pierce by:
Great saphenous vein
Two superficial artery
Lymphatics
25.
26. • A 2 inches wide -
thickened band of
deep fascia located at
the lateral part of the
thigh.
• Superiorly attached
to the tubercle of
iliac crest
• Inferiorly attached
to the smooth facet
on anterior surface
of lateral tibial
condyle
• Superiorly tract split at the
greater trochanter of the
femur
The split will
receive an insertion
from the
• Superficial ¾ of
gluteus
maximus
posteriorly
• Tensor fasciae
latae anteriorly
• When these two
muscle contract
iliotibial tract
tightens and act
as splint for knee
• Functioning in
stabilizing the
pelvis on high
• Maintain the
extension of knee
when standing
30. Boundaries of Femoral Triangle
• Lateral
boundaries is
the medial
border of
sartorious
• Medial boundary is the
medial border of
adductor longus
• Base is the
inguinal
ligament
• Apex is the meeting point of
medial and lateral border
• Directed inferiorly
• Continuous below with the
adductor canal
31. Roof is made
up of:
• Skin
• Superficial
fascia
• Deep fascia
Base is made up of:
Medial;
• Adductor longus
• Pectinus
Lateral;
• Iliacus
• Tendon of psoas
major
32. Content of The Femoral Triangle
1 . Femoral artery and
its branches (3 deep and 3
superficial branches) 2. Femoral vein and
its tributaries :
Great saphenous
vein
Lateral and medial
circumflex veins
Those
corresponding to
deep branches of
femoral artery
3. Femoral sheath
enclosing upper 1 ½
inches of femoral
vessel
4. Deep inguinal
lymph node
5. Nerves :
Femoral nerve
Nerve to pectinus
Femoral branch of
genitofemoral
nerve
Lateral cutaneous
nerve of thigh
35. Explain the femoral sheath.
Is a downward
prolongation.
Located behind
inguinal
ligament .
Part of fascial
lining of
abdominal
cavity.
Surround upper
4cm of femoral
vessel.
Funnel shaped, its
lateral is vertical and
its medial wall is
oblique
36. Compartment and Contents
of Femoral Sheath
Two vertical anteroposterior septa divided the
sheath into three compartments.
a. Lateral (arterial)
compartments
contains femoral
artery and femoral
branch of
genitofemoral nerve
b. Intermediate
(venous) compartment
contain femoral vein
c. Medial (lymphatic)
is smallest of all
known as femoral
canal
37.
38.
39. Femoral Canal
(medial compartment of femoral sheath)
1. Conical in shape being wide
above and narrow below.
2. ½ inches wide
and ½ inches
long at the
base
3. Femoral ring is
base and
upper end of
femoral canal.
a. Oval in
shape
b. Boundaries:
Anteriorly is inguinal
ligament
Posteriorly is pecten of
pubis
Laterally is septum
separating it from
femoral vein
Medially is concave
margin of lacunar
ligament
40. Femoral canal larger in women because:
Greater breadth for female pelvis
Relative smaller size of femoral vessel in
females
Weakening of muscle in abdominal
walls in female (femoral hernia)
41. FunctionofCanal
To accommodate the distension
of femoral vein when venous
return is increase during
muscular activity (advantage)
Through which femoral hernia
will develop (disadvantage
42. Femoral Hernia
Femoral hernia is a
potential weakness
in abdominal wall
Course of
enlarging
hernial sac is
typical.
Omentum or intestinal loops
may protrude down through the
femoral ring :
1) First, it passes downwards
through femoral canal.
2) Then, forwards through
saphenous opening.
3) Finally, upwards along
superficial circumflex iliac vessels.
During manual reduction
of such a hernia, same
course must be followed
in a reverse direction.
