The stomach is a J-shaped muscular sac located in the upper abdomen between the esophagus and small intestine. It has four regions: the cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric part. The stomach is supplied by branches of the celiac artery and drains into the portal vein. Lymph from the stomach drains to nearby lymph nodes. The vagus and splanchnic nerves provide the main innervation to the stomach.

1. STOMACH ANATOMYByDr Mohammed FaezIMS

2. The stomachThe stomach is a dilated part of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine.It is a muscular sac. It is a J-shaped.

3. The stomachIt occupies the left upper quadrant, epigastric, and umbilical regions, and much of it lies under cover of the ribs.Stomach located at level of T10 and L3 vertebral.Position of the stomach varies with body habitués.

4. The stomachThe stomach is divided into four regions: The cardia, which surrounds the opening of the esophagus into the stomach.The fundus of stomach, which is the area above the level of the cardial orifice.The body of stomach, which is the largest region of the stomach.The pyloric part, which is divided into the pyloric antrum and pyloric canal and is the distal end of the stomach.

5. The Stomach

6. The stomachSurfacesAntero-superior Surface

7. Postero-inferior SurfaceThe stomachOpenings:Gastroesophageal: To esophagusPyloric: To duodenum

8. The stomachSphinctersThe cardiac sphincter (lower esophagus sphincter)closes off the top end of the stomach.

9. The pyloric sphincter closes off the bottom.The stomachOther features of the stomach include:The greater curvature, which is a point of attachment for the gastrosplenic ligament and the greater omentumThe lesser curvature, which is a point of attachment for the lesser omentum.

10. The stomachthe cardial notch, which is the superior angle created when the esophagus enters the stomach. the angular notch, which is a bend on the lesser curvature.

11. The stomachRead about:Lesser omentumGreater omentumLayers of peritoneum attached to the stomach:

12. Lesser omentum: attaches the liver to the lesser curvature.

13. Greater omentum: attaches the greater curvature to the posterior body wall.The stomach

14. Stomach Anatomical RelationAntero-superior SurfaceThe left half of this surface is in contact with the diaphragm, which separates it from the base of the left lung, the pericardium, and the seventh, eighth, and ninth ribs, and intercostal spaces of the left side. The right half is in relation with the left and quadrate lobes of the liver and with the anterior abdominal wall.

15. Stomach Anatomical RelationThe Postero-inferior Surface is in relation with the diaphragm, the spleen, the left suprarenal gland, the upper part of the front of the left kidney, the anterior surface of the pancreas, the left colic flexure, and the upper layer of the transverse mesocolon.These structures form a shallow bed, the stomach bed, on which the viscus rests.

16. Stomach Anatomical Relation

17. Stomach Anatomical Relation

18. Stomach Blood Supply Arterial blood supply:3 BranchesLeft Gastric ArterySupplies the cardia of the stomach and distal esophagusSplenic ArteryGives rise to 2 branches which help supply the greater curvature of the stomach Left GastroepiploicShort Gastric ArteriesCommon Hepatic or Proper Hepatic Artery2 major branchesRight Gastric- supples a portion of the lesser curvatureGastroduodenal artery -Gives rise to Right Gastroepiploic artery -helps supply greater curvature in conjunction with Left Gastroepiploic Artery

19. Stomach Blood Supply

20. Stomach Blood Supply

21. Stomach Venous DrainageVenous DrainageParallels arterial supplyRt &Lt gastric veins drain to the portalRtgastroepiploic drains to the SMV Lt gastroepiploic drains to the splenic

22. Stomach Venous Drainage

23. Stomach Lymphatic DrainageLymph from the proximal portion of the stomach drains along the lesser curvature first drains into superior gastric lymph nodes surrounding the Left Gastric Artery.Distal portion of lesser curvature drains through the suprapyloric nodes.

24. Stomach Lymphatic DrainageProximal portion of the greater curvature is supplied by the lymphatic vessels that traverse the pancreaticosplenic nodes.Antral portion of the greater curvature drains into the subpyloric and omental nodal groups.

25. Stomach Lymphatic Drainage

26. Stomach InnervationsThe main innervations are Left and Right Vagus Nerves.

27. Stomach InnervationsParasympathetic innervation of Stomach- Vagus Nerve90% of fiber in vagal trunk is afferent (info transmitting from stomach to CNS)Sympathetic innervation of Stomach- Splanchnic NerveDerived from spinal segement T5-T10

28. Stomach Innervations

29. Stomach Innervations