Production technology of root crops (Redish, Carrot)

1. O.P PARIHAR
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE LALSOT(DAUSA)
SKNAU
Production technology of root crops
(Redish, Carrot)

2. CARROT
B.N.- Daucus carota
Family- Umbeliferae
Ch. No.- 18
Origin – Southern western asia ( Afganisthan )

3. Climate-
(1) Optimum temperature for root formation- 18 to 22C
(2) And for asiatic type carrot – 25C
(3) For seed germination - 7.2 to 23.9 C
Soil-
(1) It can be grown on all type of soil , well drained , loose loamy soil.
(2) Soil Ph 6.6 to 7.1

4. Manure and fertilizer -
FYM: 20-30 T/ha
Nitrogen: 40-50 Kg/ha
Phosphorus: 40-50 Kg/ha
Potash: 80-100 Kg/ha
Seed rate-
The seed requirement is 5-7 kg/ha.

5. Sowing time-
Northern India :
(1) Plain- Asiatic type: Aug-Sept.
European type: Sept.-Dec.
(2) Hill- March to July
Southern India :
(1) Jan to Feb
(2) June to July
(3) Oct to Nov
Planting distance-
(1) Flat bed: 20-25×5 cm
(2) Ridge: 30-40×5 cm

6. Irrigation –
(1) Carrot require irrigation at frequent interval .
(2) Irrigation once a week has been found to be better.
Weed control –
(1) Weeds are a serious problem in carrot field.
(2) Application of 1.12 kg Propazine or 2.25 to 2.25 kg/ha
Amiben

7. Physiological disorder-
(1) Forking :
Cause: Presence of impediment
High N application
Undecomposed organic matter
Sympotem : Branching of top
Control: Preparation of soil into fine partical
Use of well decomposed OM
(2) Cavity spot :
Cause : Ca deficiency
Delay in harvesting
High P content in the soil
Control : Lime application
Early harvesting
(3) Splitting :
Cause : Due to genetic factor

8. Varieties-
(1) Asiatic variety:
Pusa kesar - Developed at IARI , New delhi
Local red × nantes in 1963
carotene content 7753 IU/100 g
Yield 300q/ha

9. Pusa meghali :
(1) Developed at IARI New delhi
(2) Pusa kesar×Nantes
(3) Carotene content : 11571 IU/100g
(4) Yield : 260-280 q / ha
Pusa yamdagni :
(1) Develop at IARI , New delhi
(2) Yield 120 q/ ha

10. (2) European varieties :
Nantes :
(1) Introduce by IARI, New delhi
(2) Maturity 110 to 120 days after sowing
(3) Yield 120 q/ha
Chantaney :
(1) Maturity 100 – 120 DAS
(2) Yield – 150 q/ ha

11. RADISH
B.N. – Raphanaus sativus
Family – Cruciferae
Ch. No. - 20
Origin – China

12. Varieties :
(1) Asiatic variety :
Pusa chetki :
(a) Developed at IARI, New delhi.
(b) Root colour – pure white.
(c) Yield – 250 to 350 q/ha.

13. Pusa rashmi :
(a) Develop at IARI , New delhi
(b) Root colour – white with green shoulder
(c) Yield – 250 to 300 q/ha
Pusa desi :
(a) Develop at IARI, New delhi.
(b) Root colour – white with green top

14. Pusa himani :
(a) Develop at IARI , New delhi.
(b) Root colour – pure white with whitish green
(c) Yield - 250 to 300 q/ha
Arka nishant :
(a) Develop at IIHR , Banglore
(b) Yield - 350 to 400 q/ha

15. (2) European varieties -
White icicle :
(a) Root shape – icicle
(b) Yield – 50 q/ha
(c) Suitable for sowing in kitchen garden
Japanese white :
(a) Roots 30-35 cm long.
(b) Maturity 60 – 65 DAS
(C) Yield – 350 to 400 q/ha

16. Climate –
(a) Suitable temperature for 10-40C
(b) For root growth 22-23C
(c) A long day as well as high temperature will result in bolting.
Soil :
(a) Loam soil best for cultivation .
(b) Soil ph 5.5 to 6.5

17. Manures and fertilizer :
FYM - 20 t /ha
N - 80 to 100kg / ha
P - 40 to 60 kg/ ha
K - 80 to 100 kg/ha
Sowing time :
Main season crop – Mid Sep. – early Oct.
Asiatic type : Aug. – Jan
North indian plain – European type : Sep- March
Hill - March to Oct.

18. Seed rate :
(a) Asiatic type : 8- 10kg/ha
(b) European type : 10-12 kg/ha
Showing distance :
Asiatic type : 30-45×5-8 cm
European type : 5-10 × 2-3 cm

19. Irrigation :
Crop has to be lightly irrigated immediately
after sowing and then once in 5 – 7 days interval.
Physiological disorder :
(1) Akashin :
Cause – High day and night temperature
B deficiency and low moisture

20. Pithiness :
Cause – High temperature
Excess application of N, P, K
Soil moisture stress
Hollow root wart :
Cause – High temperature during 16-30 days of sowing
Soil moisture stress
Brown heart :
Cause – Due to B deficiency

21. Reference :
(1) Vegetable science - Dr. D. SINGH
(2) Modern veg. varieties & production technology - Dr. D. K. SINGH

22. THANK YOU