Castor crop cultivation and cultural practices in Pakistan

2. Presentation On
Castor Crop
By: Adil Zia
Class No (618)
Semester 6th
Department Of Agronomy
The University Of Agriculture, Amir
Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan.

4. Castor

5. Genetic diversity

6. Genetic Diversity

7. Agenda Of Presentation
 History and origin
 Taxonomic classification
 Botanical description
 Locality and soil
 Cultural practices
 Toxicity of castor
 Uses of castor

8. History and origin
 Castor seed and oil have been use in India,
Egypt and other countries since ancient
time.
 Because of its widespread distribution it
has become a native plant in many region.
 However , Weiss (1971) concludes that
castor is indigenous to eastern Africa ,
most probably Ethiopia.

9. Taxonomic classification
 Kingdom Plantae
 Class Dicotlenonae
 order Euphorbiales
 Genus Ricinus
 Species Ricinus communis L.,

10. Botanical description
 Origin Ehtiopia
 Botanical name ricinus communis l.
 Family Euphorbiaceae
 Locally Arind or Arindi
 Seed oil 40-60%
 Toxic constituent racin and ricinine

11. Physical constituents
 Total ash 12.4 g
 Fiber 24.8 g
 Protein 10.3 g
 Fat 5.4 g
 Total CHO 57.4 g

12. Locality and soil For Castor

13. Locality and soil
 Drought tolerant and heavy rain.
 20-26c temperature and low humidity
 Too height or low temperature are not
good
 In pak mainly grown in sindh
 In kpk not a commercial crop
 ph range 5.0-6.5 up to 8

14. Seedbed preparation

15. Cultural practices
 Seedbed preparation
 require deep ploughing because tap rooted
crop to break up hard subsoil
 Good rain or heavy rainfall ploughed twice
or thrice and planked.
 Sowing time
 Irrigated area July is most suitable period for
sowing.
 Rain fed area July and august
 Punjab mid- July to mid-august

16. Manuring and fertilizer

17. Manuring and fertilizer
 Castor respond to fertilizer
 Arnon (1972) recommended 25-50kg N, 5o-
70 p,40-50k
 Seed rate and method of sowing
 12-15 kg seed per hectare
 Plant population 10,000-15,000 plants per
hectares be maintained
 with dibbling and kera method R-R 75 cm
and P-P 25-30cm
 Depth of seed more than 3.5 cm deep

18. Intercropping and rotation
 Castor is grown mixed with kharif crops
 Also grown as a border crop
 Avoid planting of forage crop after castor
 Irrigation
 In dry areas , castor is totally grown on
stored moisture
 In irrigated areas,4-6 irrigation are enough
until maturity.

19. Combine harvester

20. Harvesting and storage
 Castor produce spikes on sequential
branches at varying interval
 Main spike can be harvested within90-100
days
 The harvested spike are allowed tio dry in
the sun (6-8) days and then threshed ,
rubbing the capsule with a wooden planks.
 Not attacked by insects
 Oil content not reduced even after 3 year
of storage

21. yield prior to cleaning

22. Yield and cultivar
 Yield as high as 2500-3000 kg/ha and
500-800 kg/ha on irrigated and dry lands.
 A yield as high as 5000kg/ha under
irrigation has been reported (Arnon1972)
 In Pakistan the national average yield
remain in the range of 700-800kg/ha
 The average yield in Punjab is more than
1000kg/ha.

23. cultivars
 “DS-30 main cultivar in sindh
 “C-3” in punjab
 “DS-30” developed from “C-30” was
released in 1983
 This cultivar is grown both in the irrigated
and un irrigated areas

24. Insects pest and diseases
 The main insect pest of castor are :
 Semilooper
 Hairy caterpillar
 Capsule bore
 Controlled by dimecron (1200EC)
 Methyl parathion (50 EC)
 None of disease attacking castor are
serious.

25. Toxicity
 Castor seed contain 2.8-3% toxic
substances.
 2-20 seed of castor kill
 A man, 4 rabbit,5 sheeps,6 oxes,6 horses,7
pigs,11 dogs,80 ducks.
 1mg kill human
 cause abdominal pain, vomating,diarrhea
 Large dose during pregnancy cause
abortion.

26. Oh …. What is it…

27. USES OF CASTOR
 Castor oil is used for soap making.
 Castor oil is used as hair oil, growth and
dandruff.
 Lubricant activity.
 Flower are useful in glandular tumor ,
anal trouble.
 Biologically insecticidal activity e.g.,
biocide compound.
 Mosquitoes, flies.ant killed at 24 hrs.

28. Contin….
 Ingredient of soap, polishes and paints etc.
 As fuel for precision engine.
 As a fiber for making ropes from the stem.
 Fresh leaves used by nursing mother in
canary island.
 Leaves are useful in burn ( galactogogues)
 Anti-cancer activity
 ricin+monoclonal antibodies.