2. Constructivism
• The theory of constructivism is based on a type of learning in which the
learner forms, or constructs, much of what he or she learns or
comprehends.
• Theorists
– Jean Piaget
– Jerome Bruner
– Lev Vygotsky
– John Dewey
3. Jean Piaget
(1896-1980)
• Piaget believed that children did not need
motivation from adults to learn.
• That they learned as they moved through
different cognitive stages
• Piaget defined four cognitive stages,
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
operational and formal operational
4. Jerome Bruner
(1915 - )
• Believes that learners construct new ideas or
concepts based on current or past knowledge
• Constructivist learners are participatory
learners and are engaged in the learning
process
5. Lev Vygotsky
(1896-1934)
• Vygotsky believed that learning was
influenced by social development.
• He proposed the idea that kids have a zone of
proximal development
• He believed that teachers should discover the
level of each child’s social development and
build their learning experiences from that
point.
6. John Dewey
(1859-1952)
• He believed that learning should engage and
expand the experiences of the learners.
• Dewey was part of a movement in the early
1900s that was called progressive education.
• Progressive education focused on educating
the whole child, physically, mentally and
socially.
