2. First Aid is the provision of initial and immediate care
to an injured or ill person
3. Importance of first Aid
Prevent further harm
Prevent the condition from worsening
Preserve life
Promote early recovery
4. Contents of a First Aid Kit
Cotton wool
Adhesive tape
Crepe bandage
Sterile Dressing
Bandage
Thermometer
Scissors
Glove
Soap
Pain reliever
Antacid
ORS Packets
5. Before you provide first Aid
If the person responds, introduce yourself as a first aid
provider before you touch him. Ask if you may help
him.
If the person agrees, you may give first aid.
If the person refuses your help, phone your emergency
response number (or 1122)
and stay with him until someone with more advanced
training arrives and takes over.
If the person is confused or cannot answer, assume
that he would want you to help.
6. Action plan
Check for DANGER
To you
To others
To victim
Check RESPONSE
Is victim conscious?
7. - Check for AIRWAY
Is airway clear of objects?
Is airway open?
B - Check for BREATHING
Is chest rising and falling?
Can you hear victim's breathing?
Can you feel the breath on your cheek?
C - Check for CIRCULATION
Can you feel a pulse?
Can you see any obvious signs of life?
8. First Aid For cuts
For minor cuts :
Clean wound with water
Remove dirt/debris in the wound
Apply antibiotic ointment
Dress/ bandage the wound
Change dressing daily
Apply gentle pressure if bleeding persists.
9. Treatment For Deep Cuts
May require stitching
Requires Tetanus Toxoid (TT) if:
a. Cut is dirty or has debris
b. TT given 5 years ago
Consult a doctor in case of:
a. Delayed wound- healing
b. Pus Discharge
c. Fever
10. Bleeding
Bleeding is a loss of blood from the blood vessel
External bleeding
Internal bleeding
15. Internal Bleeding Management
•-lay the casualty down
•-raise the legs or bend the knees
•-loosen tight clothing
•-seek medical aid urgently
•-give nothing by mouth
•-reassure the casualt
17. Nose bleeding
Sit up straight with head slightly forward
Use your thumb and forefinger to firmly pinch the soft
part of nose
Pinch nose for 5 mints and observe
If bleeding does not stop Keep pinching for a full 10
minutes
Check to see if there is still bleeding after 10 minutes
Apply an ice pack to nose and cheeks
18.
19. Injury to Head and spine
A hard blow to the head, from a fall, knock or assault,
can injure the brain,
Symptoms
wounds, altered consciousness, clear fluid from the
eyes or nose, black eyes or bruises behind the ears,
vision changes, nausea and vomiting.
20. Concussion:
brief period of unconsciousness
Lie the person down, with their shoulders and head
slightly raised.
Control any bleeding.
Check for signs of serious head injury
If the injury occurred during sport, don’t allow the
person to ‘play
23. First Aid for Burns
Flush with cool water
Remove all burned clothing and jewelry
Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain.
If blisters form, don’t break them
Give fluids by mouth if the person’s airway is not impaired
Use an antibiotic ointment.
Do not use butter (it increases the risk of infection and
doesn’t help heal the burn).
Cover the burn with sterile, dry bandages.
Seek immediate medical care
24. Fracture
Always control severe bleeding before immobilizing any
fractures
Place sufficient padding to support fracture site
Immobilize fracture sites
Do not force bones back into the wound
Give proper padding before the patient is shifted to the
hospital
Apply ice pack on the affected area to reduce pain and
control swelling
25.
26. Sprain and strain
apply an icepack or cold pack for 10 to 15 minutes at a
time each hour.
Use an elastic bandage to prevent swelling and
support the joint.
Don’t wrap it too tightly.
If possible, elevate the injury above the level of the
heart to reduce swelling
27. First Aid for Bites and Stings from
Flying Insects
scrape or pick it off (stringer)
Avoid squeezing
A cold compress may reduce the swelling and ease the
pain.
painkiller such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
To prevent infection, wash the area with soap and
water.
Apply an antiseptic or an antibacterial ointment
28. First Aid for snake bite
immobilize the bite area
Remove constricting clothing or jewelry, clean the bite
with soap and water,
Cover the wound with loose, sterile bandage
Take the person to a hospital or clinic as soon as
possible.
29. don’t
Cut a bite wound
Attempt to suck out venom
Apply tourniquet, ice
31. Give 5 back blows. First, deliver five back blows
between the person's shoulder blades with the heel of
your hand.
Give 5 abdominal thrusts. Perform five abdominal
thrusts (also known as the Heimlich maneuver).
Alternate between 5 blows and 5 thrusts until the
blockage is dislodged.
32.
33. Fainting /unconsciousness
Help the person lie flat on the floor
If the person does not improve or stop responding
Call helpline or carry to hospital
34. Dog bite
Wipe the saliva away from the wound using a clean
cloth or handkerchief.
Wash the wound thoroughly with plenty of soap and
water.
Cover the wound with a dry, sterile dressing.
Get medical aid or send the patient to the hospital
as soon as possible.