first aid training material for public

1. First Aid Training
Dr. Bhuvaneswari M.B.B.S,
Factory Medical Officer

2. Always remember
First aid cannot
replace the
proper medical
treatment
Be safe
Arrange to shift
casualty to
nearest
hospital
Do not do if
you do not
know and don’t
hesitate to do
if you know.

3. Remember
• Do not panic or get emotional
• Avoid overcrowding

4. UNRESPONSIVE PATIENT

5. Airway , Breathing and Circulation
(ABC)

6. Airway
Airway – Head tilt & chin lift to open airway

7. Breathing

8. Circulation
By taking the same two finger and running them alongside the
outer edge of your trachea (windpipe) and muscle

9. Managing an unresponsive patient

10. Recovery position
To prevent suffocation
through obstruction of the
airway
Mechanical obstruction:
patient's own tongue fall to
the back creating an
obstruction.
Fluid obstruction: usually
vomit,

12. Managing an unresponsive patient

13. Breathing
Head tilt ,
Chin lift
Pinch the
nose
Seal the
mouth with
yours
If the first two
don’t go in, re-tilt
and give two
more breaths
Give 2 breaths

14. Chest Compressions

18. Bleeding

19. Bleeding – First Aid
Apply direct pressure on
wound using a clean
cloth
If bleeding continues, add
more cloth and pressure,
but do not remove the first
cloth
Elevate the wound above
the heart level while
applying pressure
Apply bandage

21. First Aid for Amputation

22. Amputation- Treat the patient first
Act quickly
Control bleeding on the
stump by applying
pressure with a clean cloth
Cover with a tight
bandage
Elevate the limb above the
heart if possible
Use a tourniquet if
bleeding is not controlled

24. Amputated part management
Cover amputated part
in a clean cloth/gauge
Cover it in a watertight
plastic bag
Put it in a water bag

26. Nose bleed – First Aid
Sit upright
and lean
forward
Pinch your
nose
Prevent re-bleeding
Don't pick or blow
your nose
Don't bend down for
several hours after
the bleeding episode.
Keep head higher
than the level of your
heart.
Consult a
medical
doctor

27. Broken bones/Fractures

28. Fractures
Watch for swelling
Identify any deformity
Look for broken skin by bone
Gauge pain level. Identify any
severe pain.
How to
identify
broken bones
• It difficult to tell
whether a bone is
broken, if it is not
displaced.

29. Don't move the person
except if necessary to avoid further injury
and while moving always give support
Don't try to realign the bone
or push a bone back in
Stop any bleeding

30. Immobilize the injured area..
Apply ice packs to limit swelling

31. BURNS

32. Minor burns
• let the water run over the burned area for as long as you can
• Remove jewelry

34. Major burns

36. • Remove any jewellery (Do not remove if it is stuck)

37. • Do NOT immerse large severe burns in cold water as this may
cause shock.
• Do NOT give food or water.
• Do NOT "pop" blister or disturb "dead" skin

38. CHEMICALSPLASH

41. SEIZURES

42. Seizures First Aid – To Do
Stay calm
Prevent injury - make sure there is
nothing within reach that could
harm the person if she struck it.
Pay attention to the length of the
seizure
Be sensitive and supportive, and
ask others to do the same
Keep onlookers away

43. Seizures First Aid – Not -To Do
Do not hold the person down
Do not put anything in the person's mouth
Do not give the person water, pills, or food until
fully alert

45. CHOKING

46. Choking - back blows
1. Give Back Blows
Give up to 5 blows between the shoulder blades
with the heel of your hand.

47. Choking- Abdominal thrusts
Stand behind the person
and wrap your arms around
the waist.
Place your clenched fist just
above the person’s navel.
Grab your fist with your other
hand.
Quickly pull inward and
upward.
Continue cycles of 5 back
blows and 5 abdominal
thrusts until the object is
coughed up or the person
starts to breathe or cough.
2. If Person Is Still Choking, Do Thrusts

49. Snake bite

50. Poisonous Snakes in India
Cobra
Common
Krait
Russel’s
viper
Saw scaled
viper

51. First Aid for Snake bite
Below mentioned first aid procedures are harmful
and should not be tried;
❶ Trying to remove poison from bite site
❷ Tying tourniquet to the limb,
❸ Giving medicines of any kind or folk remedies
❶ Keep the person calm
❷ Remove shoes, rings, watches, jewelry
& tight clothing from the bitten area
❸ Avoid movement of the victim’s bitten limb
❹ Move the victim to the hospital as early as possible

52. ELECTRIC SHOCK

53. Electric shock first aid
Stay 25 meter away if it is due to
high voltage
Do NOT touch the victim with your
bare hands
First step is to switch off the current
source
Stand on any non-conductive
material.
Move the source using a wooden
stick

54. Electric shock first aid
Attend to the victim Check
for breathing No breathing,
do CPR
If there is burn , fracture or
seizures give first aid
Refer to higher centers in
complicated cases

55. HEART
ATTACK

56. Cholesterol and CAD

57. Heart attack – First Aid
Lift him to reach the nearest hospital
as early as possible.
There is no household remedy for
heart attack.
Keep him in half sitting posture,
If the person is unconscious and no
circulation, start CPR

58. Eye injuries
Cuts of the eye and
lid
Apply minimal
pressure with
clean cloth &
Seek medical help
immediately.
Blows to the eye
Ice compress &
seek medical help
immediately
Chemical burns
Flood the eye with
water
immediately,.

59. Do not rub the eye
Shift the patient to the
health centre
Call 2235 for help
Wash with plain water
1 2
3 4

60. Call OHC - 2235
• Tell about the incident briefly
• Patient status
• Location of the incident

61. Do not do if you do not know and don’t
hesitate to do if you know.

62. THANK YOU