firstaider then

1. BASIC FIRST
AID

2. First Aid?
Is the immediate assistance or treatment
given to someone before the arrival of
medical staff/ ambulance

3. First Aid?
Qualities of a first aide:
~ Calm
~ Confident
~ Willing to offer assistance
whenever necessary
~ Patience

4. First A
Essential to protect yourself frominjury and
infection
a) Ensure surroundings are safe
b) Protectionfrominfection
- to prevent “crossinfection”
( transmitting germs to a casualtyor contracting
an infectionyourself)
- wear gloves or wash hands before doing a dressing.
Protecting yourself as a first aide

5. Aims of a first aide:
3 Ps:
3Ps
Preserve life
Prevent injuries/condition
from worsening
Promote recovery

6. Preserving life:
1) Control bleeding
2) Treat probablecause of shock
3) Maintain airway in correct position
4) PerformCPRwhen needed
(no breathing or pulse)

7. 3 Ps:
3Ps
3 Ps:
3Ps
3 Ps:
3Ps
1) Dress wound to prevent infection
2) Provide comfort to casualty
3) Place casualty in a comfortableposition
Prevent condition from
worsening:

8. 1) Relieve casualtyfromanxiety
2) Encourage confidence and trust
3) Attempt to relieve pain and discomfort
4) Handle casualty gently
5) Protect casualty fromcold and wet
Promote recovery:

9.  Ambulance:
 Police number:
 Fire Brigade:
Emergency Hotlines
999
998
997

10. Dubai Ambulance
Centre
Emergency First Aid
and CPR

11. This presentation is not
intended as a substitute for
professional medical care or
the Basic Life Support Training
- First Aid and CPR. All
employees must meet the
training requirements set forth
from Dubai Ambulance Centre.
NOTICE

12. EMERGENCY FIRST AID
If you are the first on the scene of accident that
results in an injury or serious illness, you may
be the only link between a victim and
emergency medical care. Your role is to take
action, whether by providing first aid, seeking
medical help or calling 999. Your actions may
improve the victims chance of recovery.
The following slides will provide specific
information from The American Safety & Health
Institute (ASHI) on basic first aid procedures.

13. BLEEDING
Apply direct pressure to
the wound (at this time a
direct pressure bandage
may be used)
Elevate (do not further
harm)
Pressure Point additional
pressure may be applied to
a pressure point to help
reduce bleeding.

14. FIRST AID FOR SPRAINS AND STRAINS
I-C-E
I - Ice, apply a cold
pack. Do not apply
ice directly to skin.
C - Compress, use
an elastic or
conforming wrap -
not too tight.
E - Elevate, above
heart level to control
internal bleeding.

15. CARE FOR DISLOCATIONS AND FRACTURES
I-A-C-T
I - Immobilize area. Use pillows,
jackets, blankets, etc. Stop any
movement by supporting injured area.
A - Activate Emergency Medical
Services (EMS), call 999.
C - Care for shock. See “Care for
Shock” slide.
T - Treat any additional secondary
injuries.

16. POISONING
Assess the scene for clues and
safety.
Get victim away from poison if
necessary.
Provide care for any life
threatening conditions.
Check Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS).
Notify medical staff or on-call
Doctor.
Call the Poison Control Center
and 999 when necessary.

17. Heat Exhaustion &
Heatstroke
Seek emergency medical
assistance immediately
If casualty is unconscious, place
them in the recovery position
Remove most of the casualties
clothing and sponge down the
body with a cool and wet cloth
Ice packs to the head, neck,
armpits, and groin to reduce the
casualties temperature.
Provide them with cool water to
sip if conscious and able.

18. Burns
and
Scalds

19. Causes:
burns – dry
heat
- fire
- hot objects
- electricity
scalds – wet
heat
- hot liquids
- steam
Burns and scalds

20. Burns and scalds
What you will see:
redness
swelling
blisters
charred skin.

21. remove any
jewellery
apply a sterile
dressing or cling film
treat the casualty for
shock if necessary
seek medical help if
necessary.
Cold running water 10
minutes minimum.
Burns and scalds
What you should do:

22. Burns and scalds

26. Hypothermia
Warm affected areas (warm water)
only as long as there is no
possibility of refreezing
Remove affected areas from water
when return to normal color
Do not rub frostbite or warm with
direct heat (fires)
Place gauze between the frostbite
fingers or toes, and bandage the
affected areas loosely
Seek medical help.

28. Some of the more common
symptoms or problems that one
might experience due to allergies include:
Runny nose
Burning, watery
eyes
Sinus congestion
Postnasal drip
Sore throat
Skin rash
(Nutritional Programs for Allergies, E.M. Haas, M.D., www.healthy.net/templates/article.asp.)
Ear infections
Chest congestion
Coughing
Headaches
Fatigue
Asthma
Runny nose
Burning, watery eyes
Sinus congestion
Postnasal drip
Sore throat
Skin rash

29. There are approaches
to handling allergy problems.
The first is to
avoid contact
with substances
that you are
allergic to, if you
know what they
are.

30. When you are
exposed to an
allergen (something
that you are allergic
to), one of the
symptoms is an
increase in heart
rate.
(Allergy Testing with the Caveman Diet & Pulse Test, P. Bate, PhD, www.alternate-health.com/pulse.)

31. The way to do this test is to take
your pulse, at rest, for one minute.
That is your “base” pulse.
(Allergy Testing with the Caveman Diet & Pulse Test, P. Bate, PhD, www.alternate-health.com/pulse.)

32. When you eat a food that is
suspect or are exposed to a
substance that is suspect, check your
pulse again in 15, 30 and 60 minutes.
If your heart rate accelerates more
than 10 beats per minute over your
base pulse, it indicates that you may
be allergic to that particular
substance.
(Allergy Testing with the Caveman Diet & Pulse Test, P. Bate, PhD, www.alternate-health.com/pulse.)

33. Another method
for handling
allergy problems
is to take
medications to
suppress your
allergy
symptoms.

35. Bee, Wasps, Scorpion & Ant
Stings
Remove the sting by scraping
sideways using blunt knife or
edge of card.
Place icepack on affected area
to reduce pain.
Apply pressure immobilisation
and seek urgent medical help.

36. Fish Spine (Stonefish, Stingray)
Control severe bleeding
Immerse wound in hot water
around 45° to reduce pain for
around 30-39 minutes. Repeat
if need be.
Apply ice pack if hot water
doesn’t relieve pain.
Treat for shock
Clean wound by scrubbing with
soap
Apply local antiseptics
Get medical advice.

37. Common Sea Creatures (Jellyfish and fish)
Immobilise and reassure casualty
and monitor closely.
Do not rub sting area
If casualties breathing or
conscious is impaired, pains
develop or if sting area increases,
seek urgent medical help.
Apply cold pack to reduce pain.
Don’t wash sting area with water
- Pour vinegar over sting area.

38. CARE FOR SHOCK
 Keep the victim laying down
(if possible).
 Elevate legs 10-12 inches…
unless you suspect a spinal
injury or broken bones.
 Cover the victim to maintain
body temperature.
 Provide the victim with
plenty of fresh air.
 If victim begins to vomit -
place them on their left side.
 Call 999.

39. CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
CPR ABC’s
AIRWAY - Open the
airway with the tilt-
chin method.
Breath - give two
breaths.
Check circulation.
 If there is no pulse or
breathing…..(next slide)

40. CPR Continued
… Perform chest compressions.
30 compressions and two breaths.
Count = 1&2&3&4&5…&30
Call 999.

41. RESCUE BREATHING
1 breath every 5 seconds - 12 per
minute.
Compressions : ventilations = 30:2

42. REMEMBER!!!
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS:
The routine use of appropriate
barrier precautions to prevent skin
and mucous membrane exposure
when contact with blood or other
body fluids of any individual may
occur or is anticipated.
Universal Precautions apply to
blood and to all other body fluids
with potential for spreading any
infections.

43. THE END
Division of Youth Corrections
Office of Quality Assurance