House plumbing, Drainage system, Building finishes and Thermal insulation

1. CE 200: Details of Construction
Topic:
House plumbing, Drainage system, Building finishes and Thermal insulation

2. House Plumbing
• Water supply plumbing
• Drainage plumbing
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3. Objectives
Water Supply:
• Provide enough water
• No backflow
Waste Disposal:
• Adequate size of drainage
system
• Heigenic
• Includes liquid seal traps
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4. Objectives
Up Feed
• Underground water
tank
• Pressure/mechanical
Energy
Down feed
• Overhead water tank
• Gravitational energy
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5. Components
Pipes
Fixtures
Taps/valves
Water Tanks
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6. Plumbing Joints
Elbow Joint
U trap joint
Tee joint
End caps
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7. Common Plumbing Problems
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• Chemical corrosion
• Broken pipes while threading
• Water leakage

8. Drainage System
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9. Drainage System
• Sanitary Drainage
System
• Strom Water Drainage
System
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10. Sanitary Drainage System
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Essential Component
• House Sewer
• House drain
• Soil ,Waste ,Vent stacks
• Fixtures branches ans branch Vents
• Fixture traps
• Fixtures

11. House Drain
House Sewer
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12. Vent stacks
Fixtures Branches
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13. Strom Drainage System
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14. Plumbing Fixtures
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Lavatory Kitchen sink Toilet bowl Bathtub

15. Fixture Trap
Fixtures Branches
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16. Building finishes
Building finishes comprise of plastering, pointing,
painting, varnishing, white and colour washing or
distempering.
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17. Building finishes
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Plastering Ponting Varnishing Coloring

18. Plastering
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Plastering is defined as the process of protecting walls and ceilings from deterioration with the use of
plasters.

19. Purpose of Plastering
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They are specially prepared for two reasons .
For Protection For Decoration
In addition, Plastering makes the rough surfaces of the walls smooth also covers rough edges and uneven surfaces, thus
increasing durability and strengthening walls.
Difficult to Repair When plaster cracks due to shifting foundations or a strong blow to the wall, repairing the problem is
tricky. Damaged plaster must be cut and scraped out without damaging the intact wall material.

20. Types of Plastering
• Lime Plaster
Traditional used to cover the
surface of internal walls and
ceilings
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• Cement Plaster
Mainly used for
external rendering
• Stucco Plaster
Used in decorative work ,
excellent finishing
• Mud Plaster
Used in villages and other
temporary structures.

21. Parametric Analysis of Different Types of Plastering Materials
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6.53
8.26
15.74
16.73
11.71
14.38
3 DAYS 7 DAYS
COMPARISON OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Natural Sand Crused Sand Ready Mix

22. Exterior Surface
Interior Surface
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23. Pointing
The construction term pointing refers to the
finishing of mortar joints in masonry, be it stone
or brick.
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24. Purpose of Pointing
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The pointing work not only protects the mortar joints from the adverse effect of the atmosphere but also
improves the appearance of the wall by proving the pattern of the joint, their thickness, colors, and texture
prominently.
In the case of externally exposed masonry work joint is considered as the weakest and most vulnerable spots
from which rainwater or dampness can enter.

25. Importance of Pointing
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• Its Helps to seal the voids
or space.
• Its gives strong Bond.
• Regular Maintenance is
reduced.

26. Types of Pointing
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27. Plastering & Ponting Tools

28. White wash
• White wash is prepared from fat lime. The
lime is slaked at the site and mixed and
stirred with about five liters of water for 1
kg of unslaked lime to make a thin cream.
This should be allowed to stand for a
period of 24 hours
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29. Purpose of white wash
1.For coloring
2.Protect brick work from moisture
3.Removing germs
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30. Varnish
Varnish is a lear, pale
solution of a resinous
substance dissolve in
either oil , turpentine or
alcohol. Varnish is
applied on unpainted
and other woodwork.
• Oil Varnish
• Spar Varnish
• Flat Varnish
• Spirit Varnish
• Asphalt Varnish
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31. Thermal Insulation
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• Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer
between objects in thermal contact or in range of
radiative influence. The insulating capability of a
material is measured as the inverse
of thermal conductivity.

32. The purposes of thermal insulation
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• All materials conduct. Thermal insulation is used to
prevent excessive heat loss. In a house, it is used to
minimize the amount of heating and fuel needed
to heat it up or to keep it at temperature, and also means
you need a smaller boiler.

33. 33
• 1: Prevent the transmission of heat from exterior
building walls which capture the heat energy from the
sun.
• 2: Prevent the escape of hot or cool air from the interior
rooms to the outside.
The advantages of thermal insulation

34. Types of thermal insulation
Slab or block insulation
Blanket insulation
Loose fill insulation
Bat insulating materials
Insulating boards
Reflective sheet materials
Lightweight materials
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35. Loose Fills
• These are fibrous materials like rock wool, slag
wool, glass wool, cellulose or wood fibre wool.
They are loosely placed into the required space
for heat insulation purposes.
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36. Reflecting Sheet Materials
• These materials primarily depend on their
surface characteristics for their heat resistant
properties. They are used usually along with
the air spaces so that the reflecting insulating
surface is exposed. These reflective insulations
consist of sheet or gypsum boards, steel sheet
reflecting materials, aluminium foils, etc.
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37. Insulating Boards
• These boards, available in
different sizes and
thicknesses, are used for
the interior lining of walls
and thicknesses, are used
for the interior lining of
walls and roofs and for
partitions.
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38. Block or Slab Insulators
• Block or slab insulators are small rigid small
units of 2.5 cm thickness and sizes 60 cm × 120
cm are available. These boards are made out of
cork boards, cellular glass blocks, rubber blocks,
mineral wood slabs or wood fibreboards
together with cement.
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39.  https://dreamcivil.com/pointing/
 https://dalton-roofing.com/the-importance-of-pointing/
 https://ijirt.org/master/publishedpaper/IJIRT150245_PAPER.pdf
 https://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/plastering-work-procedure
 https://www.seniorcare2share.com/what-is-the-purpose-of-plastering/
Reference