Plastering type-
lime
cement
Gypsum
Plaster of paris(application)
Pointing-
Purpose & type
Morter-
preperation and type
Painting and vernishes
Type and application
White washing
Detempering
Oil paint
Wall cladding-
Material and method
Wall prepering
Glazing work
the presentation is about types of paints and their properties and their uses in our daily life.it also contains some about how to design your ppt presentation.and how to save it from becoming vague or boring.
paints, types of paint, classification of paints, uses of paints, composition of paints, manufacturing procedure of paints, advantages and disadvantages of different types of paint
Paint is any pigmented liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. it is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects.
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACESjagrutib22
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACES - principal types of coating, Paints - function, purpose, properties, classification, components of paints, different types of paints, why do we need different types of paints, manufacturing procedure, surface preparation for exterior and interior surfaces, defects in paints, cost and everything about paints.
These coatings retard the spread of flames and reduce heat penetration through intumescent technologies. Flame Control Flame Retardant coatings should be applied when it is necessary or desirous to reduce the flammability of combustible surfaces.
the presentation is about types of paints and their properties and their uses in our daily life.it also contains some about how to design your ppt presentation.and how to save it from becoming vague or boring.
paints, types of paint, classification of paints, uses of paints, composition of paints, manufacturing procedure of paints, advantages and disadvantages of different types of paint
Paint is any pigmented liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. it is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects.
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACESjagrutib22
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACES - principal types of coating, Paints - function, purpose, properties, classification, components of paints, different types of paints, why do we need different types of paints, manufacturing procedure, surface preparation for exterior and interior surfaces, defects in paints, cost and everything about paints.
These coatings retard the spread of flames and reduce heat penetration through intumescent technologies. Flame Control Flame Retardant coatings should be applied when it is necessary or desirous to reduce the flammability of combustible surfaces.
What is pointing?
Scope of pointing
Method of pointing
What is plastering?
Objective of plastering
Lime plaster
Cement plaster
Gypsum plaster (plaster of Paris)
Water proof plaster of Mortar
Heat resistant plasters
Defects in plastering
1.Stretcher bond
2.Header bond
3.English bond and
4.Flemish bond.
The power point presentation is all about plaster of paris (pop) and its information, its basic introduction, manufacture, types, advantages, disadvantages, tools, application, finishing, defects, market forms and its market rate.
Plastering is the process of covering rough surfaces and uneven surfaces with a plastic material, called plaster or mortar to obtain an even , smooth , regular , clean & durable surface.
Popular as Building material.
Material with adhesive and cohesive properties.
To bind the fine and corse aggregate together.
Common variety of cement is known as the Portland cement.
India is the fifth largest producer of cement in the world.
Rajasthan is the second largest producer of cement in india after Andra Pradesh.
Concrete, Cement, Raw Material of Cement, Types, Water, Aggregates, Sand, Mix...Naqeeb Khan Niazi
Concrete is an engineering material that simulates the properties of rock and is a combination of particles closely bound together. It is simply a blend of aggregates, normally natural sand and gravel or crushed rock.
Cement is a dry powdery substance made by calcining lime and clay, mixed with water to form mortar or mixed with sand, gravel and water to make concrete. It is a binder material. Once hardened, cement delivers sufficient strength to erect large industrial structures
Cement is manufactured through a closely controlled chemical combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and other ingredients. Common materials used to manufacture cement include limestone, shells, and chalk or marl combined with shale, clay, slate, blast furnace slag, silica sand, and iron ore.
Sand a loose granular material that results from the disintegration of rocks, consists of particles smaller than gravel but coarser than silt, and is used in mortar, glass, abrasives, and foundry molds. : soil containing 85 percent or more of sand and a maximum of 10 percent of clay.
Concrete, Cement
Raw Material of Cement, Types
Water, Aggregates, Sand
Mixing of concrete
Transportation, Rate Analysis
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
2. Plastering type-
lime
cement
Gypsum
Plaster of paris(application)
Pointing-
Purpose & type
Morter-
preperation and type
Painting and vernishes
Type and application
3. White washing
Detempering
Oil paint
Wall cladding-
Material and method
Wall prepering
Glazing work
4. When lime is used as the binding materials, it is
called lime plaster.
Lime plaster is type of plaster
composed of hydrated lime, sand and
water. Lime plaster is similar to Lime
mortar, the main difference is the based on
use rather than composition. Hydraulic
lime is harder and stronger .Mortar for lime
plaster is usually prepared by mixing sand
and lime in equal proportions. Cement is
small quantity added to the mixture to
improve its strength.
5.
6. When cement is used as the binding
materials, it is called cement plaster.
It is especially suited for damp condition.
Cement plaster is usually applied in one coat.
The thickness of coat can be 12mm, 15mm or
20mm depending upon the site conditions and
type of building. When the thickness of plaster is
more than 15mm. 6 MM thickness of cement
plaster and cement mortar 1:3 or 1:4 is
recommended for cement plastering on RCC
surfaces
7.
8. This plaster is made from a mixture of lime
and gypsum.
It is found in layer form.This layer is usually
huge in size which make it suitable for any
ceiling situation.
It have good sound insulation and air proof
but tend to broken or crack.
9.
10. If plaster or gypsum is heated above 266 °F
(130 °C), anhydrite is formed, which will also
re-form as gypsum if mixed with water. A
largegypsum deposit at Montmartre in Paris
led "calcined gypsum"
(roastedgypsum or gypsum plaster) to be
commonly known as "plaster of Paris".
11. 1. At high temperatures gypsum loses all the
water of crystallization to give anhydrous
calsium sulphate.
2. It is used in manufacture of H2SO4.
3. It is used in making of cement.
4. It is used in the preparation of moulds
used In surgery and castings.
POP was used in the immediate management
of Open fractures until the evolution of
external fixator. It has also been used in the
management of neuropathic joints and
diabetic ulcers
12. It is used in the correction of deformities like
fixed flexion deformity of the knee.
Plaster of Paris is used in postoperative
immobilisation and also in the management
of some amputees. Casting over stumps has
allowed immediate rehabilitation using
prosthesis
13. Finishing of mortar joints in masonry.
In exposed masonry joints are weakest
parts.
Pointing consists of raking of joints to a
depth of 10 to 20 mm
14. 1. Flush Pointing
2. Keyed or grooved pointing
3.Recessed pointing
4. Weathered Pointing
5. V pointing or bucket handle
6. Beaded pointing
7. Tuck pointing
8. Struck pointing
15. • Mortars are usually named according to the
binding material used in their preparation.
• They are essentially required for masonry
work, plastering and pointing etc.
FUNCTIONS OF MORTAR:
• To bind together the bricks or stones properly
so as to provide strength to the structure.
• To form a homogenous mass of the structure
so as to resist all the loads coming over it
without disintegration.
16. •To provide a weather resisting i.e., a durable layer
between the different courses of masonry in the
structure.
•To hold coarse aggregate together in any concrete
so as to form a solid mass. The mortar used in a
concrete is termed as matrix.
•To do pointing and plastering to the structure.
The mortar used for plastering is known as plaster.
•To fill up empty joints in brick and stone masonry.
The mortar used for such purposes is a thin liquid
mortar which is termed as grout and the process is
known as grouting.
17. • The sands and the cement have to be
thoroughly mixed by hand or in a
mechanical mixer before adding any
water - do not use dirty water, or water
from puddles or ponds, as this could
impair the final strength of the mortar.
• Similarly, keep any sugar-containing
liquids, such as soft drinks, well away
from the mix - sugar, even in small
amounts, seriously impairs the setting
ability of the cement
18. •When mixing by hand, the sands and cement are
heaped up on a mixing board or in a wheelbarrow and
repeatedly turned over and over until thoroughly
mixed.
•The color of the dry mix will change as the cement is
distributed throughout - there should be no 'streaking'
of cement, and no clumps of pure sand or pure
cement.
•Once the dry ingredients are mixed, the water can
be added.
Mortar for Wide Joints
2 x Building Sand plus
2 x Grit Sand plus
1 x cement
19. •If any additives are being used, such as a plasticizer or
a frost-proofer, they are normally added to the water,
and then mixed in, rather than being directly added to
the dry ingredients.
•A "well" is formed in the centre of the mixed heap,
water added to it and then folded in.
• More water is added a bit at a time and folded in
until the required consistency is attained.
•This should be when the mortar is thoroughly mixed
but is able to stand in peaks, like whipped cream; too
wet and it just makes a mess, too dry and it's almost
impossible to work.
20. •When using a mechanical mixer, add half a
bucket (2 or 3 liters) of clean cold water to
the empty drum before adding the dry
ingredients in sequence.
• Add 4 measures of sand then 1 of cement,
followed by 4 sand, then another cement and
so on until the required quantity is in the
mixer.
•This ensures a more thorough mix than
adding, say, 20 measures of sand and then 5
measures of cement.
•Again, the water is added to the revolving
drum once the dry ingredients are thoroughly
blended, a bit at a time until the required
consistency is achieved.
.
21. Cement mortar:
Lime mortar:
Light weight mortar:
Fire resistant mortar:
Mud mortar:
For wide joints in paving or for stonework, either
as paving or as walling, a coarser mortar is often
preferred - replace half of the building/soft sand
with grit/sharp sand. You will probably find that a
coarse mortar such as this requires less gauging
water to achieve a working consistency than does
a bricklaying/general purpose mortar
22. Paints
Paints are used to protect metals, timber,
or plastered surfaces from the corrosive
effects of weather, heat, moisture or
gases etc and to improve their
appearance
24. There are a number of ways to judge paint
quality:
Wear ability
Covering ability
Ease of cleaning
Protection of the substrate
Environmentally Friendly
Aesthetic
Practical and Cost Effective
26. Fading:
●The gradual loss of color is known as fading.
This may be due to the effect of sun rays.
Flaking or Peeling
●Due to the poor adhesion, paint may peel off
from the surface.
Blistering:
●This is caused by water vapour, which is
trapped behind the painted surface. It may occur
due to imperfect seasoning of timber.
27. A transparent solution of resinous
substance in linseed oil, turpentine or in
alcohol is called varnish
28. ●It should dry rapidly.
●It should form a hard film on drying.
●It should not crack on drying.
●It should be durable and weather
resistant.
●It should give uniform and pleasing
appearance.
●It should not hide the natural grains of the
inner surface of timber
29. Cladding is an exterior finishing system
meant to protect the underlying structure
(like a home) and provide an aesthetically
appealing finish.
How long it lasts depends on the type of
cladding, but most cladding systems are
quite durable and last up to 50 years.