The purpose of this presentation is to aware people that vitamins are as necessary as our health for animals because the healthy animals mean the healthy human population. So, we should have a deep eye on animal health because animals are the secondary producers of food for human and a good source of quality protein.

2. UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
FAISALABAD

3.  Participants
MUHAMMAD AHSAN YASEEN 2012-AG-2086
M. ZOHAIB ARSHAD 2012-AG-2204
M. USMAN ARIF 2012-AG-2219
SUBMITTED TO: SIR UMAR YAQOOB
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
BSC(HONS.) ANIMAL SCIENCES
INSTITUTE OF ANIMALAND DAIRY SCIENCES
CONTACT DETAILS
mahsanyaseen9@gmail.com
00923086659332

4. Nutritional Diseases Caused By
Vitamins Deficiencies

5. WHAT IS VITAMIN?
 A vitamin is an organic compound and an essential nutrient that an organism requires in
limited amounts.
 An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the
organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained
through the diet; thus, the term vitamin is conditional upon the circumstances and the
particular organism.
 For example, ascorbic acid (one form of vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for
most other animals. Vitamin D is essential only for people who do not have adequate skin
exposure to sunlight, as ultraviolet light promotes synthesis in skin cells.
 Supplementation is important for the treatment of certain health problems , but there is little
evidence of nutritional benefit when used by otherwise healthy people.

6. NUTRITIONAL DISEASES CAUSED BY
VITAMINS DEFICIENCIES
VITAMINS DEFICIENCY
Vitamin deficiency occurs when there is
insufficient or poor dietary intake of
essential vitamins. Inadequate levels of
vitamins may result in an array of
miserable conditions and make the body
feeble and vulnerable to many diseases

7. NUTRITIONAL
DISEASES
CAUSED BY
VITAMINS
DEFICIENCIES
VITAMIN A
IMPORTANCE
• MAINTENANCE
• GROWTH
• REPRODUCTION
SO IF NO VIT.A
ANIMAL WILL STOP
GROWING AND MAY
DIE.

8. DEFICIENCY
DISORDERS
1)Eye problems
Watery eyes
Night blindness
Crusty material in the nostrils & eyelids
2) Reduced egg production & hatchability

9. Vitamin D
Importance
• Bone formation
• CHO metabolism
• Absorption of Ca &
P from small intestine

10. A VIEW OF
NUTRIENT
DEFICIENT
BIRD

11. DEFICIENCY DISORDERS OF VIT.D
• Soft egg shell • Rickets
• Osteomalacia
(softening of bones due
to deficiency of vit.D or
Ca) Beak & claws
become soft and pliable
• Hypocalcaemia
• EOD (endochondral
ossification defect)
Bone deformation,
fractures & lameness

12. SOME OTHER IMPORTANT SIGNS
 D. Symptoms of vitamin deficiency include:
 1. Slow or poor growth
 2. Poor reproduction
 3. decreased production of meat or eggs
 4. anorexia
 5. edema
 6. skin, feather problems
 7. decreased appetite and diarrhea

13. Vitamin E
Importance and
deficiency
• Muscle structure
• Reproduction
Deficiency
• Encephalomalacia (crazy chick disease) Cerebral softening of brain ataxia
, disequilibrium, falling on back, twisted neck
• Muscular dystrophy Rare in poultry but become severe if both vit . E &
sulphur amino acids are deficient in diet

14. Signs of
Encephalo
malacia

15. Vitamin K Importance
• Blood clotting
01
• Activation of
prothrombin to create Ca
binding sites. Deficiency •
Reduces prothrombin
content of blood
02
• Blood coagulation time
increases
03
• Hemorrhage In severe
deficiency subcutaneous
& internal hemorrhage
which can be fatal.
04

16. Vitamin B-Complex B1-Thiamine
Importance
 • Conversion of pyruvate to acetate
 • CHO metabolism
Deficiency
 • Polyneuritis (muscle paralysis)
 • Adrenal gland hypertrophy that results in tissue edema (particularly in skin)
 • Atrophy of genital organs
 • Inadequate thiamin to the breeder flock will result in high mortality of embryos
prior to hatch & chicks that hatch express polyneuritis This is because that hen
transfer thiamin to the egg in proportion to dietary content.

17. VITAMIN B-2 RIBOFLAVIN
IMPORTANCE AND DEFICIENCY
• CHO & protein metabolism
• Most likely to be deficient in swine & poultry
• • Decreased growth rate
• • Lower feed efficiency
• • Curled toe paralysis
Deficiency

18. NIACIN IMPORTANCE
• Energy
metabolism
• Enhance
protein synthesis
Deficiency • Dermatitis (poor feathering)
• Severe metabolic disorder in skin & digestive organs
• Leg problems
• Black tongue (rare in poultry)

19. Vitamin B-6 Pyridoxine Importance
 • Protein metabolism
 • RBC formation
Deficiency
• Retarded growth
 • Dermatitis
 • Epileptic like convulsions
 • Anemia & partial alopecia

20. PENTOTHENIC ACID IMPORTANCE
 • Metabolic role in forming vit.A
Deficiency
 • Poor feathering
 • Conjunctivitis
 • Subcutaneous hemorrhage & severe edema

21. BIOTIN IMPORTANCE
 • CHO & fat metabolism
Deficiency
 • Poor growth
 • Dermatitis & cracks in feet
 • Hair loss

22. FOLIC ACID
• Synthesis of hemoglobin
• Related to B-12
metabolism •
Deficiency
diseases are almost same
as biotin(reduced growth
& poor feathering etc)

23. VITAMIN B-12
 • Synthesis of hemoglobin along with folic acid
Deficiency
 causes nervous disorders,
 poor feathering & leg weakness.
Vitamin C
 • Poultry are able to synthesize vit.c
 • So no need for supplementation But the synthesis may be slow down due to some
1)Stress condition
 2)Extreme temperature
 3)Vaccination So this stress induced deficiency of vit.c may cause’’Field rickets’’ in
poultry

24. CONCLUSION
Vitamin deficiency can be
both mild and deadly in
effect. It is always a better
option to incorporate a
routine healthy eating
regimen to avoid
deficiencies of any of the
essential vitamins.
Among all the key
vitamins that play some
role for the well-being of
human health, vitamin B-
complex and vitamin D are
critical.
Make sure you are getting
enough of them and look
for supplements if your
levels are not improving
with a planned diet.