It helps to get an idea about future Biodegradable food packaging. It focuses on the need of the future to reduce plastic pollution. This presentation contains the current scenario and future trends.

1. Discussion On
Edible
Food Packaging
Presented by
Shweta Kanhere Banait
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2. Agenda:
Objectives
Why we need edible food Packaging(EFP)?
EFP
Advantages
Drawbacks
Challenges
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3. Need of FP
● Protect food from external contamination.
● Long lasting
● Easy to transport
● Easy to handle
● Decreases food waste
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4. Objectives
● Need for future food
● An introduction to edible packaging and their uses.
● Need of edible packaging in our day to day life.
● An Overview on application of Edible films & coatings in food
industry.
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5. Why do we need edible packaging?
● U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says that every year 1.6 million
metric tons of packaging waste is dumped into landfills in U.S.
● Packaging waste is app.30% of municipal waste by weight, 13% is due to
plastic material which is not bio-degradable.
● This dumped packaging includes mainly plastics which reduces moisture
and Oxygen transfer rate of soil and deteriorates the quality of land
● Plastics are non-biodegradable and they are the biggest threats to
environment in present world
• Edible package can be the solution to these environmental issues.
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6. Plastic age
● Every year, marine plastic pollution kills
1 million seabirds, and 100,000 marine
mammals and turtles.
● The world is getting plastified,
little by little.
● In a recent study, researchers from
Newcastle University say that only
0.01 of plastic waste is on the surface,
and 99.99% (393 million tons of plastic)
is hidden deep in the world’s oceans.
Source: Google 6

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8. Source: https://www.loliware.com
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9. What is an Edible Packaging?
An edible film or coating is simply defined as a thin continuous
layer of edible material formed on, placed on, or between the foods
or food components. The package is an integral part of the food,
which can be eaten as a part of the whole food product.
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10. Material used for EFP
The edible films can be obtained from
 protein,
 polysaccharide and
 lipid substances.
Most attractive are the edible protein-based films.
Limitation: Poor stability of the protein films to water vapor and
their low mechanical strength.
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11. Material used for EFP
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12. Material used for EFP
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13. Material used for EFP
The edible films can be obtained from
 protein,
 polysaccharide and
 lipid substances.
Most attractive are the edible protein-based films.
Limitation: Poor stability of the protein films to water vapor and
their low mechanical strength.
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16. 2-Different forms
1. Edible coating :
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17. 2 Edible films :
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18. Methods of Coating
● Dipping
● Dripping
● Foaming
● Fluidized-bed coating
● Panning
● Spraying
● Electrostatic coating
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19. Mechanism of film formation
● Simple co-acervation:
hydrocolloid dispersed in water is precipitated or undergoes a phase change
after solvent evaporation (drying), after addition of hydro soluble
nonelectrolyte in which the hydrocolloid is insoluble.
● Complex co-acervation:
Two hydrocolloid solutions with opposite electron charges are mixed & thus
causing interaction & precipitation of the polymer complex.
● Gelation or thermal coagulation:
Heating of macromolecules leads to its denaturation followed by gelation or
precipitation or even cooling of hydrocolloid dispersion causes gelation. 19

20. Advantages of edible films
Environment friendly, as fully consumed or biodegradable, recyclable.
Reduce the waste & solid disposal problem.
Enhances organoleptic properties like color, sweetness etc
Enhances nutritional values by supplementation
Individual packaging is possible for fruits like strawberry.
Film can be used as interface between the layers of heterogeneous foods
to prevent deterioration
Film can work as carrier anti microbial or antioxidant agents
Film can be used as micro encapsulation of flavoring agents
Film can be multi layer, where innermost is edible.
Reduce the cost of utilizing by-products. 20

21. Requirements to consideration
● Edible coatings should have an acceptable colour,odour,
taste,flavour & texture.
● Edible coatings should be undetectable
● It must adhere to the food, but not stick to the packaging
materials.
● It should melt in mouth, but not in hands.
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22. Some well knows products
Mushroom packaging
Ecovative‘s innovative mushroom packaging solution .
● Mushroom packaging is a biomaterial made from fungal mycelium and
materials left over from harvesting grain .
● Mushroom packaging has the potential to give us all the benefits of
plastic with none of the detriments.
● We’re looking forward to a world filled with mushroom wrappers, and
using them to compost, too.
Source: https://youtu.be/zw2O1PhrzA0?t=89
https://ecovativedesign.com/ 22

23. Some well knows products
The Edible Cup
Loliware created a biodegradable and edible cup.
● The cup, made from agar or seaweed extract.
● Comes with different flavors like yogurt, cherry, and grapefruit.
“SINGLE-USE PLASTICS SHOULD NEVER LAST FOREVER.
THEY SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO DISAPPEAR™"
Source: https://www.loliware.com/
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24. Spooning with Sorghum
● Made from rice, wheat, and sorghum, these spoons
are vegan-friendly and biodegradable.
● Sorghum was selected for its hardy and resilient qualities. For one, it
can grow in depleted soils and arid environments.
● The spoons don’t get soggy in soup
● Gluten-free flour.
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25. Ring Leader
● Who doesn’t like a beer after a long
workday
● To combat this, the Saltwater
Brewery developed a circular process by
reutilizing natural by-products of beer
production to create edible ring holders
made from wheat and barley.
Source: https://saltwaterbrewery.com
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26. Casein Point
● The milk protein casein could be used to develop biodegradable and edible
alternates to plastic film like Saranwrap.
● However, concerns over potential allergies and expansion of the dairy
industry make this a contentious product.
● Casein is a family of related phosphoproteins
Packaging : Meat, Chees, Ice-cream , Pasta etc
Source:https://www.scjohnson.com
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27. Bottle it up
● Skipping Rocks Lab has developed an answer to the 38 billion plastic
water bottles that are thrown away annually in the U.S. alone.
● Ooho containers are made from biodegradable seaweed and calcium
chloride and the package looks more like a silicone implant.
● we can burst the baggy open and consume guilt-free.
Video
Source: http://www.oohowater.com
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28. WikiCells
In 2012, David Edwards launched WikiCells, an edible packaging for foods and liquids.
● It is a biodegradable, film-like membrane that carries different foodstuffs in small
amounts. It claims to be an alternative to plastic and a totally ‘green’ way to transport
and consume food.
● It mimic an eggshell and are made of charged polymers and
food particles that can be filled with many things like orange
juice, wine, or chocolate.
Source :http://davidideas.com/details/wikicells
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29. ● Products like WikiCell ice cream, yogurt and juice are available though a WikiBar, a
setting that allows the public to sample and experiment with edible wrapping.
● Vending machine for the home that would allow people to design their own WikiCell
packaging, say choosing a soda with a caramel skin in the size of a grape.
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30. Drawbacks of Edible Packaging
• The edible wraps would not be used alone where unsanitary conditions
during food handling can occur
• They would be used to wrap foods inside a secondary synthetic package
during food distribution and storage
•The new wraps are more expensive than synthetic packages. However,
developers believe the nutritional and environmental advantages will justify
the increased cost
•Development of off flavour.
•Poor mechanical properties.
“Each coin have two sides”
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31. Safety & Health issues
• An edible film to be used in food should be generally recognized as safe
(GRAS) by the FDA.
• The material cannot be demonstrated to be GRAS, then manufacturer must
submit a food additive petition to the FDA.
• There should be a declaration about the type of edible materials some
individuals are allergic to certain polymers.
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32. Commercialization Challenges
● Edible packaging has found limited applications in the industry.
● The high cost of film-forming biopolymers compared to synthetic packaging
materials
● The need for effective, economical, and microbiologically safe methods for
applying edible coatings on meat products on an industrial scale
● The poor barrier properties of most polysaccharide- and protein-based
edible films at high relative humidity environments
● The possibility for adverse organoleptic effects introduced by edible coatings
and
● The dietary allergies and intolerances associated with various protein film-
formers.
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33. Key market players
Key players in the global edible packaging market include Regeno Bio-Bags,
Tomorrow Machine, Evoware, Nagase America, JRF Technology, Avani,
Tipa Corp.,Monosol LLC, Wikicell Designs, Notpla Ltd., Amtrex Nature
Care Pvt. Ltd, DevroPlc., EnviGreen Biotech Pvt. Ltd., Coolhaus, Dental
Development Systems LLC,Ecoactive, Apeel Sciences, Do Eat, Mantrose
UK Ltd., and Lactips.
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34. Conclusion
It is very useful in our day to day life
It is also the best option to protect our environment
by substituting it with Polyethylene
However, further researches are
required to be done
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38. References:
1. Bourtoom T. (2009) Review Article. Edible protein films: properties enhancement. International Food Research
Journal, Vol. 16, p. 1–9.
2. Bruno M. (2008) Engineering Properties of Edible Transglutaminase Cross - Linked Caseinate - Based
Films. Food and Biopr. Tech., Vol. 1, p. 393–404.
3. Buonocore G. G. et al., (2003). Modeling the lysozyme release kinetics from antimicrobial films intended for
food packaging applications. Journal of Food Science, Vol. 68(4), p. 1365–1370.
4. Chambi H. (2006) Edible films produced with gelatin and casein cross - linked with transglutaminase. Journal of
Food Research International, Vol. 39, p. 466.
5. Chung D. et al. (2001). Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by slow release of propyl paraben from a
polymer coating. Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 64(9), p. 1420–1424.
6. http://www.oohowater.com/category/ooho-biodegradable/
7. https://saltwaterbrewery.com/
8. Article “Global Edible Packaging Market foreseen to cross USD 1 billion by 2025” by Abhishek Shukla
9. https://edgy.app/edible-food-packaging-products
10.https://www.designboom.com/technology/skipping-rocks-lab-ooho-edible-water-bottle-04-12-
2017/#:~:text=ooho%21%20is%20a%20bubble%20designed%20by%20skipping%20rocks,liquids%20such%20as%20
soft%20drinks%2C%20spirits%20and%20cosmetics.
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