Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a technique of basic & advanced life support for purpose of oxygenating the brain & heart until appropriate definitive medical treatment can restore normal heart & Ventilatory action. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life saving technique used to restore life of the people.

1. CARDIOPULMONARY
RESUSCITATION
(CPR)
-Mr. Migron Rubin

2. Introduction
 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life saving technique used to restore life of the people. The word
“resuscitate” means “to revive”. (back to normal function)
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

3. Definition
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a systematic approach to life support &
consists of artificial respiration & manual external cardiac massage.

4. Purpose
 The main purpose of CPR is to restore cardiopulmonary functioning.
 To prevent irreversible brain damage from anoxia.
INDICATIONS
 The indications of CPR are as follows:-
 Person whose respiration & blood circulation have suddenly & unexpectedly stopped.
 Other indication includes ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia & asystole.

5. TYPES OF CPR
Basic Life Support Advance cardiovascular life support
(BLS) (ACLS)

6. PRINCIPLE OF CPR
Principle of CPR is changed from Airway, Breathing & Circulation (ABC) to CAB:
 Chest Compression
 Airway
 Breathing

7. EQUIPMENTS
 BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
Respiratory aid Automated External Defibrillator

8.  ACLS

9. PPE-Gloves, gown , mask & cap &, suction catheter, Suction machine, ECG,
Adrenaline 1 mg, Amiodrone 300 mg etc.
I.V. fluids- Glucose, D.N.S., Ringer lactate

10. Assessment of client
 Determine that client is unconscious (Verbal / Non verbal signs)
Shake the client & shout Presence of respiration Assess carotid pulse
 Are you OK?

11. Procedure
 Preparation of the patient
 Remove unnecessary crowd so that procedure can be performed.
 Shift the client on a hard surface or a hard board
 Remove the upper clothing which covers patient’s chest rise.
 Remove the pillow under the patient’s neck.
 Tilt the head & neck.

12.  Activate emergency medical services & call for help.
 Place the client in supine position on a hard surface or a hard board.
 Kneel down(if patient is at the floor)
 If pulse is present & respiration is absent, then support with rescue breathing, once every 5-
6 seconds.
 Avoid hyperventilation.
 If client is pulseless, start decompression

13.  Place the middle finger on the notch & index finger on the lower end of the notch.
 Place the heel of other hand along the lower half of sternum, next to index fingers.
 Remove first hand from the notch & place heel of that hand parallel over the hand on the
chest. Interlock fingers keeping them off client’s chest.
 Lock elbow, maintain arms straight & shoulders directly over hands on sternum.
 Compress chest atleast 5 cm (2 inches)

14.  Perform 30 external cardiac compressions.
 Compress chest about 100 times per minute.
 Ventilate lungs with 2 ventilations ( breaths )
 Reassess the victim after 5 cycles ( 30 compressions, 2 ventilations each cycle)
Compression-Ventilation Ratio is 30:2

15.  IN ACLS, For artificial respiration with AMBU bag, compress the bag fully for 2 breaths.
 Observe for rise & fall of chest wall with each respiration.
 Suction secretions from airway.
 If person has not begun moving after 5 cycles then automated external defibrillator (AED) is used.
 Apply AED & follow the prompts.
 Reassess for carotid pulse.
 If still no pulse is there resume compressions & follow AED prompts.

16. NOTE
 If you are untrained in CPR. Then
provide hands only CPR.
 Switch rescuer’s position every 2
minutes so that rescuer may not
exhausted early.
 If AED alert to provide Electric
current in between compression
then stop compression & clear so
that current can be delivered. Then
again compression can be

18.  AFTER PROCEDURE CARE-
 Continuous vigilance must be ensured by a skilled person for 48-72
 Monitor ECG, blood pressure and CVP.
 Check the oral cavity or jaw position as his/her tongue may fail and
obstruct the airway.
 Temperature is taken every hourly.
 Record the procedure in nurse’s records.

19.  Complication
 Complication of CPR includes fracture of ribs & gastric insufflations.

20. Evaluation
 In restoration of cardiopulmonary function, the signs are,
 Contraction of pupils
 Improved colour
 Change in quality of pulse
 Free movements of chest wall and no restriction of muscle over intercostal space.
 Return of systemic blood pressure
 Struggling movements
 Respiration rhythm, rate & depth are normal.
 Temperature in normal limits.
 No brain damage.

21. Summary
 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a technique of basic life support for
purpose of oxygenating the brain & heart until appropriate definitive
medical treatment can restore normal heart & Ventilatory action.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life saving technique used to restore
life of the people.

22. THANKYOU