Evolution Vocab Review

11/28/18 Vocab Review: Evolution 1
EvolutionEvolution
Vocabulary ReviewVocabulary Review

Genetically coded traits
that occur in organisms
and enable them to be
more successful in
their environment

Adaptation
Genetically coded traits
that occur in organisms
and enable them to be
more successful in
their environment

When species diversity
occurs in a relatively
short time.

Adaptive radiation
When species diversity
occurs in a relatively
short time.

More primitive
characteristic that appeared
in common ancestors.

Ancestral Trait
More primitive
characteristic that appeared
in common ancestors.

Darwin's term for the
selective breeding of
organisms selected for
certain traits.

Artificial selection
Darwin's term for the
selective breeding of
organisms selected for
certain traits.

Variety of organisms,
their genetic
information in the
communities they live.

Biodiversity
Variety of organisms,
their genetic
information in the
communities they live.

Study of the
distribution of plants
and animals (or living
organisms) on earth.

Biogeography
Study of the
distribution of plants
and animals (or living
organisms) on earth.

Unrelated species may
independently evolve
superficial similarities
because of their
adaptations to similar
environments.

Convergent evolution
Unrelated species may
independently evolve
superficial similarities
because of their
adaptations to similar
environments.

A new feature that had
not appeared in
common ancestors.

Derived Trait
A new feature that had
not appeared in
common ancestors.

Changes from one
phenotypic property to
a new one.

Directional selection
Changes from one
phenotypic property to
a new one.

Disappearance of forms
that are considered
intermediate between
several extreme
variants.

Disruptive selection
Disappearance of forms
that are considered
intermediate between
several extreme
variants.

Variety of habitats,
living communities and
ecological process.

Ecosystem diversity
Variety of habitats,
living communities and
ecological process.

Hereditary changes in
groups of organisms
over time.

Evolution
Hereditary changes in
groups of organisms
over time.

Permanent loss of a
species.

Extinction
Permanent loss of a
species.

Relative reproductive
efficiency of various
individuals or
genotypes in a
population.

Fitness
Relative reproductive
efficiency of various
individuals or
genotypes in a
population.

an animal or plant, or a
part of one, that lived
many thousands of
years ago and is
preserved in rock or as
a piece of rock

Fossil
an animal or plant, or a
part of one, that lived
many thousands of
years ago and is
preserved in rock or as
a piece of rock

All different forms of
genetic information
carried by all living
organisms.

Genetic Diversity
All different forms of
genetic information
carried by all living
organisms.

Random changes in
allelic frequencies in a
population.

Genetic Drift
Random changes in
allelic frequencies in a
population.

When physical barriers
cause populations to
divide and prevent from
interbreeding.

Geographic Isolation
When physical barriers
cause populations to
divide and prevent from
interbreeding.

Proteins that have
changed very slowly
and are shared by many
species.

Molecular clocks
Proteins that have
changed very slowly
and are shared by many
species.

Mechanism that explains
changes in a population that
occur when organisms with
favorable variations for that
particular environment
survive.

Natural Selection
Mechanism that explains
changes in a population that
occur when organisms with
favorable variations for that
particular environment
survive.

Maintaining organism's
genetic makeup in an
environment.

Normalizing selection
environment.

Mathematical
description of genetic
phenomena to trace
evolutionary trends in a
population.

Population genetics
Mathematical
description of genetic
phenomena to trace
evolutionary trends in a
population.

When speciation
occurs quickly in rapid
bursts, with long
periods of stability.

Punctuated equilibrium
When speciation
occurs quickly in rapid
bursts, with long
periods of stability.

Use of radioactive
isotopes to determine
the age of fossils.

Radioisotope dating
Use of radioactive
isotopes to determine
the age of fossils.

Determining the age of
rock layers and
matching it with fossils.

Relative dating
Determining the age of
rock layers and
matching it with fossils.

Geographic isolation of
members of same
species preventing
interbreeding.

Reproductive isolation
Geographic isolation of
members of same
species preventing
interbreeding.

Evolution of new
species that occurs due
to change in gene flow
in populations.

Speciation
Evolution of new
species that occurs due
to change in gene flow
in populations.

Vast number of
different organisms on
earth.

Species diversity
Vast number of
different organisms on
earth.

environment.

Stabilizing Selection
environment.

Reduced form of a
functional structure
that indicates shared
ancestry.

Vestigial Structure
Reduced form of a
functional structure
that indicates shared
ancestry.

Evolution Vocab Review

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