2. “VISUAL SYMBOLS WILL BE MADE
MEANINGFUL IF WE CAN USE THEM AS
SUMMARIES OF OUR OWN DIRECT
EXPERIENCES OR OUR OWN RICH
INDIRECT EXPERIENCES… A LITTLE
CAN STAND FOR A LOT!”
5. 1. DRAWINGS
may not be the real thing but it is better to have
a concrete visual aid than nothing.
it is good that our drawing correctly represents
the real thing to avoid confusion.
6.
7. 2. CARTOONS
tells a story metaphorically, a perfect
cartoon needs no caption. The lesser the artist
depends on words, the more effective the
symbolism.
8.
9. 3. STRIP DRAWINGS
commonly called comics or comic strips, these tell of very
short stories with pictures. These can serve as motivation and
starter for the lesson.
10.
11. 4. DIAGRAM
any line drawing that shows arrangement and relations as
of parts to the whole, relative values, origins and
development, chronological fluctuations, distribution and
many more.” (Dale, 1969)
17. FISHBONE DIAGRAM
also called cause-and-effect diagram, it is a structured form
of brainstorming that graphically shows the relationship of
possible causes to identify effect or solution
25. FLOW CHART
a visual way of charting or showing a process from beginning
to end, this is a means of analyzing a process. This involves
outlining every step in a process.
37. PIE OR CIRCLE GRAPH
this type of graph is circle in form and is recommended to
show parts of a whole.
38.
39. BAR GRAPH
this type of graph is used in comparing the magnitude of
similar items at different ties or seeing relative sizes of the
parts of the whole.
40. PICTOGRAPH
this makes use of symbols or pictures which
serves as representations of an amount or a
number. The symbol or picture used is called a
LEGEND.
41.
42.
43. GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
graphics that help in the organization of the content or the
subject matter therefore making it easier to understand
44.
45. 7. MAPS
this is “a representation of the surface of the earth or some
part of it…” (Dale, 1969)
53. POLITICAL MAP
this map shows detailed information about countries,
provinces, cities and towns and roads and highways. It also
features oceans, rivers and lakes.
59. GEOGRAPHIC GRIDS
the entire system of these grids are called GRID LINES
which are of two kinds:
meridian – a north to south pole line
parallel – lines drawn around a globe with all points
along each line with an equal distance from the pole
60. OTHER MEASUREMENTS
LONGITUDE – the distance in degrees of any place east
or west of the prime meridian
LATITUDE – the distance in degrees of any place north or
south of the equator