This document outlines a 7 step logical and systematic approach to decision making for nursing leaders. It discusses how emotions and past experiences can influence decision making but that relying solely on emotions is not sufficient. The 7 steps include: 1) identifying the nature of the decision, 2) gathering relevant information, 3) identifying alternatives, 4) weighing the evidence, 5) choosing among alternatives, 6) taking action, and 7) reviewing the decision and consequences. Effective health systems require good decisions across six building blocks: health services, workforce, information, products/vaccines, financing, and leadership/governance.

1. STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
AN INTRODUCTIONTO A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR NURSING LEADERS
Presented by:
Maria Menelyn Therese T. Gastardo, BSN, RN, DIHcip
General Nursing Supervisor

2. ”Decision making is the process of making choices
by identifying a decision, gathering information, and
assessing alternative solutions.”
- University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth -

3. FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DECISION MAKING
¡ Past Experiences
¡ Escalation of Commitment and Sunk Outcomes
¡ Cognitive Biases
¡ Individual Differences
¡ Belief in Personal Relevance
¡ Emotions

4. THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN DECISION MAKING
¡ linked to EQ (emotional quotient or emotional intelligence)
¡ the capability of individuals to recognize their own and other people's emotions
¡ use emotional information to guide thinking and behavior
¡ manage and/or adjust emotions to adapt to environments
or achieve one's goal(s)

5. However, to arrive at a good decision,
we cannot just rely entirely on emotions,
we need to engage our logical side.

6. Logic
is a proper or reasonable way of thinking
or understanding something
- Merriam-Webster -

7. Logical decision making means that
one very clearly understands the problem at hand
before collecting and then analyzing the
appropriate data to make decisions.

8. LOGICAL AND SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO
DECISION MAKING
• HELPS THE LEADER OR MANAGER ADDRESS THE CRITICAL ELEMENTS THAT RESULT IN GOOD
DECISION MAKING
• ONE IS LESS LIKELY TO MISS IMPORTANT FACTORS
• ONE CAN BUILD ONTHE APPROACH TO MAKE CURRENT DECISION AND FUTURE DECISIONS BETTER
AND BETTER

9. 7 Steps to Logical Decision Making

10. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 1
Identify the nature
of the decision

11. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 2
Gather relevant information

12. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 3
Identify alternatives

13. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 4
Weigh the evidence(s)

14. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 5
Choose among alternatives

15. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 6
Take action

16. 7 STEPS TO LOGICAL DECISION MAKING
Step 7
Review your decision
and its consequences

17. THE SIX BUILDING BLOCKS OF AN EFFECTIVE
HEALTH SYSTEM
ITSVITAL ROLE TO NURSING LEADERS’ DECISION MAKING PROCESS

18. Health systems are complex entities comprising
all the organizations, institutions and resources
that are devoted to producing health activities.
-World Health Organization (2000) -

19. THE SIX BUILDING BLOCKS OF AN EFFECTIVE HEALTH SYSTEM
¡ Health Services
¡ Health Workforce
¡ Health Information
¡ Medical Products ,Vaccines, andTechnologies
¡ Health Financing
¡ Leadership and Governance

20. "Making a logical decision is a
very important life skill and to
treat it as a skill can make a big
difference in the quality of
one's life."
- Ralph Keeney -

22. References:
1. Dietrich, C. (2010). Decision Making: Factors that Influence Decision Making, Heuristics Used, and Decision Outcomes. Inquiries Journal: Social Sciences,Arts, & Humanities, 2(2), 1-3. Retrieved
14 May 2017 from URL http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/180/decision-making-factors-that-influence-decision-making-heuristics-used-and-decision-outcomes
2. Exforsys (2011). Factors and Components of Decision Making. Retrieved 14 May 2017 from URL http://www.exforsys.com/career-center/decision-making/decision-making-factors-and-
components.html
3. Management and Study Guide (2017). Decision Making. Retrieved 14 May 2017 from URL http://www.managementstudyguide.com/corporate-india-has-to-get-ready-for-a-wave-of-defaults.htm
4. University of Massachusetts Dartmouth (2017). 7 Steps to Effective Decision Making. Retrieved 14 May 2017 from URL http://www.umassd.edu/fycm/decisionmaking/process/
5. WHO (2007). Strengthening Health Systems to Improve Health Outcomes. Retrieved 15 May 2017 from URL http://www.who.int/healthsystems/strategy/everybodys_business.pdf?ua=1
6. Wikipedia (2017). Emotional Intelligence. Retrieved 14 May 2017 from URL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotional_intelligence
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