The document discusses different ways to express wishes in English using "wish" and "if only". It provides examples of wishing for change, different present and past situations, and regrets about the past. Some key uses include: - "Wish" and "if only" to express a wish. - "Subject + would + bare infinitive" to express a polite request or a desire for something to happen/stop happening. - Past simple/continuous for wishing a present situation was different. - Past perfect for expressing regret about something that did/didn't happen in the past.

1. Wishes

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3. Wishes
 To express a wish we can use wish and if only.
 If only has the same meaning as wish, only it is more emphatic/dramatic.
 With the subject pronoun I both forms were / was can be used in the if-
clause.

4. Wishing for change
• To express:
– a polite imperative,
– and a desire for things to happen or stop happening because
they annoy us
we use the structure subject + would + bare infinitive.
I wish you would stop spreading rumours.
If only it would be sunny on my birthday, we could go swimming!
Human, if only you
would feed me, I
could go and take
a nap.

5. Wishing for change
• To express:
– a polite imperative,
– and a desire for things to happen or
stop happening because they annoy
us
we use the structure subject + would +
bare infinitive.
However, we can’t use wish + would
for a wish about yourself.
I wish I would stop being so lazy!

6. Let’s complete ex. A on
page 141.

7. Wishing different present situations
• To say that we would like something to be different about a present
situation, we use the past simple or the past continuous.
I wish I was/were 10 years old (but I’m not).
If only I were travelling with you and not alone! It would be much
more fun.

8. Wishing different past situations
• To express regret about something which happened or didn’t happen in
the past, we use the past perfect.
I wish I had saved more money during my twenties (but I didn’t).
If only I hadn’t been so harsh to her! We could still be friends. (but I
was)

9. Regrets
• What do people
consider to be mistakes
of their youth?

10. Regrets
• Imagine the main character in the
clip is 70 today and looking back at
his teenage years.
Use if only and wish

12. Write a wish for each of the following sentences, like
in the example
• You want to buy a new car, but you haven’t got any
money.
• I wish I had enough money (to buy a new car).

13. Write a wish for each of the following sentences, like
in the example
• You didn’t follow your friend’s sensible advice.
• I wish I’d followed my friend’s advice.

14. Write a wish for each of the following sentences, like
in the example
• You lost your lecture notes.
• I wish I hadn’t lost my lecture notes.

15. Write a wish for each of the following sentences, like
in the example
• You want to ask a friend to help you, but he’s out of the
country.
• I wish my friend wasn’t out of the country.