3. DEFINITION
• Counselling is a helping process where one person purposefully gives his/her
time, attention and skills to assist a client in exploring the situation,
identifying and acting upon the solutions within the limitation of their given
environment.
4.
5. It is believed that guidance and counselling is as old as human existence
and is found in each area and domain of human functioning (personal,
professional, social, cultural and spiritual).
Counselling is needed when people seek assistance to function
optimally, both personally and professionally.
6. Some of the most essential characteristics of counselling are as follows:
7. 1. Continuous process:
Starting in childhood and continuing through adolescence, adulthood and
old age.
It is a dynamic process that helps individual understand themselves and use
their capacities, interests and other abilities to a maximum.
Individuals continue to struggle for adjustment in different life situations
to develop their capacity for effective decision making.
8. 2. Process of mutual interaction:
It is a process of mutual interaction where a trained person helps another
person who needs his help for a general or specific problem.
3. Definite purpose oriented process:
It is a well-planned, purpose oriented process where two individuals, the
person who is offering counselling and the person who is receiving
counselling, interact keeping in mind the specific purpose to be achieved.
9. 4. Self realization and self-direction:
During the process of counselling, individuals are assisted in a way such
that they are able to develop their capacities to the maximum extent.
It helps individual become familiar with their real self.
5. Individual assistance:
Guidance and counselling is a process of assisting individuals identify
where to go,
what to do, and
how to do, to accomplish their goals.
An individual’s personal development is promoted through guidance and
counselling.
10. 6. Related with life events:
The process of counselling is related with life events as individuals get both
formal and informal counselling in their lifetime.
7. Meant for everyone:
All individuals need counselling to reach their maximum potential.
8. Helpful in adjustment:
Counselling helps individuals adjust in different life situations.
11. 9. Need-based activity:
Counselling is centred on the needs and aspirations of students.
It empowers individual to discover their natural strengths so that they can
use them to their best advantage making the maximum out of life.
10. Assistance to solve problems:
It involves more than offering assistance in finding a solution to an
immediate problem.
Its function is to bring about changes in individuals and enabling them to
deal with difficulties in a more productive and independent manner.
12. 11. Work of an expert:
Providing counselling is the job of an expert.
The person offering counselling services must be fully equipped with the
skills to provide effective counselling services.
12. Prepares the individual for future:
It is well known that prevention is better than cure; therefore,
individuals must be prepared and equipped to deal with future problems
as quickly and efficiently as possible so that the problems can be assessed
and managed before they become difficult to handle.
13. Counsellor is a person who perform counselling or a faculty member who advises
students on personal and academic problems, career choices, and the like.
INTRODUCTION OF
COUNSELOR
14. “Counsellor is a person trained to give guidance on personal or psychological
problems . ”
Or
“A counsellor is a person whose job is to give advice to people who need it,
especially advice on their personal problems .”
DEFINITION:-
15. QUALITIES OF A GOOD
COUNSELLOR
G -Good technical knowledge .
O –Obtaining appropriate
information from the patient .
O –Objectively answering
questions .
D – Demonstrating
professionalism .
C – Confidentiality maintenance
.
O – Observant .
U – Unbiased .
N – Non-judgmental .
S – Sensitive to the needs of the
patient
E – Empathetic .
L – Listen carefully .
L – Lets the patient make
decisions .
O – Open minded .
R – Respect the rights of the
patient .
16. OTHER ARE:-
1. Leadership
2. Interpersonal relationship :
3. Non-judgmental :
4. Personal values
5. Communication skills
6. Respect for human being
7. Pleasant personality
17. OTHER ARE:-
8. Energic
9. Active listener
10. Intellectual competence
11. Flexibility
12. Philosophy of life
13. Credibility and trustworthiness
14. Empathetic or compassionate
15. General characteristics
18. CHARACTERISTICS OF
COUNSELOR…
Personal characteristics:
• Should be imbibed with
basic human qualities.
• Should be a person with
cultural values &
awareness.
• Should have a deep interest
in helping people.
• Should patiently listen to
others
• Should be sensitive to
other’s attitude & reactions
• Should have a capability for
being trusted by others.
• Should have respect for the
personal autonomy of the
patients.
• Should be tolerate of &
accept the patient point of
view.
Interpersonal
relationships:
• Friendly nature
• Sympathetic
understanding
• Sincerity
• Tactfulness
• Patience
• Ability to maintain
confidentiality
• Attentive listener
• Show concern
Personal adjustment:
• Maintain emotional
stability .
• Emotionally sound &
healthy
• Able to accept criticism
• Knowledge of self
• Patience
19. CHARACTERISTICS OF
COUNSELOR…
Scholastic
potentialities:
• Relevant knowledge
• Motivated &
committed
• Aware of policies,
beliefs,
misconception &
rumors in
community
• Possess common
sense
• Good judgment
Health & personal
appearance:
• Pleasing voice &
appearance
• Vitality & endurance
• Free from any
mannerism
Leadership skills:
• Ability to stimulate
• Reinforce important
information
• Direct the counselee
to ways to solve the
problem .
20. CHARACTERISTICS OF
COUNSELOR…
Philosophy of life:
• Good character
• Integrated
personality
• Faith in human
values
Professional
dedication:
• Show enthusiasm
• Maintain helping
relationship
• Have a nice sense of
morality
21.
22. ISSUES OF COUNSELLING
IN NURSING
Counselling services in nursing education are quite essential but
generally neglected, especially in Indian scenario.
The several pertinent issues of counselling in nursing, which need
immediate attention, are discussed next:
23. 1. Scarcity of
qualified and
competent
counsellors.
2. Lack of
awareness
about needs
and
resources of
counselling
3. Minimal pre
counselling
environment
4. Lack of
counselling
training for
nurses/nursing
faculty
5. Poor
organisational
set-up for
counselling
services
6. Lack of
interest and
initiatives
for
counselling
services
7. Poor
counsellor-
counselee
ratio
8. Lack of
funds for
counsellin
g services
9. Non
compliance
with
counselling
interventions
10. Ethical
and moral
issues
24. Scarcity of qualified and competent counsellors:
• Either in nursing education or nursing services.
• One can hardly find a qualified and competent counsellor working for nurses in
educational institutions or practice setting.
• New selected student nurses are found to be in great need of guidance and
counselling.
• Therefore, INC must ensure at least one part-time qualified & competent
counsellor in each college.
25. Lack of awareness about needs and resources of counselling:
• Most of student nurses join nursing education without any formal preadmission
counselling & face difficulties adjusting with demanding education, which
leads to stress.
• In spite of all the odds, students and nurses are unaware about counselling
services.
• In situations, where they feel the need, they are not aware about available
resources.
• Therefore, nursing institutions must be proactive in improving the awareness.
26. Minimal pro counselling environment:
• Nursing institutions or hospitals do not give much importance to counselling
services for nursing students and practising nurses.
• Very few health care institutions realise the importance.
• Hence, one cannot expect nurses or student nurses to receive standardised
counselling services.
• Realise importance for better learning and job performance.
27. Lack of counselling training for nurses/nursing faculty:
• Nursing faculty or teachers could act as good counselling resources in
institutions.
• Same is observed in hospital setting.
• It is therefore recommended, there must be adequate curriculum related to
counselling.
• There must be regular continuing education to update with new aspects of
counselling.
28. Poor organisational set-up for counselling services:
• A good organisational set-up is required such as infrastructure, money and
manpower.
• There is very poor attention towards building a competent and quality
organisation set-up.
29. Lack of interest and initiatives for counselling services:
• Poor interest and initiative among nursing faculty, nursing teachers, nurses
and management in India.
• Interest brings about motivation to act and one can achieve initiatives.
• Therefore, they must be motivated to spark an interest so that standard and
quality can be ensured.
30. Poor counsellor-counselee ratio:
• Few initiatives to establish counselling services in Indian institutions.
• Very poor counsellor-counselee ratio that has created a poor image and
outcome of counselling services.
• Adequate ratio must be ensured to achieve a better counselling outcome.
31. Lack of funds for counselling services:
• Scarcity of funds in health care institutions.
• One cannot imagine anything positive happening in the field of counselling
services.
• Therefore, the government & management must realise the importance of
counselling services and dedicate adequate funds, so that actual objective be
achieved.
32. Noncompliance with counselling interventions:
• Other most crucial issue.
• Because of several reasons such as
• lack of interest,
• incompetent counsellors,
• poor access to qualified counsellors,
• lack of time,
• inadequate funds, etc.
33. Ethical and moral issues:
• Because it may cause several serious problems.
• Some critically essential ethical principles must be followed such as
• autonomy of practice,
• anonymity of subjects and
• confidentiality of information to prevent ethical, moral and legal problems.
34. Others:
• Resistance to counselling:
• Either by counselee or by faculty.
• Counselling individuals of different cultures:
• Counselee have different cultures.
• The counsellor should be very careful in dealing counselee’s with different
cultures.
• Lack of awareness of value of counselling by public.
35. • Counselling individuals with strong emotions:
• Emotions such as depression, anxiety and so on may hinder counselling
process.
• These emotions prevent in accurate diagnosis of problems.
• Counsellor burn-out:
• The symptoms such as restlessness, boredom, irritability, lethargy,
fatigue, negative feelings, etc. can be managed by
• changing work environment,
• approach taking care of themselves, e.g., enough sleep, rest, diet, play,
entertainment.
36. • Barriers to counseling:
• Disease state: dementia, stroke
• Language: verify primary language
• Hearing/vision problems
• Environmental: noise, lack of privacy
• Educational level (reading ability)
• Patient motivation: disinterest in learning
37. ̶ Lack of counselor training/time
̶ Lack of confidence
̶ Poor counselor-counselee relationship
̶ Poor communication skills
