The document discusses key elements of the teaching and learning process including teachers, learners, instructional methods, curriculum, classroom environment, and school administration. It notes that teachers play an important role and can assume roles like a manager, motivator, leader, model, and surrogate parent. The learner is considered the most important variable and schools aim to provide planned experiences to help students achieve learning outcomes. Effective instructional methods and a well-designed curriculum are also important for delivering knowledge to students.

1. Teaching
and
Learning

2. Elements of Teaching – Learning Process:
Teachers, learners, instructional methods,
curriculum, classroom, materials
of instruction and administration.

3. Considered the most important variable in the
learner’s educational environment.
The Teachers

4. Building and playgrounds, classrooms and
library, medical clinics, school canteen,
equipment, teaching aids and devices.
Components of Effective teaching:

5. Progressive school
The teacher assumes a variety of roles:
1. As a manager
2. As a motivator
3. As a leader
4. As a model
5. As a surrogate-parent
6. As a social catalyst
7. As a facilitator
8. As a guidance councilor
Traditional School
The teacher is perceived to be the source of knowledge.

6. The Learner
It is assumed that the learner is basically
the most important variable in the school
system.

7. The instructional methods
In order to insure that delivery of
knowledge and information to intended
recipients who are the pupils/students, it is
important to know teaching methodology.

8. The curriculum
It has been defined as the aggregate course of
study, the courses offered, all planned experience
provided by the school to assist the pupils/students
in attaining selected and desired learning outcomes
to the best of their abilities.

9. The Classroom
The classroom is a place where formal-
learning occurs.

10. The School Administration
It is a unifying and coordinating activity
which combines the action of individuals into
meaningful and purposeful group endeavor.

11. Administrative skills a school administrator
should possess:
1. Technical Skill
2. Human Skill
3. Conceptual Skill