This document summarizes Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development: The sensorimotor stage occurs from birth to age 2 as children learn about the world through their senses and motor activities, developing object permanence. The preoperational stage from ages 2 to 7 is when children gain symbolic thinking abilities but are egocentric and unable to conserve. From ages 7 to 11, concrete operational children can think logically about concrete objects and events and have gained the ability to perform operations. In the formal operational stage from age 11 on, individuals develop hypothetical-deductive reasoning and can think logically about abstract concepts.

2.  SENSORIMOTOR STAGE (from birth to 2
years)
-child explore the world and develop their
schemas primarily through their senses and
motor activities.
-One of the most important acquired during this
stage is OBJECT PERMANENCE.

3.  PRE OPETATIONALSTAGE (2-7years)
- At this stage children have acquired object
permanence and can now understand that
sound can be used as symbols for objects.
-SYMBOLICTHINKING is the ability to make
something stand for something.
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4. √EGOCENTRISM
-inability to consider another's point of view.
√ANIMISM
-all living things are living or animated, and
capable of intentions, consciousness, and
feelings.

5.  Inability to decenter
-Children tend to focus attention on only one part of a whole at a
time.
. Inability to conserve
-The inability for conservation refers to the child's inability to
follow transformations mentally.
SOME CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES WHICH CHILDREN HAVE
NOTYET MASTERED ATTHIS STAGE ARE:
*conservation of liquid
*conservation of number
*conservation of mass
*conservation of length

6.  CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE (7-11
years)
-At this point the child can now think logically
about objects and events in a concrete way, but
not on an abstract or conceptual level yet.The
child now has the ABILITYTO PERFORM
OPERATIONS.

7. FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE (11 years and
onwards)
- Hypothetical-deductive reasoning develops:
can now reason logically and deal with
abstractions, not just concrete things.
-capacity for abstractions enables person to use
and understand, for instance, algebraic signs,
and metaphorical speech