Presentation makes an effort to list few ideas as to how to make urban transportation sustainable and-- promoting accessibility rather than mobility --besides promoting pedestrianisation and cycling as preferred means of travel
3. Traffic & Travel worst gifts of Urbanization
•Large mismatch between vehicle population
and road capacity
•In last 53 years (1951-2004),motor vehicle
population recorded
-CAGR growth of 10.9%
- compared to 3.6% in road length with
National Highways increasing merely by
2.3%.
•Cities produce 70% global green house gas
emissions, largely by transportation and
buildings
•Travel becoming more expensive for poor
with elimination of pedestrians / bicycles
•Travel becoming risky with accidents
increasing from 1.6 lakhs to 3.9 lakhs during
1981-2001
• majority of causalities among cyclists,
pedestrians and pavement dwellers
•Vehicular congestio/ traffic jams becoming
order of the day
TRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN INDIA
5. •Heterogeneous Traffic
•increased individual vehicle
ownership;
•low road capacity;
•poor road geometry;
•large obsolete vehicular
population;
• inefficient and inadequate
public transportation;
• high degree of environmental
pollution;
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES
6. •low priority for traffic planning;
•Low priority to bicycles and
pedestrians
• poor traffic management;
• mismatch between vehicle
density and road capacity;
•multiplicity of agencies involved
• absence of unified traffic
regulatory authority;
• acute problems of parking;
•high rates of accidents etc.
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES
7. •Mixing of inter and intra city traffic
•Low availability of trained
professionals
•High priority for cars/mechanised
vehicles
•Lack of education of road users
•Transportation planning on low
priority
•Lack of research and development
• Location of wholesale markets in
core areas
•Absence of cycle tracks/ pedestrian
pathways in urban areas
•Absence of well defined road
hierarchy
•Absence of signages
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES
8. •Low level of awareness among
road users
•Low level of traffic enforcement
and regulation
•Low level of respect for law
•Priority for mechanical vehicles-
exclusion of non-mechanised
vehicles
•High degree of congestion in core
areas
•Mixing of mechanised/non-
mechanised vehicles
•High degree of vehicular pollution
•Most vehicles run on diesel/petrol
•Absence of Electric/CNG based
Vehicles
•Outdated vehicular technologies
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES
14. Green Transportation would call for—
1 Redefining Urban Planning.
2. Changing approach to Planning for people
not for vehicles
3. Promoting accessibility rather than mobility
4 Redefining shape and size of cities
5 Making cities compact to reduce travel
demand and trip length
6 Reordering prioritization for travel –
--pedestrians,
--cycles,
--public transport,
--private cars
GREEN TRANSPORTATION
16. 6 Making public transport:
-- equitable/reliable, affordable /safe –
Comfortable/ efficient/ user friendly
7 Equitable allocation of road space.
8 Road Pricing
9 Creating public awareness
11 Promoting innovations through R&D
12 Deregistration of Old Vehicles
13 Establishing effective regulatory /
enforcement mechanisms
14 Creating pedestrian paths/cycle tracks as
integral part of city transportation
GREEN TRANSPORTATION
17. 15 Promoting road safety for pedestrians/ cyclists
16 Setting up more educational institutions imparting
education in traffic engineering/ planning
17 Effective implementation of master plans
18 Pedestrianisation of core areas
19 Shifting of wholesale markets from city core
20 Staggering of office/school hours
21 Reviewing policies for change of landuse for
institutions/universities/large industrial units
22 Restricting peri-urban development
23 Promoting Transit Oriented Development
24.Involving large institutions employing large
manpower to run dedicated transport means
25 Closely integrating inter- city and intermediate modes
of transport to ensure last mile connectivity
26 Educational/industrial units to encourage cycling
within campuses to make them green
GREEN TRANSPORTATION
19. •Promoting use of Bicycle as mode of travel
being
Most inexpensive / flexible
Environmental friendly
Zero pollution/ Zero Energy Vehicle
Occupying minimum road space
Minimum Parking Space
Promoting National Economy
Promoting Human Health
Reducing depletion of Non-
renewable resources
Best option for travelling over short
distance.
Good for Your Health and Lengthens
Your Life
gives much-needed exercise.
TRANSPORTATION- CYCLING
25. PLANNING CITIES
New Order of Planning to focus on:
Making cities more compact.
Making urban planning energy centric.
not to freeze city for next 20 years
permit dynamic growth based on project to project approach
City planning supported by group of experts involving
communities
Adopting City shape / size -- involving minimum travel / length of
road network.
Using mechanism of Mixed Land use
Avoiding Pure land use planning
Adopting Transit Oriented Development
Using high rise high density pattern of development
Promoting flatted development instead of Plotted Development
31. PROMOTING PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Public transport key to rationalizing urban
transportation -- DELHI, CHICAGO , COPENHAGEN
( within400metres)
• Redefining approach to public transportation
• Promoting Public Transport would require:
• Promoting development along transport network
• improved passenger information system
• use of intelligent transport systems for
monitoring and control;
• affordable ticket pricing; e-ticketing; using single
ticket for all modes of travel making any number
of changes;
• carrying maintenance during night
• introducing comfortable buses ,
• involving Communities, creating dedicated bus
lanes
32. TRAFFIC-DELHI,AHMEDABAD,
ISTANBUL, SINGAPORE
• Cityof Singapore promoted:
• high degree of road efficiency,/ reduced road congestion,
• carpooling and public transport
• Generating resources for city infrastructure by hitech Road Pricing
• Delhi, through its green metro, achieved milestone of :
• Transporting 2.8 million people on a single day with the target of 6 million, when
all the four phases will be operational
• reduced road congestion , air pollution and carbon contents,
• increasing road efficiency
• Making mega city much cleaner and greener.
• Ahmadabad’s BRTS reinvented /revolutionized the city road
traffic
• Istanbul used 42 Kms dedicated road lanes for the new Bus
Rapid Transport System to promote:
• public transport,
• tackle the problem of traffic congestion and air pollution
• Providing most efficient service to 6,20,000 passengers /day
33. Green Cities –Musdar Abu Dhabi-UAE
A city of 50,000 population
No cars - using green transport.
working/ living area not farther than
200 mts from transportation nodes.
Electricity light rail for inter- city
transport between Musdar / Abu Dhabi.
•Using green energy-solar power plants
--Using air from sea to cool buildings
Re-cycling of water
•--Intra-city travel through personal
rapid transit pods (PRT) running on
magnetic tracks
•Aim is to create Energy efficient--
Zero Carbon
Zero Waste
Zero Car city
34. TIAN JIN- Master plan
..
1. Land-use Planning – compact city , mixed land uses ,Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) .
2. Transport Planning -Green transport .-- majority trips via public/ non-motorised modes of
transport --bicycles and walking , -90% trips made as green trips,
3. Green and Blue Network Planning---
--City planned with extensive green (vegetation) and blue (water) networks
-- to provide quality living /working environment.
--Green network comprised of green lung at the core and eco-corridors emanating
from the lung to the other parts of city.
-- Water bodies linked to enhance ecology /provide attractive environment , recreation
-- A wastewater pond rehabilitated /transformed into a clean/beautiful lake.
4. Master Plan summed as- 1 axis-3 centres-4 districts
35. Chengdu (China)
Chengdu –China building a city for:
• 80,000 residents
• providing living /working within half
mile square
• everything accessible within 15
minutes walk,
• cutting down landfill by 89%
•, reducing waste water by 58%
• 48% Less energy used compared to
similar sized Chinese cities
• operational efficiency largely
facilitated by city design
37. WALKING/CYCLING- New York
Urban transportation policies that put walking, bicycling and
public transit above cars can result in:
• Cleaner air— 300,000 children and 700,000 adults in New
York City have asthma
• Better and stronger communities— Studies show less the
traffic on your street-- more friends you have.
•Less time spent commuting— average NYC traffic speeds
to just 8 miles per hour in rush hour.
•A more robust local economy— In NYC, congestion costs an
annual $13 billion in
•-- lost jobs,
•-- productivity losses,
•-- travel costs and wasted fuel.
38.
39. Curitiba’s futuristic ‘tube’ station system for buses--,85% Curitiba uses
Bus Rapid Transit -- transporting two million each day-- London
subway carries three million-- BRT built in 1974; now 300 cities
around world are using
.”
46. Transportation strategies
• Driving Less Saves You a Ton of Money
• Riding Transit and Bicycling is Good for Your Health
and Lengthens Your Life
• Living in transit-oriented, “smart growth”
communities is also much better for you health
and saves lives
• living in bicycle-friendly communities / bicycling
for transportation purposes --much better for your
health than riding transit
• Riding a bike gets much-needed exercise--- makes
you healthy and probably saves time!
47. Green Transportation strategies
• www.envirogadget.com
• There are a number of beneficial forms of green
transportation
• that support and enhance walkable urbanism.
• These green transportation options make our lives
• -easier,
• --reduce congestion,
• --reduce our dependence on cars and oil,
• --are safer and less costly,
• -- help save the planet...
• -- and make life more fun!