1. Sustainable Transport Development
Hong Kong Experience
Dr Dorothy Chan, FCILT
President
The Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport

2. The Chartered Institutes of Logistics and
Transport
 First choice of
professional body
 32 countries/regions
 Over 32,000 members
 Professional training
 Experience sharing
 Advance & promote
the Art and Science of
Supply Chain, Logistics
and Transport
2

3. Hong Kong SAR
Area: 1 104 km2
Population: 7.2 million
6,540 people per km
3

4. Some Statistics
(as at the end of 2013)
4
Population (million) 7.2
Rail Length (km) 218
Road Length (km) 2,093
Total Vehicle Fleet 680,914
Private Car Fleet 475,752
Private Car per 1,000 population 66
Vehicle Density (vehicle/km) 325

5. 5
Transport Policy
“Keeping Hong Kong Moving”
May 1979
• Improvement of the road system;
• Expansion and improvement of
public transport; and
• More economic use of the road
system

6. Hong Kong’s Experience
 Private sector participation
 No direct subsidy
 User pay
 Compete for market share
 Reasonable return
 Inter-modal co-ordination
6

7. Multi-Modal Transport System
7
 Mass Transit Railway
 Kowloon Canton Railway
 Light Rail Transit
 Franchised Bus (5700+)
 Tram (161 tram cars)
 Ferry
 Taxi (18000+)
 Public Light Bus (4350)
Merged in 2007
as MTRCL

8. Market Share of Public Transport System
(as at the end of 2013)
8
Franchised Bus
31.6%
Others
3%
Taxi
8.2%
Peak Tram
0.1%
Tram
1.6%
PLB
15.1%
Ferry
1.1%
Railway
39.3%
Total daily ridership:
12 million trips

9. Increase market share
39% to 43%
Expanding Railway Network
Make railways as the backbone of passenger transport system
9

10. 10
Rail Projects under Planning

11. Bus Franchise
• No. of franchise operators : 4
• No. of franchised buses : 5,791
• Daily passengers : 3.9 million
• 10 year franchise, extended every 5 years
11

12. 12
• Constitute over 90% of passenger trips
• R+P model
• An efficient system without direct subsidy (except ferry)
• Over 12 million trips a day
Importance of Public Transport

13. 13
Octopus
• 22 millions cards in circulation
• 12 million transactions a day

14. 14
Private Car Control Measures
• Taxation
• Annual license fees
• 66 private cars per thousand population

15. 15
Urban Mobility Ranking – UITP 2014
2014 Ranking Cities
1 Hong Kong
2 Stockholm
3 Amsterdam
4 Copenhagen
5 Vienna
6 Singapore
7 Paris
8 Zurich
9 London
9 Helsinki
11 Munich
Source: The Future of Urban Mobility 2.0, January 2014, pp. 16

16. Total Greenhouse Gas Emission
in Hong Kong 2011
18%
Transport
16%
Waste and Others
66%
Electricity
16

17. To improve roadside emissions
• Switching diesel taxis to LPG
• EURO V for diesel buses
• Financial assistance to phase out Pre-EURO IV
commercial vehicles
17

18. Pilot Green Transport Fund
• Green Transport Fund: HK$300 million
budget
• Supports the testing of green and
innovative technologies for better air
quality
• Eligibility : existing transport operators
• Only subsidizes the capital cost of the
hardware of the trial products
18

19. Cities in China
• Rapid urban growth
• 1 million cars in 1994 to 33 million in 2008
• Serious traffic conjestion
• Bus speeds fell by 60%
• Bus punctuality fell by 88%
19

20. Challenges
• Increase in private vehicles
• Incomplete transport network
• Congestion
• Developing an integrated transport system
• Accessibility
• Urban mobility
20

21. Hong Kong Urban Environment
• Compact building
• High urban density
• Narrow streets
21

22. Sub-Tropical Climate Zone
• Hong Kong is situated in the sub-
tropical climatic zone with hot and
humid summers
• Maximum day time temperature
greater than 33°C
• Minimum night time temperature
greater than 28°C
• Hong Kong is suffering from Urban
Heat Island (UHI) effect
22

23. Strategic Planning Actions
• Air paths/breezeways and low rise
• Greenery, tree planting on streets and open areas
• Additional development not allowed unless with
mitigation measures
 Reducing ground coverage
 Maintain existing air path, introduce new ones
 Position buildings to align with prevailing wind
directions
 Maximizing greening
23

24. 24
Electric Vehicles
• 309 electric private cars
• 28 electric motorcycles
• 24 electric light goods vehicles
• 4 electric light buses
• 3 electric buses
• 2 electric medium goods vehicles
• 14 electric taxi
Total : 384 EVs

25. HOW LOW CAN WE GO?

26. Our Common Goal: SMILE
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Sustainable Development
Mobility
Innovation
Lifestyle
Environment