Content taken from Social science textbooks of class 10th, Gujarat state Board of school Texbook, Agriculture

1. Chapter 10: Agriculture
Prepared by Hema Goswami
Teacher
Class 10th

2. • Three Types of Crops
1) Kharif Crops
- Rainy Season
- June-July to October-November
- Paddy, Maize, Jowar, Millet, Cotton, til,
groundnut, mung and matth
2) Rabi Crops
- Winter season
- October-November to March April
- Wheat, gram, Barley, Mustard, Linseed etc

3. • 3) Zaid Crops
- Summer season
- March to June
- Paddy, Maize, Groundnut, til, Millet, and fruits like
watermelon, musk melon, cucumber

4. • Major Agricultural Products of India
• A) Food Grains
1. Paddy
- Most important crop because it is used by Majority of the
world
- India’s Position for rice production: 2nd (after China)
- Crop of Torrid Zone( Zone between Tropic of cancer and
Capricorn)
- Temperature required: 20’ C
- 100 cm Rainfall
- Alluvial Fertile soil
- Somewhere it is taken through irrigation because of less
rainfall like Punjab, Haryana, Uttarpradesh
- Major Paddy Production states:- West Bengal, Tamil Nadu,
Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa
- In Gujarat: Surat, Tapi, Pachmahal, Ahmedabad, Kheda,
anand, Valsad districts.

5. 2. Wheat
- It is important food for the people of North-
West India
- It is a Rabi crop of temperate Zone
- Black or fertile loamy soil
- More than 75’ of annual rainfall and less than
100’
- Production doubled after green revolution
- Major states: Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar
Pradesh
- Minor states: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,
Gujarat, West Bengal, Maharashtra etc
- Punjab: Wheat Bowl
- Bhaliya Wheat in Bhal Region of Gujarat.
- King of grains
- Food items: Rotli, Bhakhri, sev, shiro, Lapshi,
Ladu, sukhadi, bread, puri etc

6. 3. Jowar
- Grown in dry and less rainy region of southern peninsula
- It is both Kharif and Rabi Crop
- Temperature : Between 25 to 30’ C
- 125 cm of rainfall
- Black and loamy soil
- Major States: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu, Gujarat
- Gujarat: Surat and Tapi
4. Millet
- Grain of Labourers
- Temperature: 25 to 30’ C
- Rainfall: 40-50 cm
- Light sandy soil
- Major states: Rajasthan, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh,
Maharashtra
- Gujarat: Banaskantha

7. 5. Maize
- Kharif Crop
- More in hilly area
- Staple food and contains oil protein, starch, bio-
fuel etc
- More in industrial production
- Soil: sloppy, black, hard, rocky
- Rainfall: 50-100 cm
- Temperature: 21 to 27’ C
- Mostly used for Animal fodder, Dhani and oil
- Major states: Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,
Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir,
Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka and Andhra
pradesh
- Gujarat: Panchmahal, Dahod, Sabarkantha,
Aravalli districts

8. - B) Pulses
- Main source of protein for vegetarian people
- Kharif crops: Tuver, Udadm Mung, Matth
- Rabi crops: Gram, Peas and lentil(masur)
- Grown in all states except where rainfall is more
- Major states: Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odissa, Bihar, Andhra
pradesh etc
- Gujarat: Vadodra (Tuver), Kachchha (Mung and
matth), Patan (Udad)
- Nitrogen is restored in soil by growing pulses so it
is sown along or after main food crops

9. - Text book of Social science of Class 10th
- Gujarat state Board of School Texbooks
•Work cited