3. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Contents Of Green Revolution
Meaning of Green Revolution
Causes of Green Revolution
Effects of Green Revolution
Evaluation of Green Revolution
Arguments Against
Arguments In Favor
Suggestions For Success Of Green Revolution
3
4. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
MEANING OF GREEN REVOLUTION
» Green Revolution Green Revolution is a face used to describe
spectacular increase in the production of food. A large increase in
crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of
artificial fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties
4
5. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Causes Of Green Revolution
High Variety Seeds
Chemical Fertilizer
Multiple Cropping
Irrigation Facility
Agricultural Machinery
Plant Protection
Agricultural Research
New Technologies
Marketing Facilities
5
6. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Effects of Green Revolution
Increase In Production
Capitalistic Farming
Effects On Rural Employment
Prosperity Of Farmers
Development Of Industries
Base For Economic Growth
Effects On Prices
Reduction In The Import Of Food Grains
Effects On Consumers
6
7. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Suggestions For Success Of Green Revolution
Wider Area
Extension Of Irrigated Area
Green Revolution For Small Farmers
Multiple Cropping
Modification In Agricultural Strategies
Land Reforms
Labour IntensiveTechnologies
7
8. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Green Revolution In India
The Green Revolution in India was a period when agriculture in
India increased its yields due to improved agronomic technology.
Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to
overcome poor agricultural productivity. It started in India in the
early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production,
especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early
phase
8
9. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Green Revolution In India
The main development was higher-yielding varieties of wheat,
which were developed by many scientists, including American
agronomist Dr. Norman Borlaug, Indian geneticist M. S.
Swaminathan, and others.
The Indian Council of Agricultural Research also claims credit for
enabling the Green Revolution in part by developing rust resistant
strains of wheat.
9
10. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Green Revolution In India
» The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds and
the increased use of Chemical fertilizers and irrigation led
to the increase in production needed to make the country
self-sufficient in food grains, thus improving agriculture in
India. The methods adopted included the use of high-
yielding varieties (HYVs) of seeds with modern farming
methods.
10
11. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Green Revolution In India
»
» The production of wheat has produced the best results in
fueling self-sufficiency of India. Along with high-yielding
seeds and irrigation facilities, the enthusiasm of farmers
mobilized the idea of agricultural revolution. Due to the rise
in use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers there were
negative effects on the soil and the land such as land
degradation.
11
12. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Irrigation Infrastructure of Green Revolution
Use Of Insecticides Like Herbicide
Use Of Pesticides
Consolidation Of Holdings
Land Reforms
Improved Rural Infrastructure
Supply Of Agricultural Credit
Use Of Chemical Or Synthetic Fertilizers
Use Of Sprinklers Or Drip Irrigational Systems
12
13. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Problems That Were Addressed
Low Irrigation The well irrigated and permanently irrigated area was only
17% in 1951. The majority of the area was dependent on rainfall and,
consequently, agriculture suffered from low level of production. Problems T 1.
Low Irrigation
The Green Revolution was possible due to adequate water supply through
irrigation. The government undertook a number of minor, major and
multipurpose irrigation projects to supply sufficient water to cultivable lands so
that the dependence of farmers on rainfall reduced to great extents. The
government also made provisions for digging canals, hand pumps, etc., for
adequate and increased water supply.
13
14. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Problems That Were Addressed 1. Low Irrigation
Going forward, the government should create enabling mechanisms to fuel
the growth in quality seed production. Public sector spending on irrigation,
rural infrastructure (storage, post-harvest and connectivity) and credit
availability are key inventions which will encourage farmers to invest in newer
technologies as their returns would be better.
14
15. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Problems That Were Addressed 2. Frequent Famines
» Famines in India were very frequent during the period 1940s to 1970s. Due
to faulty distribution of food, and because farmers did not receive the true
value for their labour, the majority of the population did not get enough food.
Malnutrition and starvation was a huge problem.
15
16. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Problems That Were Addressed 3. Lack Of Finance
»
» Small and marginal farmers found it very difficult to get finance
and credit at economical rate from the government and banks,
hence, fell as easy prey to the money lenders. They took loans from
zamindars, who charged high rates of interests and also exploited
the farmers later on to work in their fields to repay the loans.
16
17. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Indian Economic Sovereignty
» A main criticism of the effects of the green revolution is the cost for many
small farmers using HYV seeds, with their associated demands of increased
irrigation systems and pesticides. A case study is found in India, where
farmers are buying Monsanto BT cotton seeds— sold on the idea that these
seeds produced 'natural insecticides'. In reality, they need to still pay for
expensive pesticides and irrigation systems, which might lead to increased
borrowing to finance the change from traditional seed varieties. Many
farmers have difficulty paying for the expensive technologies, especially if
they have a bad harvest.
17
18. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Indian Economic Sovereignty
» Indian environmentalistVandana Shiva notes that this is the "second
Green Revolution".The first Green Revolution, she suggests, was mostly
publicly-funded (by the Indian Government).This new Green Revolution,
she says, is driven by private [and foreign] interest - notably MNCs like
Monsanto. Ultimately, this is leading to foreign ownership over most of
India's farmland. 2. Adverse effects :-The excessive use of chemical
fertilizers decreased soil fertility and also the use of electric tube wells
decreased groundwater table below the previous level.
18
19. BEST FOR You
O R G A N I C S C O M P A N Y
Thank You.
N. Harihran , A. Amutha
ahslideshare@gmail.com
www.slideshare.net/Hariharanamutha1/
9345020835