"www.fao.org/about/meetings/second-international-agroecology-symposium Presentation on Scaling up agroecology to achieve sustainable development delivered in occasion of the Second International Symposium on Agroecology, held in Rome, Italy on 3-5 April 2018. © FAO: http://www.fao.org "

1. Scaling up agroecology to
achieve sustainable development
From sustainable agricuture to
sustainable food systems

2. SDG´s: 17 interdependent goals

3. Climate
change
Agriculture
Food
Security

4. Climate
change
Food
Security
Agriculture

5. Climate
Change
Food
security
Agriculture
Availability Access
Consumption
Biological
utilization
Local
Production
Money
from
exports
International
Production
Global food
trade system
Production
of GHG
Temperature
PrecipitationReduction
of GHG
Production
of GHG

6. AGRICULTURE CAN FEED THE WORLD
AND HELP THE ENVIRONMENT
But we need fundamental changes

7. The case for climate-smart agriculture
Simplistic approach:
Silver bullets
Complex approach:
Based on agroecological
knowledge (i.e. smart)

8. Climate-smart agriculture
Eco-competitiveness
Productivity
Adaptation
Mitigation

9. Mitigation strategies can improve adaptation to
climate change
Water management
e.g. aerobic vs. anaerobic conditions in soil
Microclimate modification
e.g. shade
Nutrient management
uptake vs waste
Soil organic matter
root health
Conceptual framework

10. GHG production in agriculture result from
system inefficiencies
Conceptual framework
Nitrogen
Proteín
N2O
Other
environ-
mental
fate
Produc
tivity
Climate
change
For example,
Nitrous oxide, N2O:
Nitrous oxide
represents nitrogen
that did not contribute
to productivity
Therefore, reducing GHG can increase efficiency
Cost
Productivity

11. Agricultural systems provide opportunities for
carbon sequestration
In trees
In soil
Conceptual framework

12. FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE
Making change feasible

13. From theory to practice: livestock
Shade
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
National average Pilot 2015 Pilot 2016
Animal load, Animal Units/Hectare
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NationalAverage Pilot 2015 Pilot 2016
Milk production, Tons per month per farm
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Carboncapture in
forested area
Carboncapture in trees
withinpastures
Emissions (99%
methane)
TonsofCO2eq
Carbon balance at farm level

14. From theory to practice: coffee
GOOD FERTILIZATION
PRACTICES:
sources and rates:
reduction of N2O by
35% without losing
productivity
GOOD FERTILIZATION
PRACTICES
To reduce N2O
emissions
AGROFORESTRY
SYSTEMS
A traditional practice
with benefits
The farm
Residualwater treatment
Solid waste (pulp)
management
The mill
Composting Gasification
CH4
CH4
N2O
N2O
GHGTon/year
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Oxidationpond Sprayon pasture
Emissions,CO2eq(kg/258kg
fruit
Wastewatertreatment
N2O
CO2
CH4

15. SCALING UP AND SCALING OUT
AGROECOLOGY
Learning from nature

16. Natural processes in ecosystems
• Efficient use of
resources
–Energy utilization
–Recycling
–Self maintenance
• Diversity
– Low vulnerability
– Connectivity
– Resilience
– Coevolution
Sustainability Examples

17. Connectivity: sustainability element
and innovative business opportunity

18. Pineapple agricultural chain
PRODUCTION
RESIDUES
FRUIT
FRESH
MARKET
PROCESSING
POLLUTION

19. New value chain
PRODUCTION
RESIDUES
FIBER
JUICE
SUGAR
BROMELIN
FRUIT
FRESH
MARKET
PROCESSING

20. From agri-chains to agro-industrial
ecosystems

21. SHRIMP
PEELED
SHRIMP
SHELL
CHITIN
PROTEIN
RESIDUES
FIBER
JUICE
SUGAR
BROMELIN
WOOD
AGGLOMERATES
BIOETHANOL

22. Conclusion
• Agroecology can help solve the most pressing
problems of agriculture, including climate
change, achieving sustainability and productivity.
• Scaling up and scaling out agroecological
principles are necesssary to create area-wide
resilience, less dependence on artificial inputs
and create new business oportunities.
• Knowledge is a key element in enhancing the
contribution of agroecology to the SDG’s