2. Objective
s
At the end of the class, students should
be able to
Define physical environment, health
Describe the determinants of health
Describe physical environment hazards
and the diseases they cause
Proffer solutions to these problems
4. Definition of Health
•Health is defined as the complete
state of physical, mental and social
wellbeing and not just the absence of
disease or infirmity - WHO
5. What is Environment?
• Environment is the space and the contents
of that space.
• It is a sum total of all the living and non-
living elements and their effects that affect
human life.
• It includes the physical, social and
biological
10. Determinants of Health Include
•Thesocial&economicfactors
•PhysicalEnvironment
•Theperson’sindividualcharacteristics&
behavior
11. The physical environment has:
• Influence on health greater than any other
determinant of health
• Much of man’s ill health can be traced to
adverse environmental factors such as air,
water and soil pollution, poor housing
conditions, animal reservoirs of infection
• Environmental health practice deals with
the relationship between environment and
health
15. Air is:
• The immediate environment of man upon which life depends
• Air is polluted by :
- respiration of man and animals
- combustion of coal, gases, oil
- decomposition of organic matter
- trade, traffic, manufacturing process
16. Effects of Air pollution
cough,
difficulty breathing,
asthma,
chest pain,
shortness of breath,
lung cancer,
pneumonia,
• ischaemic heart
disease,
• stroke,
• bronchitis,
• emphysema
• Destruction of plant
and animal life
17. Water pollution
• Safe and wholesome water should be free from:
- pathogenic agents
- harmful chemical substances
- pleasant to the taste (free from colour, odour)
- fit for domestic purposes
• Contaminants of water may be Natural ( dissolved gases
or minerals) or Man-made
18. Effects of water pollution
• cholera,
• diarrhea,
• vomiting,
• dysentery,
• hepatitis A,
• typhoid,
• polio,
• intestinal worm
infestations -
malnutrition
• water borne diseases
(Giadiasis, E.coli,
Cryptosporidiosis,
amoebiasis, guinea
worm)
• Water shortage:
trachoma, scabies
• Insects breeding in or
near water:
trypanosomiasis,
malaria
