Advanced Mobile Location is a rapidly expanding technology designed to support the provision of accurate and reliable mobile caller location information to the emergency services. In this session attendees joined us to hear the latest updates from those who are participating in the initiative in Europe.

1. AML Update – EENA April 2016
999 – improving precision for mobile calls

2. 2
Emergency Calls from Mobile Phones
• 62% of emergency calls in UK from mobile phones - about 45k calls/day
• Location information based on mobile cell site coverage – caller could be located
anywhere in what can be a large area
• Calls from mobiles take ~30 seconds longer before despatch - but can take 3 minutes of
extra questions for stressed/injured victims*
• About 36k incidents per year involve searches of 30+ minutes because a mobile caller is
unable to give location
• 143,000 other cases/year of a caller being unable to speak clearly** and where Police are
concerned to request a registered address if available. Currently only 60% where
registered address available……………….and an average 12 minute delay to obtain.
* London Ambulance found (2014) that 4,000 calls / month take more than 3.5 mins before despatch
** Background screams, distressed, crying, alleged assaults, repeat callers

3. 3
Requirement for Advanced Mobile Location
service (AML) – use the handset’s own location
• No impact on standard emergency call (voice + cell location)
• Smartphone recognises an emergency call is being made : invisible to user
• Phone activates GPS & WiFi facilities if needed and collects location information (for
up to 20 seconds)**
• Zero-rated SMS containing location sent to PSAP (not visible on handset, not charged)
• Mobile network configuration allows SMS when emergency call in progress
• Minimum battery level needed to allow enhanced service
• BT999 matches received SMS to emergency (voice) call
• BT999 verifies GPS/Wifi location is consistent with cell location
• Enhanced location information made available to requested Emergency Service
(Police, Fire, Ambulance, Coastguard)
• This is not an App : no end user installation needed
** Notes
(i) where possible this will supplement the existing location information – does not replace it.
(ii) only triggered when emergency call made (privacy)

4. UK Emergency Service
BT Public
Network
Fixed/Mobile
Networks
BT 999 Call Centres
Stage 1 PSAP
BT (6 sites)
~ 28m calls/year
Public networks
(BT and others)
Police 47%
Ambulance 49%
Fire 4%
Coastguard <1%
999/112
(158 Local Controls – Stage 2 PSAPs)
999/112 call handling : Voice + Location
- Voice : Mobile, Fixed, VoIP
- eSMS for hearing impaired ( also ITUv21 text over voice, real time text using special terminals)
- Telematics in certain vehicles that includes a voice call + separate SMS data message
~62%
Mobile
>80
Communication
Providers (CPs)
PSTN-IP
Gateways
VoIP CPs
Location Hub –
uses network and
handset location
Location VPN
Some handset
locations via SMS –
AML
Network Location –
GMLC for mobiles

5. Results - Rural
Network location – 2024m radius Handset – 6m radius – GPS

6. Results - City
Network Location – 195m radius Handset – 22m radius – GPS

7. Results - Office
Network – 383m radius Handset – 34m radius – Wi-fi

8. In live use - reaching more handsets and networks
• Live service since June 2014
• Initially HTC handsets on EE
– all new models
- OTA upgrades for many existing handsets
• HTC handsets also on O2 and Three networks too
• Sony supported on O2 from August 2015
• Alcatel supported on O2 from October 2015
• Samsung launched on O2 on 10 December 2015

9. Recent monthly figures – Mar 16
• Positions obtained from handset in live use (using AML) are :-
- 40% AGPS/GPS
- 33% WiFi
- 8% Cell
- 19% with no location
• ~91% of AML positions accepted after comparison with network location
• Reject reasons are related to overlap/gap, level of trust, area and time.

10. Precision of AML Locations - 85%<50m radius
0-9 m
12%
10-19 m
22%
20-49 m
51%
50-99 m
5%
100-999 m
4%
1km+
6%

11. Time Delay in AML location arrival – 90% within 30 secs
0-4 secs
11%
5-9 secs
14%
10-19 secs
31%
20-29 secs
34%
30-39 secs
6%
40-49 secs
2%
50-99 secs
1%
100 secs plus
1%

12. Voice call set-up
~5s
BT999
TTA
~1s
BT PSAP handling
~8s
Police TTA
~6s
Second Location Hub
search
Re-query after ~ 20 secs
Timeline to most effectively use the handset location
User
makes call
Call
answered by
Stage 1 PSAP
Police call handling
Time
(seconds)
Event
0 5 3010 15 20 25
Call connect
initiated.
Call answered by
Stage 2 PSAP
First Location Hub
search.
Network Location
Data Arrives ~1 sec
after call answered
Actual Handset Location arrival times
37
90%11% 25% 57%

13. 13
Summary
• Increased location precision - shorter time to locate person in need
• Fewer questions about location – reduced caller/call taker stress
• Faster response to patients with life-threatening conditions
• Reduced costs to Emergency Authorities – less questioning +
searching
• Not an App – sustainable, does not depend on end user,
supplements standard GSM voice call wherever possible,
evolves with handsets
• Working better than expected……. still need network cell location
for cases where AML not possible and to eliminate any unreliable
readings

14. Any Questions
• John Medland – BT999 Policy Manager
John.Medland@BT.com

15. High Level Architecture - AML
eSMS
Server
BT Location Hub
(EISEC)
Location Analysis to
remove invalid WiFi
/GPS results
Functionality integrated
into phone OS
SMS : phone number, WiFi or
GPS location and precision along
with data to validate message.
Phone number, WiFi or GPS location and precision
along with data to validate message.
GPS co-ordinates and map
description passed by voice or as
data
New development
New integration
Call routing by cell ID to BT
999 Call Centre (not shown)
and on to EAs
~80% calls : GPS/WiFi at , or
shortly after call arrival
Cell coverage from
mobile networks
Most calls : Cell
coverage at call arrival
(c98%)
SMS
Aggregation
Service
SMS via each network’s SMSC as normal
Voice call

16. Results – Moving Car
Westbound Eastbound

17. AML Example SMS
AML=1;lt=+55.74297;lg=-4.26880;rd=10;top=20130717175329;lc=95;pm=G;si=234302543446355;ei=356708041746734;mcc=234;mnc=30;ml=127
Header &
Version
Latitude Longitude Radius Time of
Positioning
Level
of Con-
fidence
Positioning
Method
(GPS)
IMSI Message
Length
IMEI MNCMCC