Functional anatomy and Physiological significance of Autonomic Nervous System

1. Autonomic Ner vous System
Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant
A s s i s t a n t P r o f e s s o r
D e p t . o f K r i y a S h a r i r
G J P I A S R , C V M U n i v e r s i t y

2. Table of Contents
 Introduction to ANS
 Visceral Efferent Pathway
 Sympathetic NS
 Para Sympathetic NS
 Functions of ANS

3. Autonomic Nervous System
• Nervous System Controlling Soft Or Visceral Organs
• Two Types –
1) Sympathetic (S-TL)
Thoraco Lumbar Divisions (T1-T12 & L1, L2)
Flight and Fight system
2) Parasympathetic (P-CS)
Cranio Sacral Divisions (Occulumotor (III), Facial (VII),
Glossopharyngeal (IX) & Vagus (X) & S2-S4)
Rest & Repair System

5. Autonomic Nervous System
Exercise
Emotions
Emergency
Digestion
Defecation
Diuresis
D
E

6. Visceral Efferent Pathway
PREGANGLIONIC
NERVE
AUTONOMIC
GANGLIA
POSTGANGLIONIC
NERVE
A O
CNS-SC

7. Visceral Efferent Pathway
• Autonomic Ganglia –
1) Paravertebral / Sympathetic Trunk – 1 On Either Side Of Vertebral
Column
2) Prevertebral / Collateral – On Anterior Side Of Vertebral Column
3) Terminal / Intramural – Peripheral To Vertebral Column, Near To Soft
Organ

8. A O
O
A O
CNS
A O
CNS
SC
SC
SC
A
Visceral Efferent Pathway
CNS
Paravertebral Ganglia
Prevertebral Ganglia
Intramural Ganglia

10. Sympathetic NS
• Sympathetic trunk -
Cervical portion
a) Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion – Head, Face,
Eyes, Heart - 4
b) Middle cervical sympathetic ganglion – Heart – 5,6
c) Inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion – Heart – 7, 8
Thoracic portion – Heart, Lungs, Bronchii – 1 - 12

11. Lumbar portion – Renal & Hypogastric plexus – 1,2
Splanchnic nerves
a) Greater Splanchnic nerves – Stomach, Liver, Kidneys, Spleen,
Small Intestine
b) Lesser Splanchnic nerves – Small & Large intestine
c) Lumbar Splanchnic nerves – Ureter, Urinary bladder,
Rectum, Hypogastric plexus, Genitals
Sympathetic NS

12. Splanchnic Nerve
1) Greater Splanchnic Nerve
2) Lesser Splanchnic Nerve
3) Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve
4) Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve*

13. Occulumotor N (III) – Ciliary Ganglion – Smooth muscles
of Eyeball
Facial N (VII) – Pterygopalatine or Sphenopalatine Ganglion
– Nasal Mucosa, Palate, Pharynx, Lacrimal Gland
Facial N (VII) – Submandibular Ganglion – Submandibular
& Sublingual Glands
Glossopharyngeal N (IX) – Otic Ganglion – Parotid Gland
Parasympathetic NS

14. Vagus N (X) –
1) Thorax part
Superficial cardiac plexus - Heart
Deep cardiac plexus - Heart
Pulmonary plexus – Lungs, Bronchii
2) Abdomen part
Stomach, Liver, Spleen, Pancreas, Small Intestine & some
part of Large Intestine
Parasympathetic NS

15. Sacral Flow -
1) Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve – (S2-S4)
2) Descending colon, Rectum, Urogenital Organs.
3) Ganglion present in outer wall of organ itself.*
*Hirschsprung’s Disease
Parasympathetic NS

16. Functions of ANS

17. Sr.
No
Visceral Organ Activity Sympathetic NS Parasympathetic NS
1 Eyes Ciliary Muscle Relaxation Constricted
Pupil Dilated Constricted
2 Lacrimal Gland Tears Secretion Decreased Increased
3 Salivary Gland Saliva Secretion Decreased secretion,
Vasoconstriction
Increased secretion,
Vasodilation
4 GI Tract Motility Inhibited Stimulated
Secretion Decreased Increased
Sphincters Constricted Relaxation
Smooth Muscles Relaxation Constricted
5 Gall Bladder Relaxation Constricted
6 Urinary Bladder Detrusor Muscle Relaxation Constricted
Internal Sphincter Constricted Relaxation
7 Sweat Increased Decreased
8 Heart HR, CO, FOC Increased Decreased
9 Blood Vessels All blood vessel constricted except
those present in Heart & Skeletal
Muscle
Dilated
10 Bronchioles Dilated Constricted

18. Hirschsprung’s Disease –
Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

19. Thank You All !!!
Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant
Assistant Professor
Sharir Kriya Dept.
GJP-IASR, CVM University
Email –
ayuraniket18@gmail.com
http://ayugjac.edu.in/Staff_CV.aspx?dl=dn3Mja19480dn3Mja19
http://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=636K2sMAAAAJ&hl=en
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aniket_Shilwant