The document outlines the concept of ecofeminism, which links feminist theories with ecological issues by highlighting the connection between the exploitation of women and the environment. It discusses the ideological frameworks that facilitate the subordination of women and degradation of nature, emphasizing the cultural associations of femininity with nature. Additionally, it raises concerns about the representation of women in media and how it can perpetuate stereotypes while also suggesting that this identification can be seen as a source of strength.

1. Welcome
❖ Name: Virani Dhara R.
❖ Sem: 2 M. A. English
❖ Roll no:04
❖ Subject: literary Criticism
❖ Email id: dharavirani601@gmail.com
❖ Submitted to: smt Gardi English Dept. MKBU
❖ Year: 2019-2021

3. ❖ Ecofeminism describes movements and philosophies
that link feminism with ecology.
❖ Ecofeminism connects the exploitation and domination
of women with that of the environment, and argues
that there is a connection between women and nature.
❖ Ecofeminism believe that this connection,illustrated
through the traditionally ‘female’ values of reciprocity,
nurturing and cooperation, which are represent both.
The theory of ecofeminism

4. ❖ Richard Kerridge at length to contextualize this
hypothesis in proper theoretical framework
“ In 1974, an influential essay by sherry B. Ortner, ‘Is
Female to Male as Nature Is to Culture?’, sought to
explain, in terms of structuralist anthropology, the
presence in diverse cultures of the idea woman were
subordinate to men. The underlying idea, Ortner
discovers, is that woman is closer to natue.
What is the Ecofeminism’s key insight

5. ❖ This helps to explain the acquiescence of women in
their own subordination. They accept the general
logic of human domination of nature.
❖ Beliefs that legitimate the oppression of women also
legitimate environmental degradation.
❖ This is the ecofeminism’s key insight.Certain
fundamental binary opposition fit nearly over one
another, creating the ideological basis for both sorts
of harm:

6. Fundamental binary oppositions
Male Female
Culture Nature
Reason Emotion
Mind Body

7. Ecofeminism in education materials
and mass media images
❖ It is normal practice to associate female imagery
whenever mass media deals with Nature.
❖ At this conscious level of memory, people readily
accepts imagery which are floating at upper surface
of memory.
❖ That is the reason why nature is so easily and
conveniently associated with female.

8. ❖ That is the
reason that this
political
newspaper
print
advertisement
gets acceptace
without any
question.

9. ❖ Some may argue that the use if female imagery in
this ad along with female Chief Minister of the state
(West Bengal) Mamta Benerjee is to display female
as source of strength and power.
❖ Some ecofeminists also argue that the identification
of women with nature should now be seen as a
source of strength.
❖ But, this sounds double trap for women.

10. References
Kerridge, Richard. "Environment and Ecocriticism." Literary Theory and Criticism. Ed.
Patricia Waugh. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2007. 530-543.
Ortner, Sherry B. "Is female to male as nature is to culture?" Woman, culture, and
society. Ed. M. Z. Rosaldo and L. Lamphere. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press,
1974. 68-87. Web. 12 Dec. 2016.
<https://www.uio.no/studier/emner/sv/sai/SOSANT1600/v12/Ortner_Is_female_to_mal
e.pdf>.
https://www.slideshare.net/shakya7/ecofeminism-76695686

11. Thank you… .