3. Presentation Outline
What are polymers
History of Polymers
Types of Polymers
Classification of Polymers
Uses of Polymers
What are Biopolymers
Uses of Biopolymers
Biopolymers made of
Diff b/w Polymers and Biopolymers
Effect of temperature on Polymers
Elasticity of Polymers
4. What are Polymers?
A polymer is any of a class of natural or
synthetic substances composed of very
large molecules, called macromolecules,
which are multiples of simpler chemical
units called monomers.
5.
6. History of Polymers
In 1907 Leo Baekeland invented the first polymer
which is Called “BaKelite”
Bakelite is the synthetic polymer
Created form a mixture of
phenol-formaldihyde resin called
BaKelite
7. Types Of Polymers
There are two types of polymers:
Synthetic Polymers
Natural Polymers
Synthetic Polymers
Synthetic polymers are derived from petroleum oil, and made by
scientists and engineers.
Examples of synthetic polymers include nylon, polyethylene, polyester, Teflon,
and epoxy.
9. Classification of Polymers
Natural Polymers: They occur naturally and are found in
plants and animals. ...
Semi-synthetic Polymers: ...
Synthetic Polymers: ...
Linear Polymers. ...
Branched-chain Polymers. ...
Cross-linked Polymers. ...
Classification Based on Polymerization. ...
Classification Based on Monomers.
10.
11. Uses of Polymers
Polymers are used in almost every area of modern living. Grocery
bags, soda and water bottles, textile fibers, phones, computers,
food packaging, auto parts, and toys all contain polymers.
12.
13. What are Biopolymers
Biopolymers are polymers that are produced by or derived
from living organisms
Examples of biopolymers are protein, starch,
cellulose, DNA, RNA, lipids, collagen,
carbohydrates etc.
14. What is Biopolymers made of?
Biopolymers include proteins (polymers of
amino acids), genetic material (polymers
of nucleic acids), glycoforms
(carbohydrates and glycosylated
molecules), metabolites, and other
structural molecules.
15. Uses of Biopolymers
Biopolymers are currently used in food
coatings, food packaging materials, and
encapsulation matrices for functional
foods.
16. What is the difference between polymers
and biopolymers?
Polymers are large molecules that have the same
structural unit repeating over and over while
biopolymers are polymer materials that form in
living organisms. The key difference between
polymer and biopolymer is that most of the
polymers are non-degradable whereas
biopolymers are degradable.
17. Effect of temperature on Polymers
Higher temperatures lead to lower young
modulus of the material.
Weak points of every polymeric material are the
secondary bonds between molecules of your
polymer. With increasing temperatures, the
molecules have more kinetic energy, thus the
weak secondary bonds have less and less effect.
18. Elasticity of Polymers
Polymers, including rubber, may exhibit
elasticity as polymer chains are stretched
and then subsequently return to their
original form when the force is removed.
Metals may display elasticity as atomic lattices
change shape and size, again, returning to their
original form once energy is removed.
19. Young’s Modulus of Elasticity Change
with rise in temperature
With rise in Temperature the
length of the Material Increase
Which decreases its stiffness .
Thus, we can say that with rise in
Temperature , the Young’s
Modulus Decrease
20. Why does Polymer not Soften When
Heated?
Thermoset polymers do not soften when
heated because the molecules are
cross-linked together and remain rigid.
The chemical bonding formed within a
polymer, and the shape of the resulting
polymer, affect its properties
21. What Polymers Soften when Heated
Polythene, polyvinyls and
polystyrene soften on heating and
harden on cooling. Such polymers are
called thermoplastic polymers. These
polymers are linear or slightly branched
long chain molecules.
