SEMIRATA BENGKULU

1. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019
COATING OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM OIL
PALM SHELLS WITH MAGNETITE PARTICLES
AND ADSORPTION TESTS ON Cu(II) IONS IN
SOLUTION
Oleh:
Annisaa Siti Zulaicha*, Buhani, & Suharso
*Email : annisaazulaicha@gmail.com
1
Magister Program of Chemistry
Lampung University
SEMIRATA (ANNUAL MEETING AND SEMINAR) & INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICST)

2. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 2
Water Pollution by industrial waste, especially those containing heavy metals
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University
1. Introduction
2. Experimental
3. Results and discussion
4. Conclusion
5. Acknowledgements

3. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 3
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University
Development
industrial progress
Heavy metal contamination
in water sources
Magnetite activated carbon
Oil Palm Shells

4. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 4
Synthesize magnetite
activated carbon
(ACC-M) from oil palm
shells.
Study of Cu(II) ions
adsorption on
magnetite activated
carbon (ACC-M)
includes a study of
the effects of
adsorbent dosage,
determination of
kinetic adsorption,
and isotherm models.
Purpose
s
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University

5. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 5
Purpose
s
FLOWCHART
EXPERIMENT
Carbonization of oil palm shells
Physical - Chemical Activation of
Carbon
Synthesis of Magnetic Activated
Carbon
Characterization of magnetic activated
carbon
SEM – EDX
XRD
BET Surface Area
Batch
Adsorption
Experiment
Effect of adsorbent
dosage
Effect of contact times
Effect of Cu(II) ions
concentrations
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University

6. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 6
Purpose
s
A. B. C.
Figure 1. Carbonization of oil palm shells
(A) Oil palm shells;
(B) Oil palm shell after being carbonized
(C) Oil palm shell carbon after smoothed and sifted with size
100 – 200 µm
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University

7. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 7
Purpose
s
Figure 2. Physical - Chemical Activation of Carbon
(A) Carbon is heated at 700C for 1 hour in furnace
(B) Carbon is separated from ash
(C) Carbon soaked in 10% H3PO4 for 24 hours
(D) Activated carbon (ACC) was produce after washed with
distilled water to pH 6 and dried in an oven at 100C for 1
hour
A. B. C.
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University
D.

8. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 8
Purpose
s Figure 3. Synthesis of Magnetite Activated Carbon
(A) ACC, FeCl3, and FeSO4 solutions
(B) A mixture of FeCl3 and FeSO4 solutions was stirred for 30 minutes at
60C
(C) Mixture B is reacted with ACC suspension and water, then NaOH is
added to pH 10
(D) The mixture is left for 24 hours
(E) The solid phase (ACC-M) is filtered, rinsed with distilled water to
neutral pH, and dried in an
oven at 50C for 5 hours
A. B. C. D. E.
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University

9. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 9
Purpose
s
Figure 4. Batch Adsorption Experiment
(A) Magnetic activated carbon (ACC-M) is inserted into 25 mL of Cu(II)
solution
(B) The mixture is stirred for 1 hour using a shaker
(C) Mixed B is left for a moment, then decanted. The filtrate is then
centrifuged
(D) The concentration of the filtrate was analyzed using AAS.
A. B. C. D.
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University

10. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 10
1. SEM - EDX
Figure 6. SEM images of a) ACC, b) ACC-M at 5000 times
magnification and elemental composition on c) ACC, and d) ACC-M
Characterization of Adsorbents

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2. XRD ANALYSIS
Figure 5. Diffractogram from a) ACC, b) magnetite, and c) ACC-M
Peaks that appear in
area 2Ɵ of 30.21; 35.52;
43.07; and 57.16˚ which
are typical peaks of
magnetite
Characterization of Adsorbents

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3. BET Surface Area
The reduced surface area on magnetite activated carbon
is due to the presence of magnetite particles that attach
to the surface of the activated carbon
Characterization of Adsorbents

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1) Variation of adsorbent dosage
Figure 7. Effect of adsorbent dosage on
the adsorption percentage of Cu(II) ions
in solution
The increase in the mass
of the adsorbent is
proportional to the
increase in the active site
of the activated carbon
Batch Adsorption Experiments

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Figure 8. Effect of contact times on the adsorption percentage of Cu(II) ions
in solution
2) Adsorption kinetics
Adsorption of
Cu(II) ions in
ACC-M
tends to
follow
pseudo
second-order
adsorption
kinetics
Table 1. Pseudo first order and second order rate constant of ACC and ACC-M for adsorption
Cu(II) ion in solution
Batch Adsorption Experiments

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3) Adsorption isotherms
Figure 10. a) Freundlich and b) Langmuir adsorption
isotherms of Cu(II) ions in solution by ACC and ACC-M
Figure 9. Effect of concentration on the
adsorption of Cu(II) ions in solution
Batch Adsorption Experiments

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Isotherms parameters
Table 2. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions in
solution by ACC and ACC-M
Batch Adsorption Experiments

17. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 17
• Activated carbon derived from chemically activated
oil palm shell using H3PO4 activator and coating
with Fe3O4 particles can be used as an effective
adsorbent to remove Cu(II) ions in solution.
• Adsorption of Cu(II) ions on ACC-M followed
pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
• The adsorption of Cu(II) ions in solution on ACC-
M tends to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm
pattern which is dominated by chemical
interactions through ions exchange on the ACC-M
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University

18. SEMIRATA & ICST 2019 _ July 6th -7th, 2019 18
Magister Program of Chemistry, Lampung University
The authors would like to thank the Directorate of Research and
Community Service, Directorate General for Research and Development,
Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of
Indonesia who have funded this research in accordance with contract
number: 179/SP2H/LT/DPRM/2019. The authors give a high appreciation to
Technical Service Unit of the Integrated Laboratory and the Technology
Innovation Center–University of Lampung