Water pollution refers to the contamination of natural water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater, by various pollutants that adversely affect the water's quality and the organisms that depend on it. These pollutants can come from various sources, including industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities. Water pollution has significant environmental, social, and economic consequences. Key causes of water pollution include: Industrial Discharges: Factories and manufacturing facilities often release harmful chemicals, heavy metals, and wastewater into nearby water bodies, leading to contamination. Agricultural Runoff: The use of fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides in agriculture can result in runoff into rivers and streams, carrying harmful substances that disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Sewage and Wastewater: Improperly treated or untreated sewage and wastewater from households and sewage treatment plants can introduce bacteria, pathogens, and nutrients into water bodies, causing health risks and eutrophication. Oil Spills: Accidental oil spills from shipping accidents or offshore drilling operations can have devastating effects on marine ecosystems and coastal areas. Plastic Pollution: The increasing use of plastic materials has led to plastic waste ending up in water bodies, where it can harm aquatic life and degrade over time into microplastics, posing a long-term threat. Mining Activities: Mining operations can release toxic substances like heavy metals and acidic drainage into water bodies, causing severe contamination. Water pollution has several detrimental effects, including: Harm to Aquatic Life: Pollutants can harm or kill fish, aquatic plants, and other organisms, disrupting the food chain and biodiversity. Health Risks: Contaminated water can lead to the spread of waterborne diseases and pose health risks to communities that rely on polluted water sources. Economic Impact: Water pollution can damage fisheries, tourism, and property values in affected areas, resulting in economic losses. Environmental Damage: Long-term water pollution can lead to ecosystem imbalances and the degradation of water quality, making it challenging to restore affected areas. Addressing water pollution requires a combination of regulatory measures, improved industrial practices, wastewater treatment, and public awareness. Efforts to reduce pollution, conserve water resources, and promote sustainable practices are essential to protect our vital water ecosystems for current and future generations. Preventing water pollution is a collective effort that requires individual responsibility and community action. By adopting these practices and spreading awareness, we can help ensure clean, safe water for current and future generations while preserving the health of our planet's ecosystems.

1. WATER POLLUTION
A day without water is hard, so don't let
it become your future

2. Water pollution : types, effects,
and sources
• What is water pollution?
• Major types of pollution, sources and effects
• Point and nonpoint sources
• Is the water safe to drink?

3. • Highly productive wetlands
• Provide natural flood and erosion control
• Maintain high water quality
• Fertile soils
• Nearby rivers for use and recreation
• Flatlands for urbanization and farming
Benefits of flood plants

4. FLOODING AFTER DEFORESTATION OF A
HILLSIDE

5. Reducing Flood Risk
• Channelization
• Levees (floodwalls)
• Dams
• Protect and restore wetlands
• Identify and manage flood – prone areas
• Precaution approach

6. OLIGOTROPHIC AND EUTROPHIC
LAKES

7. • How much pollution can
oceans tolerate?
• Some pollution degrade and
dilute oceans
• Oceans Dumping
controversies
Ocean
Pollution

8. Solution What can you do?
Water Pollution Water Pollution
• Prevent groundwater
contamination
• Greatly reduce nonpoint runoff
• Reuse treated wastewater for
irrigation
• Find substitutes for toxic
pollutants
• Work with nature to treat sewage
• Practice four R’s of resource use
(refuse, reduce, recycle, reuse)
• Reduce air pollution
• Reduce birth rates
• Fertilize your garden and yard plants
with manure or compost instead of
• Commercial inorganic fertilizer.
• Minimize your use of pesticides
• Never apply fertilizer or pesticides near
a body of water
• Grow or buy organic foods
• Compost your food wastes
• Do not use water fresheners in toilets
• Do not flush unwanted medicines down
the toilet
• Do not pour pesticides, paints, solvents,
oil, antifreeze, or other products
containing hurmful chemicals down
drain or onto the ground.

9. THANK YOU