4. WHAT IS WATER POLUTION ?
Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which
make the water unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other
activities. Pollutants include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All
forms of pollution eventually make their way to water.
10. POINT SOURCES
• POLLUTION COMES FROM SINGLE POINT :
• LEAKINGTANKER
• PIPE FROM A FACTORY
• LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGETANK
• CAN EASILY BE IDENTIFIED ANDTRACED
11.
12.
13.
14. NON- POINT SOURCES
• COMES FROMVARIOUS SOURCESTHAT ARE HARDTO IDENTIFY AND MAY BE
SPREAD OVER A LARGE AREA .
• RUNOFF FRIM FARMS
• RUNOFF FROM CITIES
• DIFFICULTTO IDENTIFIED
• HUGE PROBLEM ,
• ACCOUNTS FOR 96 % OF WATER POLLUTION
20. Water on Earth
• 97% = Salt Water , Oceans , Seas , Some Lakes And Ground
water
• 2.4% = Glaciers And Ice Caps
• 0.5% = Fresh water that is unavailable too far underground
• 0
• 0.3%Water to drink
21. Types of water pollution
1.SurfaceWater pollution:- Water over surface of earth
gets polluted.
2.UndergroundWater Pollution :-Water below the earths
Surface gets polluted.
23. DOMESTIC EFFLUENT
• In this caseWaste waters are discharged in a common
public sewerage
• Food, Detergents, Shampo
24. INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT
• Industries usually discharge waste water into pounds,
Lakes And Rivers
• It has heavy metals like, Mercury, Acid, Copper, Etc
29. What is Hydrological Cycle?
• The Hydrological cycle is the system which describes the
distribution and movement of water between the earth and the
atmosphere. Due to solar radiation, water evaporates, generally
from the sea, lakes, etc. Water also evaporates from plant leaves
through the mechanism of transpiration.
33. Hydrological Balance
Balance in the water cycle means the average annual precipitation over the
earth equals the amount of water that evaporates.
However, if rain falls for a long period of time or if the ground soaks or
saturated with water, then the chance of flooding will increase.
34. What is Hydrological Disturbance?
• Landscape disturbances, characterized by relatively abrupt disruption to
hydrologic function can affect ecologic function, resilience of water
resources, hazards to human lives and infrastructure.
35. Reasons for Hydrological Disturbance
• There is considerable evidence that humans are responsible for disruptions
and changes to local and global water cycles. A number of human activities
can impact on the water cycle.
36. Hydroelectricity or Dams
• Electricity is generated using hydro dams. This involves changing
the stored gravitational energy of water held behind the dam
into electrical energy that can be used.
• Lakes are usually formed from water accumulated in dams.
• Mismanaged dams can results in droughts.
37. Irrigation
• It is the artificial watering of land that does not
get enough rain water.
• The removal of nutrients results in farmers’
using fertilizers that makes waterways
polluted.
38. Deforestation
• The removal of trees (deforestation) is having
a major impact on the water cycle, as local and
global climates change.
• Deforestation in one area can therefore affect
the weather in another area because if trees
are cut down, there is less water to be
evaporated into the atmosphere and
subsequently less rain.
39. Climate Change
• Climate change is affecting where, when, and
how much water is available. Extreme weather
events such as droughts and heavy
precipitation, which are expected to increase
as climate changes, can impact water
resources.
• Global warming is speeding up the water cycle.
