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1. PROJECT
OF
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

2. STUDY THE ECOLOGY OF
WATER POLLUTED SITE
OF DELHI REGION

3. WATER POLLUTION

4. Water pollution is the
contamination of water bodies
(e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans,
aquifers and groundwater). This
form of environmental
degradation occurs when
pollutants are directly or
indirectly discharged into water
bodies without adequate
treatment to remove harmful
compounds.
Water pollution is a major global
problem which requires ongoing
evaluation and revision of water
resource policy at all levels
(international down to
individual aquifers and wells). It
has been suggested that water
pollution is the leading
worldwide cause of deaths and
diseases, and that it accounts for
the deaths of more than 14,000
people daily

5. TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION
Groundwater pollution
groundwater pollution, also
referred
to as groundwater contamination,
is not as easily classified as surface
water pollution. By its very nature,
groundwater aquifers are
susceptible to contamination from
sources that may not directly affect
surface water bodies, and the
distinction of point vs. non-point
source may be irrelevant.
Point source water
pollution
It refers to contaminants that
enter a waterway from a single,
identifiable source, such as a
pipe or ditch. Examples of
sources in this category include
discharges from a sewage
treatment plant, a factory, or a
city storm drain

6. CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
ReligiousandSocialPractices
Religious faith and social practices also add
to pollution of our river waters. Carcasses
of cattle and other animals are disposed in
the rivers. Dead bodies are cremated on the
river banks. Partially burnt bodies are also
flung into the river. All this is done as a
matter of religious faith and in keeping with
ancient rituals. These practices pollute the
river water and adversely affect the water
quality.
Agricultural runoff and improper
agricultural practices
Traces of fertilizers and pesticides
are wasted into the nearest water-
bodies at the onset of the
monsoons or whenever there are
heavy showers. As the point of
entry of such agricultural inputs is
diffused throughout the river
basin, they are termed as non-
point sources of pollution

7. AGRICULTURE
Increases soil erosion
due to the physical
disturbance of soil
and vegetation due
to ploughing,
overgrazing, logging
and road building.
This effects the
murkiness and the
amount of salts and
minerals in water;
.
MINING :
can increase the amount
of minerals and salts in
the water (too much can
cause health problems);
can affect the pH of the
water (whether it is acid,
neutral or alkaline);
can increase the
murkiness of the water.

8. THINGS YOU CAN DO TO
REDUCE WATER POLLUTION
Run the
dishwasher or
clothes washer only
when you have a full
load. This conserves
electricity and water.
Use the minimum
amount of detergent
and/or bleach when
you are washing
clothes or dishes. Use
only phosphate free
soaps and detergents.

9. WATER POLLUTED
SITE
OF
DELHI REGION
NAJAFGARH
DRAIN

10. STUDY AREA
NAJAFGARH DRAIN
TIME OF VISITING THE STUDY AREA
11:30AM
DATE- 10 OCTOBER, 2015
LATTITUTE- 28 39.360 MINUTES
.

11. FIELD WORK

12. METHOD
IT WAS AN OBSERVATION
BASED STUDY AND DATA
WAS RECORDED ON A DATA
SHEET

13. NAJAFGARH DRAIN
The Najafgarh drain is
another name for the River
Sahibi, which continues its flow
through Delhi, where it is
channelized, and then flows
into the Yamuna. Within Delhi,
due to its channelization for
flood control purposes, it is
now erroneously called
"Najafgarh drain" or
"Najafgarh nallah."
Najafgarh Drain
originates in
Alwar-Rewari
region of
Rajasthan and
Haryana in the
Arawali Hills.

14. LENGTH OF NAJAFGRAH DRAIN

15. OBSERVATION
VARIOUS INSECTS , BIRDS
AND PLANTS WERE
PRESENT NEAR TO
NAJAFGARH DRAIN LIKE :
PLANTS
• POND HERON
• WATER HYACIN
• ALGAE
• EUCALYPTUS
• FOREIGN KEEKER
INSECTS AND BIRDS
• BLACK KITE
• CATTLE EGRETS
• SWIFTS
• GRASSHOPERS
• DRAGON FLIES
• COMMON MYNA
• LEMON BUTERFLIES

16. OBSERVATIONS
• SMALL SLUM AREA WAS
THERE NEAR TO THE
NAJAFGARH DRAIN WERE
PEOPLE WERE LIVING FOR
SO MANY YEARS .
• THE COLOR OF THE WATER
WAS BLACK BECAUSE
VARIOUS TOXICS LIQUIDS
AND MATERIAL IS DISPOSED
INTO IT.
• CONSTRUCTION SITES
WASTE MATERIAL WAS ALSO
DISPOSED OFF NEAR TO THE
DRAIN.
OBSERVATIONS
• SEWAGE PIPES WERE
CONNECTED TO THE DRAIN .
• PLASTIC BAGS ,PLASTIC
BOTTLES AND PLASTIC
POLYTHENE WAS THROWN
NEAR TO THE DRAIN IN A
LARGE AMOUNT .
• BAD FOUL SMELL WAS
THERE NEAR TO THE DRAIN

17. BIOMAGNIFICATION OF PERSISTANT CHEMICAL

18. COMPARISON
OF FOOD WEB
BETWEEN
FRESH WATER
V/S
POLLUTED
WATER
ECOSYSTEM

19. POLLUTED WATER FOOD WEB
BLACK KITE
FISH
INSECTS
POLLUTED RIVER

20. FRESH WATER FOOD WEB

21. Black Kite
(Tertiary Consumer)
Cattle Egret. Black
winged Stilt
Dragon flies, Maggots
(Primary Consumer)
Water Hyacinth
(Producer)
Observed Ecological Pyramid

22. CONCLUSION
WITH INCREASE IN WATER POLLUTION
FOOD CHAIN BECOME SIMPLER AS ONLY
POLLUTION RESISTANT SPECIES CAN
SURVIVE WHILE SPECIALIST OR FRESH
WATER SPECIES PERISHES.

23. VIEWS
ABOUT
NAJAFGARH DRAIN
THE DRAIN WAS REALLY POLLUTED DUE TO
DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE WATER . AND ALSO
BECAUSE OF DISPOSING OF WASTE MATERIAL
LIKE PLASTIC GOODS AND CONTRUCTION
MATERIAL INTO IT.
AND IT WILL GET WORSE CONDITION IN THE
FUTURE IF WE DID NOT THINK ABOUT THIS
RIGHT NOW. AN PEOPLE LIVING NEAR TO THE
DRAIN WILL DIE VERY SOON BECAUSE OF ITS
FOUL SMELL AND BAD ENVIRONMENT .
SO TAKE INITIATIVE RIGHT NOW AND MAKE
THE FUTURE RISE AND SHINE.

24. MADE BY :
RAUNAQ SINGH