Done by Solid Minds group in Qatar Independent Technical School for Boys. Concrete is a composite material composed of water, coarse granular material (the fine and coarse aggregate or filler) embedded in a hard matrix of material (the cement or binder) that fills the space among the aggregate particles and glues them together. This module enables the students to study concrete properties in general through experiments done by the students. Qatar is known to be a desert environment, free of fresh water. So why don’t we make use of rain in the northern places of Qatar and also sanitation. Our project idea is about purifying water that comes from rain and sewage and use it in agriculture. In our project, we used a concrete tank that collects water with a filter inside to purifies water. Water will then pour and run through channels which feeds the green land.

1. Qatar Independent Technical School
Solid Minds
Abdulaziz Buhazzaa
Abdullah Al-Khulaifi
Mohammed Jassim
AL-BAIRAQ
I AM DISCOVERING MATERIALS
CONCRETE
Partner platinum sponsor silver sponsor sponsor

2. Outlines:
• Introduction
• Activities:
• Activity 1: Hunting for objects made of concrete
• Activity 2: Comparing different types of cement
• Activity 3: Comparing Different Concrete Formulations
• Activity 4: Testing Properties of Concrete (Breaking
Concrete)
• Project design: design reinforced concrete
• Conclusion

3. Cement
a powdery substance made with calcined lime and clay. It is mixed with
water to form mortar or mixed with sand, gravel, and water to make
concrete.

4. Concrete
In general terms, the word cement refers to any kind of binder that
tightly holds other materials together.
Concrete, on the other hand, is a mixture of materials like sand,
gravel, and small rocks combined with any type of cement and water.
The concoction is then allowed to dry and harden. Basically, concrete
is the stone-like structure formed after cement and other materials
are mixed together. The cement is just a part of the recipe.

5. Activity 1:
Hunting for objects made of concrete

6. Coliseum was built between:70 – 80 AD
Great Wall was built between 220 – 206 BC Prypiat had an explosion in 1986
Alhambara was built in 890 and Renovated

7. Activity 2:
Comparing different types of cement

8. Activity2: Comparing different types of
cement
• We made a concrete mixer using this formula
All what we did to making this concrete mixer is simply mixing all of the
elements that we mentioned above and put it in a mold until it’s hardens.
WaterSandGravelFormulation
45 ml240 g150 gC

9. Activity 2: Comparing Different Concrete Types
• We wanted know what are the elements that affects the strength
of the concrete, so we made three different types of Formulations
Sample Portland
Cement
Water Additives
Ca Cl2 Table sugar
A 200 g 100 ml 0 0
B 200 g 100 ml 0 2 g
C 200 g 100 ml 12 g 0

10. Activity2: Comparing Different Types of Cement
Time Cement Cement + Sugar Cement + CaCl2
0 25 25 25
3 25 26 26.5
6 25.5 26 28
9 25.5 25.5 30
12 25.5 25.5 31.5
15 25.5 25.5 32
18 25 25 32
21 25 25 32

11. Activity2: Comparing Different Types of
Cement
• Type 1: Ordinary portland cement used in general
construction.
• Type 2: Rapidhardening cement used for quick setting
works which can be made by adding CaCl2.
• Type 3: low heat cement, lowhardening cement used
for quick setting works
• Type 4: low heat cement, lowhardening cement used
for quick setting works which can be done by adding
sugar.

12. Activity 3: Comparing Different Concrete Formulations
• In this activity our objective was to discover how we can make a
stronger concrete mixture.
• We were given materials like steel bars ,steel bushes , wooden
sticks and nails
• We were told to make our Concrete the strongest Concrete
possible.
• We chose the Nails and Steel bars

13. ACTIVITY-4: TESTING PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
(STRENGTH)
• We were curious to discover how we can make a stronger concrete
mixture.
• We made three different mixers of concrete, and we broke them
apart after they dried by adding a weight of water that applies
directly above the concrete mixer.

14. Purify Water for Agriculture
• We aim to help the farming community because we lack in it , we
are working on something that will improving farming in a very
strong way as farm people they will need some rest from the
upcoming sun or they might go somewhere and nobody will be
there to plant them we created a simple way is by creating a huge
cement made structure that will have a filter on top and when it
rains it will get the water of the rain and it will filter it and store it
and there will be an automatic gate valve that will open in certain
times and will spread the water to the grains and when it finishes
that the rest goes to the animals of the farm and this is why we
wanted to filter the water we can also use this for us because we
live in a farm which will be very far from a city and may take 1 hour
to travel to a city that has water this is the best way to get water
and it’s natural!

15. Purify Water for Agriculture
• Objectives:
1. Absorb water from the rain
2. Store the water in a huge structure of cement
3. Have the auto valve open from certain times and close in certain
times
4. Spread water across in all of the crops
• Procedure/prototypes
• Results: It worked and the water spread over all the crops and holes
• Conclusion: We can now benefit water from the rain and we can use
it for ourselves and we can also use it for our crops

16. Making Water Rain a Better source
Hypothesis:
•Cement can store ,handle a lot of pressure and keep
the temperature of the water and so we can use
water that comes from the rain to grow our crops if
we are low in water supplies because it doesn’t take 1
minute to get these resources we need and if we eve
get thirsty we can also use this water for ourselves
instead of going to a nearby town which can be
pretty far away for a farm this can be used in places
like Al-Shamal because it doesn’t have a lot of crops
and green area’s we can make the rain that rains in
Al-Shamal more useful and we can use it for a better
reason to make Qatar green like it used to be many
years ago.

17. Making Water Rain a Better Resource
Our story and goal
• We were introduced to Al-Bairaq and we were told to
take a little test and it was before we were taught about
cement and then we did it from our knowledge and then
we were taught about cement and concrete how it has a
lot of history with us and there are a lot of examples of
cement and concrete and it really amazed us how
amazing these examples are and how cement has various
types of cement and each type has its uses and cement
has different formulations like if we added more materials
that will strengthen and it will be harder to break and if
we add less it can break easily but it can be used for a
another cause

18. Recommendations
• Do you recommend (advice) that your product can be used for
other new applications for it?
• Yes and I do advice if someone gives us more idea’s this idea’s
might blow our minds from perfect idea’s we will think about your
idea’s before perfecting them
• If we ever had obstacles we might get it from the water spread but
that can be easily fixed by adding pipes and we can do it easily and
they will help in moving the water and it will increase the flow and
they will help it move the water to the crops

19. Conclusions
(Overall)
We gained experience and we learned a lot of stuff about cement
and concrete ,thanks to Al-Bairaq we researched about cement and
concrete and we learned more stuff about it and we also thought
about using it for a better purposes we learned how cement and
concrete has a lot of history with humans how it was discovered the
instructors told us a lot of things about it

20. Acknowledgment
Many thanks to my teachers, school and Albairaq team from
Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University for
supporting us during our journey with a Albairaq, they helped
us through a lot of times and advised us and gave us their time
Also, I would like to thank the sponsors UNESCO, Ras Gas, Shell
and Qatar Petroleum.