The document discusses concrete and specifically plum concrete, which is a mixture of concrete and large stones used for various construction purposes, particularly where faster completion and lower costs are needed. It includes comparisons of compressive strength between ordinary and plum concrete, indicating that ordinary concrete has higher strength. Additionally, the document highlights the advantages of concrete as a versatile building material compared to others, with lower CO2 emissions during production.

1. KAUTILYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
SITAPURA, JAIPUR
SUBMITTED TO –
ER. SHIV KUMAR SHARMA
SUBMITTED BY –
TUSHAR GARG
SEC – A

2. BY – TUSHAR GARG

3. CONTENT
Concrete
Plum concrete
Compressive strength of plum concrete
Compression testing machine
Compressive strength of ordinary concrete
Result of plum and ordinary concrete
Purpose of plum concrete
Uses of concrete in comparison to other building material
Energy efficiency in production
Conclusion
Reference

4. CONCRETE
Concrete is most widely used man – made material.
The homogenous mixture of cement, sand and aggregate when casted by mixing it
with adequate amount of water is called concrete.
Most concrete is poured with reinforcing material embedded to provide tensile
strength.

5. PLUM CONCRETE
Plum concrete is also known as cyclopean concrete.
Plum concrete is the concrete mix with plums (large stone).
The coarse aggregate used in plum concrete should be 25 mm down.
Plum concrete consist of 60% of concrete and 40% of large sized stone with proper
anchoring of reinforcement.
The proportion of plum should not be exceed 50% of the total volume of plum
concrete/ plum masonry.

6. PLUM CONCRETE

7. PLUM CONCRETE
The stone size to be used for plum shall be between 200 to 300 mm.
The stone can be basalt, trap or any other approved locally available stone with
minimum crushing strength of 100 Kg / cm2 obtained from quarries approved by
engineering in – charge.
The length of stone should not be exceed 3 times its height.
The plums are laid in layers using the cement concrete as mortar.
All plums concrete / plum masonry shall be maintained wet for at least 7 days.

8. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF PLUM CONCRETE
1.Grade of Concrete
2. Ingredient of Plum Concrete
6. curing
3. Preparation of concrete mix
5. Drying of block in mould
7. Testing in compression testing machine
4. Casting of Plum Concrete Block

9. COMPRESSION TESTINGMACHINE
The compression testing machine is used
to determine compressive strength of
concrete. The compression testing
machine can be hand – operated or
automatic.

10. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF ORDINARY CONCRETE
1.Grade of Concrete
2. Ingredient of ordinary Concrete
6. Curing of concrete block
3. Preparation of concrete mix
5. Drying of block in mould into open air
7. Testing in compression testing machine
4. Casting of Concrete Block in standard mould

11. RESULT OF PLUM AND ORDINARY CONCRETE
S. No. Concrete Compressive Strength (N/mm2) in 7 days
1 Ordinary concrete block 20.44
2 Plum concrete block 19.11
The result shows that the compressive strength of the plum concrete is lesser than
the ordinary concrete.

13. PURPOSE OF PLUM CONCRETE
Plum concrete is usually done when the surface is uneven and to minimize the
costing of concrete.
The plum concrete is mostly used for the purpose where the more stabilizing force
i.e. downward force are required for stability.
Another purpose of plum concrete is to complete the work faster. It takes less
construction time than the ordinary concrete required.

14. USES OF CONCRETE IN COMPARISON TO OTHER BUILDING
MATERIAL
Concrete is a site made material unlike other construction materials.
Other materials like bricks, stone, wood etc. cannot be mould into desired shape. Only
concrete can be mould into required shape and size.
Concrete is a versatile material which provide strength, durability and fire resistance etc.
which is not found in other building material.
CO2 emission from concrete and cement production are relatively small as compared to
other building material.

15. ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PRODUCTION

16. CONCLUSION
Here we study about the plum concrete and ordinary concrete.
Mostly plum concrete is used in place where faster construction and low construction
cost of structure are required.
Plum concrete are mostly used in the water front structure like DAMS etc.
Plum concrete is heavier in weight as compared to the ordinary concrete.

17. REFERENCE
Concrete Technology “Theory and Practice”: M.S. Shetty, S. Chand and Company.
IS 456-2000 ―Plain and reinforced concrete code of practice (fourth revision).
Concrete Technology: K.T. Krishnaswamy & etal, Dhanpat Rai & Sons.
Jones, Katrina (1999) “Density of Concrete” The Physic Fact book.