2. Aims and ObjectivesAims and Objectives
Understanding concrete as a structural
material, its application and appreciation
of its complexity, performance and
reliability.
3. Aims and ObjectivesAims and Objectives
Able to define properties of constituent materials –
origins and uses.
Understand the concepts of hydraulicity.
Able to define types of Portland cement, production
methods and application.
Know the properties of materials for concrete, and the
test methods.
Able to carry out mix design, mix process and tests for
workability.
Understand the importance of curing.
Able to carry out strength testing including non-
destructive testing.
9. Concrete FutureConcrete Future
It is estimated that by 2025 about 66 per cent of the
world population will live in urban areas on 7 per cent
of the land.
That means that urbanization will be on a small
portion of land.
This will need taller buildings and use of high strength
concrete.
Also good infrastructure such as water supply,
drainage, better quality roads (concrete should be the
obvious choice) etc. will be required.
This will boost the construction industry and that will
boost cement production.
10. Concrete FutureConcrete Future
The pace of construction will be fast which will
require high strength cement.
Concrete will have to be durable and of good
quality, therefore, with high strength cements,
the materials like silica fume, processed fly ash
and ground granulated blast furnace slag will
be used.
Cement with chemical and mineral admixtures
will be used to produce concrete of desired
strength, workability and durability.
11. Facts and FiguresFacts and Figures
Concrete’s versatility, durability, and economy
have made it the world’s most used construction
material.
The U.S. uses about 340 million cubic yards (260
million cubic meters) of ready-mixed concrete
each year.
It is used in highways, streets, parking lots,
parking garages, bridges, high-rise buildings,
dams, homes, floors, sidewalks, driveways, and
numerous other applications.
