The document discusses global and India's energy resources, consumption patterns, and energy scenarios. It provides the following key details: - Globally, energy use reached 500 quadrillion joules in 2010 and is expected to grow significantly by 2020 as population and consumption increases, with 50% of new demand coming from developing nations. - India ranks 6th in energy consumption globally but per capita use is only 1/3 of the world average. India relies heavily on coal which accounts for 55% of its energy supply but has limited oil and gas reserves. - India faces increasing energy demand challenges from continued population and economic growth. Meeting future needs will require development of both supply sources and improving demand-side efficiency.

1. Energy Resources
&
Energy Consumption Pattern
PREPARED BY: AKHIL VARGHESE

2. “What Energy does
and What Energy is”

3. Energy
1: vigorous exertion of power
2a: the capacity of acting or being active
2b: dynamic quality
3: the capacity for doing work
4: usable power (as heat or electricity); also: the resources for producing
such power.

4. Global Patterns of Energy Supply and
Utilization
In 2010, the world used about 500 quadrillion joule of energy
Energy is an integral part of global commerce and its use has expanded rapidly as both
population and per capita consumption have grown.
World population expected to grow to 8 billion in 2020
Will require 90 billion bpd (barrels per day) of oil
 7 billion .Tons of coal/yr
 40 trillion Cu.M/yr of NG
50% of this energy will be required in the developing world

5. If energy use were distributed equally over the world population, each person would use
about 1.7 tons of oil equivalent (TOE)/year.

6. Population Growth Trends

8. The Energy Portfolio
External planetary forces (e.g., solar energy, tides)
Extracted from the subsurface of the earth (e.g., fossil fuels, heat, nuclear
fuels)
Solar energy reaching the earth’s surface can be harvested
thermally for heat,
 converted by photovoltaic materials to electricity,
converted by photosynthesis to biomass.
Solar heating in the atmosphere drives convection currents that can
be harvested as wind energy — or as wave energy in the oceans.
Solar evaporation of water and subsequent rainfall at higher
elevations produces the potential for hydropower.

10. Overall this subject deals with the following aspects related to energy systems.
• General assessment issues : resource availability, thermodynamic issues,
environmental impacts of energy use, economic evaluations and energy interactions with
water and land use;
• Primary energy options : fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, biomass fuels, geothermal energy,
hydropower, solar energy, ocean energy, and wind energy;
• Energy storage and movement : energy carriers and energy storage, transmission,
and distribution;
• End-use sectors : transportation, industrial, and commercial and residential buildings;
• Synergistic complex systems: going beyond the traditional frameworks, and better
understanding the impacts of current and transitional energy practices, from local to
global scales, on present and future generations and our planetary environment;

11. INDIA’S ENERGY
SCENARIO

12. Introduction
India ranks sixth in the world in total energy consumption.
Accounts for 3.4% of global energy consumption.
India is rich in coal and renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydro and bio-
energy sources) but it has very less hydrocarbon reserve(0.4%of world’s reserve)
India is a net importer of energy.
More than 25% of primary energy needs is met through imports mainly in form of
crude oil and natural gas.
There is heavy dependence on non-renewable sources of energy (coal, petroleum
,natural gas) to meet the increasing demand.
17% of world population with 0.6% of oil & 6% of coal resources

14. In 2000-01, energy shortage -7.8%, peak load shortage -13%.
Per capita energy consumption is far less compared to global standards (957 kWhr in 2013 -
Canada 15520 -world 3026).
India’s per capita consumption is 1/3rd of the World average.
By 2025, India will be the most populous country in the world.
Oil demand increases by more than in any other country, approaching 10 mb/d by 2040.
India’s urbanisation is a key driver of energy trends: an additional 315 million people – almost
the population of the United States today – are expected to live in India’s cities by 2040.

15. •The answer will have to be found on both sides of the equation.
Energy supply = Energy demand
(source, technology, efficiency) (alternatives, equipment, life style)

17. Coal
 India ranks third among the coal producing countries in the world.
 Coal being the most abundant fossil fuel in India till date, it continues to be
one of the most important sources for meeting the domestic energy needs.
 It accounts for 55% of the country’s total energy supplies.
 Most of the coal production in India comes from open pit mines contributing to
over 81% of the total production.
 As 2016, the estimated reserves of coal were 308.80 billion tonnes, an
addition of 2.20 billion tonnes over the last year.

18.  Coal production in the country during the year 2011-12 was 539.94 million tonnes
 The estimated total consumption of raw coal by industry was 934 MToe by 2040 from
341during 2011-12, with a CAGR of 4.86%.
India currently faces coal shortage of 23.96 MT.

19. Petroleum and Natural gas
 The estimated reserves of crude oil in India as on
31.03.2016 stood at 621.10 million tonnes (MT)
 Geographical distribution of Crude oil indicates that the
maximum reserves are in the Western Offshore.
 The estimated reserves of Natural Gas in India as on
31.03.2016 stood at 1227.23 Billion Cubic Meters (BCM)