This document summarizes energy resources and consumption in India. It finds that renewable sources like solar, wind and hydro currently contribute less than coal and other non-renewable sources. Solar and wind energy potential exists across India, while major hydro plants are located in states like Odisha. Coal reserves are highest in states like Odisha, while crude oil comes from offshore fields and states like Gujarat and Rajasthan. It concludes that India needs sustainable energy options to support development due to constraints on domestic resources and climate issues, and recommends policies to promote energy efficiency and conservation.

1. Energy Scenario in India
Nitish Sharma
Mech. Dept.
K L University2014

2. Overview of Energy Resources in India
Renewable
Sources
Solar
Energy
Wind
Energy
Small
Hydro
Biomass
Non-
Renewable
Sources
Coal
Crude
oil
Natural
Gas
Nuclear
Power
According
to Category

3. Amount of Energy Production In India
(Comparison)
As Per Renewable Sources
37.74
20.29
2.208 1.2 0.99
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Hydro Wind power Solar PV cell Bio-power Waste to
Power
Total Energy Consumption in GW
As per Non-Renewable Sources
67.94
20.38
4.7
1.199
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Coal Crude oil Nuclear Power Natural Gas
Total Energy Consumption in GW
Reference :
Wikipedia

4. The Renewable Source of Energy:
Areas of Existence
Solar Energy Data:
As Solar Energy (i.e. Sunlight) is
Distributed equally in all areas,
so there is no specific area
defined.
Solar
Energy

5. The Renewable Source of Energy:
Areas of Existence
Wind Energy Data:
The leading States are
• Rajasthan
• Gujrat
• Madhya Pradesh
• Maharashtra
• Karnataka
• Tamil Nadu
• Andhra Pradesh &
• Odisha
• West Bengal
Wind
Energy

6. The Renewable Source of Energy:
Areas of Existence
Hydro energy Data:
The map shows the places where
Hydro Power plants are located.
The Largest Hydro Power plant is
located at Hirakud ( 15 Km. from
Sambalpur ) in Odisha.
The Hirakud Dam is 4.8 Km in
Length and power generation is
about 347.5 MW (Installed capacity)
Hydro
Energy
Hirakud
dam

7. The Non-Renewable Source of Energy:
Areas of Existence
0.00
10,000.00
20,000.00
30,000.00
40,000.00
50,000.00
60,000.00
70,000.00
80,000.00
90,000.00
Coal Reserves (in million Metric Tonnes)
Coal Reserves (in million Metric Tonnes)
Coal
Energy

8. The Non-Renewable Source of Energy:
Areas of Existence
Crude oil Data:
Offshore – 49%
Gujrat – 13%
Rajasthan – 24%
Assam & Nagaland -12%
Andhra Pradesh – 1%
Others - 1%
Crude
oil
Offshore
49%
Gujrat
13%
Rajasthan
24%
Assam &
Nagaland
12%
Andhra Pradesh
1% Others
1%
Sales
Offshore
Gujrat
Rajasthan
Assam & Nagaland
Andhra Pradesh
Others

9. The Non-Renewable Source of Energy:
Areas of Existence
Nuclear
Power
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Cumulative Capacity of Nuclear and New Renewables from 1992-
2011Nuclear
New Renewables
In terms of capacity RE is 4 times nuclear (20 GW vs 4.7 GW)
In terms of electricity RE is 2 times nuclear (50 BU vs 26 BU in 2010-11)

10. The Current Scenario of India
• Power Installed Capacity : 1,73,635 MW
• Energy Generation (p.a.) : 788355 MU
• Supply Demand Gap : 9.8 % Peak
: 8.5% Average
• Per Capita Power Consumption : 850 kWh
Upto
year
2012

11. Per Capita Energy Consumption In India
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
USA
China
RussianFederation
Japan
India
Germany
Canada
France
UnitedKingdom
SouthKorea
WorldAverage
Low Per
Capita
Income

12. Conclusion
• India’s Energy uses and emissions are low compared to industrialized
countries…. BUT
• We need to search for Sustainable development options for India, quickly
due to factors like
Constraints on energy use, arising from
• (a) limited domestic energy resources,
• (b) climate constraints, and
• (c) land, water and social issues related to energy projects
Development,
Energy and
Climate

13. Reduce Energy Requirement.
Indian economic growth, well-being of people is constrained by
energy.
Large potential of Energy Efficiency needs to be actualized
 Link energy tariff to energy consumption norm for Commercial buildings
 Industry: discourage inefficient plants from setting up
 Appliances: Assist manufacturers to introduce Super Efficient Appliances
(as poor Indian consumers are very cost sensitive)
Save
Energy