Unit 1 web technology uptu slide

1. Web Technology
(NCS-504)
Prepared By
Mr. Abhishek Kesharwani
Assistant Professor,UCER Naini,Allahabad

2. Introduction and Web Development Strategies
World Wide Web:
The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext
documents accessed via the Internet. Web is a huge collection
of pages of information linked to each other around the globe.
History of WWW:
• WWW is created by Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989 at CERN in
Geneva.
• In 1990, the first text only browsers were setup and CERN
scientist could access hypertext files and other information at
CERN. HTML was based on a subset of the standard
generalized markup language (SGML). To transfer HTML
document to remote sites a new protocol was devised called
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol).

3. • In the fall of 1991, conference goes around the world
started hearing about the promise but sparks still
were not flying.
• In 1993, there are only about 50 websites world
wide. A browser that allowed user to take advantage
of the web’s graphical capabilities was developed at
the National center for Super Computing
application (NCSA). NCSA called the browser
Mosaic.

4. Protocols Governing Web
Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules that is used to
communicate applications to each other.
OR
A protocol is the interface required for communicating the
different applications.
Classification:
a. HTTP
b. TCP/IP
c. FTP
d. SMTP
e. TELNET

5. HTTP
HTTP: HTTP is the primary protocol used to distribute
information on the web.
Initial HTTP 0.9 does not allow for content typing and
does not have provisions for supplying meta-
information.
Content Typing: To identify the type of data being
transferred.
Meta Information: It is supplemental data, such as
environment variables that identify the client’s
computer

6. • TCP/IP: It is a set of rules that an application
can use to package its information for sending
across the networks of networks.
• FTP: It is used to transfer the files over
networks.
FTP uses TCP to create a virtual connection
for control information and then creates a
separate TCP connection for data transfers.
The control connection uses an image of the
TELNET protocol to exchange commands and
messages between hosts.

7. • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is
an Internet standard for electronic mail (e-
mail) transmission across Internet
Protocol (IP) networks.
• Telnet: Telnet lets you remotely log into
another system and browse files and
directories on that remote system.

8. Comparison between traditional project and web project:
Web Projects
1. Project managers are not client.
2. Often beta technologies are used
for testing, often without tech support.
3. Pricing model for web projects does
not exist.
4. Team roles are less specialized.
5. Clients are often unwilling to bear
the cost of web development.
6. Standards for web projects do not
exist.
7. Project manager’s responsibilities
are very broad.
Traditional Projects
1. They are always different.
2. It is not applicable in this case
3. It do exist for traditional projects.
4. More specialized.
5. Difficult of traditional projects.
6. Standards for traditional projects
exist.
7. Not true for these projects.

9. Web Development Strategies

10. 1. Strategy:
· Goals and objectives
· Team building
· Research and review
· Project proposal

11. 2. Design and Specification:
· Developing concept
· Content planning
· Rough design
· Final design
3. Produced desired Result:
· Build prototype
· Prototype testing
· Original design
· Satisfy the clients need

12. 4. Testing and maintenance:
· Test the code
· Maintain the web server.
5. Register with ISP:
· Register domain name
· Get web space
6. Launch:
· Connect domain name with web server
· Finally host the web accordingly.

13. Connecting to Internet
• All modern computers and laptops are
capable of connecting to the internet, as are
many other devices, including mobiles,
tablets, e-readers, televisions, video games
consoles.
• There are two ways of getting the internet at
home. The most popular way is to have your
telephone line (also known as a ‘landline’)
converted to broadband so that it can carry
normal phone calls and internet data at the
same time.

14. • if you don’t have a landline or if you want to
be able to use the internet when you’re out
and about, you might prefer mobile internet
from one of the mobile network providers.
This can be used anywhere there’s a mobile
signal but does tend to be slower and more
expensive than broadband through a landline.

15. Step-by-Step instructions to connect
to the internet
• Step 1: Choose an internet service provider (ISP).
This could be the company that provides your
telephone line or it could be one of the many
independent providers.
• Step 2: Having chosen an ISP and signed the
contract, you’ll have to wait a few days while your
line is converted to broadband. During this time, you
should receive a letter with your username and
password and the hardware you’ll need: a small box
called a 'router' and its attachments.

16. Step 3: Once you’re told that your broadband is
active, you can set up your router. It should
have come with three cables:
• a network cable to connect the router to your computer
• a power cable
• a cable that will go between your router and a micro filter
• Plug one end of the network cable into the appropriately
shaped socket in the router, and the other end in a similarly
appropriately shaped socket in your computer.

17. • Step 4: When you get the router, you should
also receive a CD. Once you’ve set up the
router, all you need to do is put the CD into
your computer and follow the step-by-step
instructions. Create the broadband
connection.

18. Types of Internet Services
• World Wide Web
• Telnet
• Electronic Mail
• FTP - File Transfer Protocol
• Chat
• Email
• Newsgroups

19. Client-Server Computing

20. Client-Server Computing
• Client/server computing is a software engineering
technique often used within distributed computing
that allows two independent processes to exchange
information, through a dedicated connection.
• Client/Server computing is NOT having one computer
set up as a server and having another computer set
up as a client.
• Client and server software components also can
communicate with each other when they are
installed on the same computer.

21. • Most client/server software components are
set up to communicate with a peer process
over a virtual, direct channel.
• Client/Server computing is NOT concerned
directly with communications over the
network. That is, C/S is not interested in the
intricacies of how one machine communicates
with another, or with how the bits are pushed
through the coax. The very same network
components may be used by both client and
server software components.

22. The client's responsibility is usually to:
1. Handle the user interface.
2. Translate the user's request into the desired
protocol.
3. Send the request to the server.
4. Wait for the server's response.
5. Translate the response into "human-readable"
results.
6. Present the results to the user.

23. The server's functions include:
1. Listen for a client's query.
2. Process that query.
3. Return the results back to the client.

24. Client/Server interaction goes like this:
• The user runs client software to create a query.
• The client connects to the server.
• The client sends the query to the server.
• The server analyzes the query.
• The server computes the results of the query.
• The server sends the results to the client.
• The client presents the results to the user.
• Repeat as necessary.