drugs induce vomiting

2. DEFINITION
“Drugs that produce or induce vomiting are called
emetics”
VOMITING-
 It is the forceful expulsion of the contents of the
stomach via mouth or sometimes nose.
 Vomiting reflex is stimulated by two centers in the
medulla-
– Vomiting center
– Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)

3. CTZ stimulated by-
• Excessive stomach distention.
• Increasing ICP by direct stimulation.
• Stimulation of the vestibular receptors in the inner ear.
• Direct stimulation by various chemicals including
fumes, certain drugs, and debris from cellular death.
• CTZ stimulated by several different process and
initiates a complex series of responses like first prepare
for vomiting and then cause strong backward
peristalsis to rid the stomach of it’s content.

4. MODE OF ACTION OF EMETICS
• They stimulate chemoreceptor trigger zone and
gastric mucosa to induce vomiting.
• To treat poisoning.
• To induce vomiting
• Over dose treatment of drugs.
INDICATION

5. • Hernia
• Severe heart disease
• Peptic ulcer disease
• Pulmonary TB
• Unconscious patient
• Kerosine (petroleum product) poisoning.
• History of seizures
CONRAINDICATION

6. • Arrhythmias
• Diarrhoea.
• Cardiotoxicity.
• Drowsiness.
• Emetics reduced their effects when used with
activated charcoal.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
DRUG INTERACTION

7. CLASSIFICATION OF EMETICS
1) Stimulants of CTZ-
a) Apomorphine
b) Morphine
2) Irritants of gastric mucosa-
a) Mustard
b) Sodium chloride
3) Both stimulant and irritant effect-
a) Ipecacuanha
b) Digitalis

8. APOMORPHINE
• Morphine derivative
• Dose 5-6 mg (IM/SC)
• Acts within 5 min.
• Volatile oil.
• It is household remedy to induce vomiting.
• Safe and easily available.
• Dose 1 teaspoon with water
MUSTARD

9. • Homeopathic medicine , dried root of cephaelais
ipecacuanha( grass)
• Syrup ipeca 15-30 ml (Adult), 10-15 ml (child)
• Acts within 15 minutes.
IPECACUANHA

10. NURSING RESSPONSIBILITY
• Assess the consciousness level of drug before
administration of drug.
• Obtain history to find out cause of poisoning,
ingested substance and to determine possible
antidotes.
• Ipecac syrp may produce cardiac toxicity.
• Gastric lavage is necessary if second dose doesn’t
produce vomiting.