1) The document summarizes Key Concept 6.3 from the APUSH curriculum about new cultural and intellectual movements during the Gilded Age, including social Darwinism and the Gospel of Wealth, as well as alternative visions like agrarianism, socialism, and the Social Gospel. 2) It also discusses the political debates of the late 19th century around issues like citizenship, corruption, and the relationship between business and government. Republicans and Democrats disagreed on tariffs and currency issues. Women and African Americans advocated for greater rights and equality. 3) The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision in 1896 upheld racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine, severely limiting gains made by African Americans