Dyslexia in children

The Rotary Club of Chennai East RA Puram
Rotary International District 3230
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Imagine the shame of 27 year old young man who is not able to write a
cheque because he does not know how to spell the word twenty.

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Imagine the embarrassment of a 7 year old girl who cannot read at the
same level as her peers.

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Imagine enduring the shock of a 17 year old student who is unable to get
through his high school Exams

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Imagine the stress poor Beth will have when she reads:
GOD as DOG
69 as 96
d as b
Mug as Gum
And her classmates laugh at her

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These are some of the frustrating experiences individuals go through every day.
They all suffer from …..

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One in every ten child is a dyslexic

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With this immense number, an understanding of
Learning Disabilities / Dyslexia is necessary.

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What is Dyslexia?
The word 'dyslexia' is originally Greek and means 'difficulty with words'.
Dyslexia is a congenital and developmental condition that causes
neurological anomalies in the brain.
It includes a range of types of learning difficulties where a person of
normal intelligence has persistent and significant problems with
reading, writing, spelling and sometimes mathematics and musical
notation.
In the past, dyslexia wasn't a recognized condition. Sadly, some
children affected were labeled as lazy, stupid or lacking in
concentration.
Dyslexia isn't a sign of low intelligence - people of all academic abilities
have been dyslexic and they may not have difficulties in any other area.

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What causes it?
Everyone's brain has a left side and a right side.
The right side controls the creative and artistic skills. The left side
controls logic and maths skills.
Many dyslexic people have a slightly larger right side of the brain
which makes them very creative, musical, sporty and good at problem
solving.

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What are the symptoms?
• Have a hard time noticing sounds in words, sound order, rhymes, or
syllable sequences.
• Difficulty with word Identification.
• Difficulty Spelling.
• Difficulty with number and letter sequences, either read or written
(Ex. 12-21)
• Bad reading comprehension
• Difficulty expressing thoughts in written form.
• Delayed Speech
• Incomplete interpretation of speech heard.
• Difficulty expressing thoughts out loud.
• Difficulty with directions (right and left, up and down, early and
late, yesterday and tomorrow, months and days.)

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What are the symptoms? .. Contd..
• Confusion about right and left handedness.
• Similar difficulties among relatives.
• Difficulty with handwriting.
• Difficulty in mathematics-sequencing of numbers and directional
steps, or the language of math.
• Difficulty staying organized.
• More aware of their environment.
• More curious than average
• Think in pictures than words
• Highly intuitive and insightful
• Think in a multi-dimensional way
• Vivid imaginations
• Dyslexics can experience thought as reality
• Their IQ is normal or above normal

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Why this happens ?
Children with
dyslexia display
higher right
hemisphere
activation in
visual task
A person’s brain with dyslexia is wired (connected) differently and
works differently

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Phonological
processing in
children with
dyslexia and
children without
dyslexia
Why this happens ?

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How to find if my child has dyslexia?
• Is your child experiencing feelings of failure at
school?
• Does your child have difficulty with spelling?
• Does your child confuse left and right?
• Is anyone in your family left handed?
• Does your child have trouble reading?
• Does your child get confused while following
directions, for example when playing a game?
• Does your child have difficulty remembering the
multiplication tables?

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How to find if my child has dyslexia?
• Is your child
• Reading slowly, hesitantly with omissions and additions of words?
• Missing lines or often going back to the previously read lines?
• Mixing up numbers and often, such as 12 for 21, 6 for 9, b for d and
p for q?
• Inverting numbers, letters for example E for 3, I for j?
• Bright and alert in matters not connected with reading and spelling?
• Using his fingers for calculations even when over 9 years?
• Clumsy?
• Accident-prone?
If the answers to several of the above questions is "Yes", and
the child is above 8 years it is quite possible that the child
has DYSLEXIA.
Remember you have to take immediate action.

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How dyslexia affects?
• At school it can cause problems, as a lot of
importance is placed on reading and writing.
• If nobody realizes that you have dyslexia it may seem
that you are not very clever or just being lazy - this
can make going to school very upsetting.
• Dyslexics enter the school system and quickly begin
to realize they are not the same as other children.
Their self-esteem usually suffers tremendously..
• Dyslexia is neurologically based and runs in families.
Although it does not affect the body like Blood
pressure or Diabetic do,
it affects every day life.
• As Dyslexia makes it difficult to read, write and
perform math. Dyslexics must learn methods of
coping with dyslexia. Also they must choose
professions in which dyslexia does not interfere: like
art, sports, architecture, engineering, etc.

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How to treat dyslexia?
• It's not possible to prevent dyslexia but early recognition can help.
• With proper diagnosis and tailored educational methods, people with
dyslexia can achieve their full academic potential and go on to enjoy
very successful careers.
• Diet and practical strategies (such as using spectacles with colored
lenses) can also help
• Dyslexia is present at birth but is usually not evident until the child
begins learning to read.
• People usually get dyslexia through heredity.
• There is no cure for dyslexia but it can be treated.
• Dyslexics can get special education.
• Special educations teach dyslexics techniques of learning with dyslexia
and coping with it.
• Many dyslexics are home schooled.
• Ideally, all children should be screened in kindergarten-to
minimize educational delay

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Why Screen for dyslexia?
• Dyslexia is the commonest
developmental disorder
• Genetic in origin so can only be
remediate, not cured.
• Appropriate teaching support
relieves the reading difficulties
like reading, phonological skills,
spelling, confidence
• Lack of support leads to
continuing failure - cumulative,
corrosive, emotional scars
• The earlier support can be
provided, the more cost-
effective it will be.

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Myths about Dyslexia
Dyslexia is :
• It is not A Disease
• It is not Curable
• It is not “Life threatening”
• It is not Simple
• It is not slow learning
• It is not mental retardation
• It is not because of problems with hearing
• It is not because of problems with vision
• It is not because of lack of schooling
• It is not because of English being the second language
• It is not because of a primary emotional disturbance
• It is not that if you have the condition then you will never achieve

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Facts about Dyslexia
• “Dyslexia is a disorder manifested by difficulties in learning to read,
despite conventional instruction, adequate intelligence and socio-
cultural opportunity”
• Level of Dyslexia differs from person to person
• Students with Dyslexia often have to put many more hours into their
course work than normal persons do.
• “Teaching a person with dyslexia is like trying to make a sharp imprint
in dry sand”

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Do not loose heart…
There are many who succeeded in life in spite of suffering from Dyslexia

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Political Leader
Thomas Jefferson
John F. Kennedy
George Washington
Winston Churchill
Musicians
Cher
John Lennon
Law and
Justice
Erin Brockovich
Inventor/Scient
ist
Thomas Edison
Albert Einstein
Filmmakers
Walt Disney
Sports
Mohamed Ali
Entertainers
Fred Astaire,
Tom Cruise
Harrison Ford,
Whoopie
Goldberg, Jay
Leno,
Robin Williams
Famous people with Dyslexia

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Concessions available in India for Dyslexics
• Extra examination time
• Can appoint a scribe
• No mark reduction for spelling or grammatical mistakes
• Exemption from second language
• Permitted to use calculators in examinations

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Dyslexia Awareness Program of
Rotary Club of Chennai East RA Puram
Rotary International, District 3230
www.rcera.org
Prepared by Rtn. Mohanakannan P.

Dyslexia in children

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