Speaking in Groups

Speaking in and
for Groups

Working in Groups

Presenting Group Thinking

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Speaking in and for Groups > Working in Groups

Working in Groups
• Leadership in Groups
• Responsibilities in Group Work
• Reflective Thinking

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Leadership in Groups
• There are three main leadership styles: Laissez-faire, Democratic, and
Authoritarian. A leader's style and involvement may fall anywhere along the
continuum.
• It is the group leader's job to unite group members in working toward a common
goal, keep them motivated, diffuse conflict, and ultimately deliver success.
• Excellent communication can be the key to successful group work. When
messages are properly understood and all group members feel they are being
heard, the group's goal can more easily be accomplished and conflict is less
likely.

Civil rights leaders meet with President Johnson
View on Boundless.com

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Responsibilities in Group Work
• Assigning group members roles can help alleviate uncertainty about expected
responsibilities and help keep the group on task such as leader, scribe, devil's
advocate, and tracking lessons learned.
• Group member responsibilities include holding themselves accountable,
participating in group activities to achieve the overall goal, and respecting all
members of the group.
• Each group member has something uniquely valuable to bring to the table.
Allowing group members to use their strengths and bring their individual
knowledge and backgrounds to the project will allow the group to function to its

full potential.

Group Work

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Reflective Thinking
• Reflective thinking requires scientific analysis of a problem and
using empirical knowledge to make decisions.
• According to John Dewey, a disciplined mind is necessary to gain knowledge and

obtain true intellectual freedom.
• When group members use reflective thinking, they are able to use the scientific
method to reach logical decisions and understand the strength of the group based
on individual competencies.

John Dewey

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Speaking in and for Groups > Presenting Group Thinking

Presenting Group Thinking
• Group Presentation Formats
• Thoughts for Group and Individual Presenters
• Preparing for Team Presentations

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Group Presentation Formats
• A panel format is a discussion between group members led by a moderator.
• A divided presentation is a sequence of individual presentations by group
members.

• A debate format presents two sides of an issue and reasons for and against each
side.

Panel Discussion

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Thoughts for Group and Individual Presenters
• The first speaker should introduce the entire presentation. After that, each
speaker should introduce the next and transition with a preview of their topic.
• Each presenter should make eye contact with the audience and move to the front

of the group when it is his or her turn to speak. The last speaker should then
conclude the entire presentation.
• When preparing the presentation, the group should check each individual's work
for consistency of information and formatting. Group members should answer
audience questions as a team with no one member dominating.


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Preparing for Team Presentations
• The model for understanding team processes can be grouped into three
categories: transition, action, and interpersonal.
• Teamwork processes examine interpersonal interactions between group

members, which can be used as strategies for successful presentations.
• Another approach to the dynamics of a team presentation involves looking
specifically at the strategies that guide interactions between group members
throughout the team effort.
• Establishing ground rules, coordinating meeting times, and effectively resolving
disputes are some methods used to build effective teams and group

Group presentation

presentations.


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Appendix

Speaking in and for Groups

Key terms
• consistency correspondence or compatibility (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• continuum a continuous series or whole, no part of which is noticeably different from its adjacent parts, although the ends or
extremes of it are very different from each other (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• format The form of presentation of something. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• forum A form of discussion involving a panel of presenters and often participation by members of the audience.

(CC BY-SA 3.0)

• group think A process of reasoning or decision - making by a group, especially one characterized by uncritical acceptance or
conformity to a perceived majority view. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• process A series of events to produce a result, especially as contrasted to product. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• Rapport a relationship of mutual trust and respect (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• scientific method A method of discovering knowledge about the natural world based in making falsifiable predictions
(hypotheses), testing them empirically, and developing peer-reviewed theories that best explain the known data. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• strategy A plan of action intended to accomplish a specific goal. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• symposium A conference or other meeting for discussion of a topic, especially one in which the participants make
presentations. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• transition The process of change from one form, state, style, or place to another. (CC BY-SA 3.0)



Civil rights leaders meet with President Johnson

Wikipedia. "Lyndon Johnson meeting with civil rights leaders." Public domain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lyndon_Johnson_meeting_with_civil_rights_leaders.jpg View on Boundless.com


Group Work

Flickr. "All sizes | working on the easel | Flickr - Photo Sharing!." CC BY-SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/maximalideal/4736054848/sizes/m/in/photostream/ View
on Boundless.com


John Dewey

Wikimedia. "John Dewey in 1902." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Dewey_in_1902.jpg View on Boundless.com


Panel Discussion

Wikimedia. "Flickr - NewsPhoto! - Debat socialisme 2.0 (1)." CC BY http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flickr_-_NewsPhoto!_-_Debat_socialisme_2.0_(1).jpg


Wikimedia. "Tuskegee Airmen presentation." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tuskegee_Airmen_presentation.jpg View on Boundless.com


Group presentation

Flickr. "All sizes | Final group presentations | Flickr - Photo Sharing!." CC BY-SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/wlscience/3859596223/sizes/l/ View on
Boundless.com


A well-known company is disorganized, with no vision or
comprehensive business goals. This company would best benefit
from which type of leadership?
A) Laissez-faire leadership

B) Authoritarian leadership

C) Democratic leadership

D) All of these answers.



A well-known company is disorganized, with no vision or
comprehensive business goals. This company would best benefit
from which type of leadership?
A) Laissez-faire leadership

B) Authoritarian leadership

C) Democratic leadership

D) All of these answers.

Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/


a continuous series or whole, no part of which is noticeably
different from its adjacent parts, although the ends or extremes of
it are very different from each other
A) continuum

B) phenomena

C) Reflection

D) dynamics



a continuous series or whole, no part of which is noticeably
different from its adjacent parts, although the ends or extremes of
it are very different from each other
A) continuum

B) phenomena

C) Reflection

D) dynamics

Wiktionary. "continuum." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/continuum


a relationship of mutual trust and respect

A) phenomena

B) Reflection

C) Rapport

D) dynamics



a relationship of mutual trust and respect

A) phenomena

B) Reflection

C) Rapport

D) dynamics

Wiktionary. "Rapport." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Rapport


A process of reasoning or decision - making by a group,
especially one characterized by uncritical acceptance or
conformity to a perceived majority view.
A) continuum

B) Rapport

C) group think

D) scientific method



A process of reasoning or decision - making by a group,
especially one characterized by uncritical acceptance or
conformity to a perceived majority view.
A) continuum

B) Rapport

C) group think

D) scientific method

Wiktionary. "group think." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/group+think


Sally is working on a class project with four other group mates.
Even though Sally privately disagrees with using a law firm as
their project's case study, she goes along with the group's
decision. Sally's behavior can be best described as
A) groupthink.

B) social loafing.

C) accountability.

D) brainstorming.



The group member responsible for tracking and documenting both
the positive and negative outcomes of meetings and projects is
referred to as the
A) Leader.

B) Devil's Advocate.

C) Lessons Learned tracker.

D) Scribe.



Reflective thinking in group settings allow for intellectual decisions
based on
A) comparing and contrasting group members' interpretations of the
project experience to select the best solution.
B) comparing the strengths and weaknesses of the group to select the
best solution.

C) assessing the competencies and assumptions of the individuals to
select the best solution.
D) defining a problem and using concepts based in logic to select the
best solution.



A method of discovering knowledge about the natural world based
in making falsifiable predictions (hypotheses), testing them
empirically, and developing peer-reviewed theories that best
explain the known data.
A) scientific method

B) Rapport

C) continuum

D) group think



A method of discovering knowledge about the natural world based
in making falsifiable predictions (hypotheses), testing them
empirically, and developing peer-reviewed theories that best
explain the known data.
A) scientific method

B) Rapport

C) continuum

D) group think

Wiktionary. "scientific method." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scientific+method


Which of the following best describes a symposium?
A) A format in which the presenters talk to each other in addition to the
audience.

B) A collection of individual presentations covering a broad topic.

C) A debate conducted by teams of two people alternating speeches for
their side.
D) An individual presentation by a designated leader of a group's
thoughts and findings on a topic.



A form of discussion involving a panel of presenters and often
participation by members of the audience.
A) consistency

B) process

C) strategy

D) forum



A form of discussion involving a panel of presenters and often
participation by members of the audience.
A) consistency

B) process

C) strategy

D) forum

Wiktionary. "forum." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/forum


A conference or other meeting for discussion of a topic, especially
one in which the participants make presentations.
A) symposium

B) process

C) consistency

D) strategy



A conference or other meeting for discussion of a topic, especially
one in which the participants make presentations.
A) symposium

B) process

C) consistency

D) strategy

Wiktionary. "symposium." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/symposium


The form of presentation of something.

A) Rapport

B) phenomena

C) oral

D) format



The form of presentation of something.

A) Rapport

B) phenomena

C) oral

D) format

Wiktionary. "format." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/format


When giving a group presentation, the last person to speak
should
A) open with an introduction to the whole presentation.

B) act as the leader during a Q&A session.

C) All of these answers.

D) present a conclusion for the whole group.



The process of change from one form, state, style, or place to
another.
A) audience

B) brainstorming

C) reiterate

D) transition



another.
A) audience

B) brainstorming

C) reiterate

D) transition

Wiktionary. "transition." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/transition


another.
A) informative speech

B) wisdom

C) topic outline

D) transition



another.
A) body language

B) transition

C) sentence outline

D) detour



another.
A) anecdote

B) body language

C) commemorative speech

D) transition



another.
A) anecdote

B) detour

C) draft

D) transition



correspondence or compatibility

A) forum

B) consistency

C) format

D) strategy



correspondence or compatibility

A) forum

B) consistency

C) format

D) strategy

Wiktionary. "consistency." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/consistency


Which of the following is one of the action processes?

A) Assure that roles and responsibilities are being fulfilled.

B) Formulate an approach to achieving the goals and mission.

C) Identify and resolve disputes.

D) Motivate and build confidence, while maintaining high member
performance.



A plan of action intended to accomplish a specific goal.

A) forum

B) consistency

C) strategy

D) transition



A plan of action intended to accomplish a specific goal.

A) forum

B) consistency

C) strategy

D) transition

Wiktionary. "strategy." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/strategy


A series of events to produce a result, especially as contrasted to
product.
A) transition

B) process

C) format

D) forum



A series of events to produce a result, especially as contrasted to
product.
A) transition

B) process

C) format

D) forum

Wiktionary. "process." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/process


Attribution
• Wikibooks. "Survey of Communication Study/Chapter 10 - Group Communication." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study/Chapter_10_-_Group_Communication
• Wikibooks. "Effective Student Organization/Leadership and Communication." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Effective_Student_Organization/Leadership_and_Communication#Ways_to_communicate_effective
ly
• Wikibooks. "Managing Groups and Teams/Effective Team Leadership." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Managing_Groups_and_Teams/Effective_Team_Leadership
• Wikibooks. "Social and Cultural Foundations of American Education/Classroom Issues/Group Work." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Social_and_Cultural_Foundations_of_American_Education/Classroom_Issues/Group_Work
• Connexions. "Collaboration and Learning: Managing Groups." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m16597/latest/
• Connexions. "Realizing Responsibility Through Class Participation." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m13788/latest/
• Wikibooks. "Managing Groups and Teams/Group Dynamics." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Managing_Groups_and_Teams/Group_Dynamics
• Connexions. "Course 3, Chapter 5 - A-REEF: Reflection." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m13304/latest/
• Wikiversity. "Reflective thinking." CC BY-SA http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Reflective_thinking
• Wikipedia. "Presentation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation
• Wikipedia. "Academic conference." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_conference
• Wikipedia. "Public forum debate." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_forum_debate
• Connexions. "Guide for Team Presentations (Course: Principles of Environmental Engineering)." CC BY 3.0
http://cnx.org/content/m15942/latest/
• Saylor. "COMM101: Public Speaking « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY-SA
http://www.saylor.org/courses/comm101/
• Wikipedia. "Shared leadership." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_leadership#Internal_team_environment

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