Informative Speaking

Informative
Speaking

Introduction to Informative Speaking

Effective Informative Speaking

Sample Informative Speech

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Informative Speaking > Introduction to Informative Speaking

Introduction to Informative Speaking
• Defining an Informative Speech
• Types of Informative Speeches
• Subjects of Informative Speeches

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Defining an Informative Speech
• This type of speech uses descriptions, demonstrations, vivid detail, and definitions
to explain a subject, person, or place the audience wants to understand.
• An informative speech makes a complex topic easy to understand or offers a
different point of view.
• Unlike persuasive speeches, an informative speech relies less on pathos and
more on communicating information.

Erik Möller speaking about a visual redesign of
WikiProject main pages in his presentation on
'The purpose-driven social network: Supporting
WikiProjects with technology' at Wikimania 2012.
View on Boundless.com

www.boundless.com/communications/informative-speaking/introduction-to-informative-speaking/defining-an-informative-speech


Types of Informative Speeches
• A descriptive speech helps the speaker create an accurate mental picture in the
mind of the audience regarding a specific person, place, or thing.
• A demonstrative speech describes how to perform an action.
• A explantory speech explains the state of a topic.
• A definition speech explains a concept or theory regarding a topic.

Temple of Concordia

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Subjects of Informative Speeches
• When choosing a subject of an informative speech consider whether you want to
describe, explain, demonstrate or educate the audience about the topic.
• The subject of an informative speech should be one that can be communicated
clearly to an audience.
• When choosing a subject for an informative speech, consider what is the essential
information that an audience should know about that subject.

Lectures

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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking

Effective Informative Speaking
• The Goals of an Informative Speech
• Scope Your Speech
• Tailor Complexity to Your Audience
• Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic
• Make Connections
• Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience
• Make It Memorable
• Utilize Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding



The Goals of an Informative Speech
• One of the goals of an informative speech is to enhance the understanding of the
audience.
• Another goal of an informative speech is to maintain the interest of the audience.
• A final goal of an informative speech is for the audience to remember the speech.

What are your goals?

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Scope Your Speech
• Every piece of information in a speech should relate to the speech topic, purpose,
and thesis simultaneously.
• Audiences have a hard time following or understanding speeches that are too
broad in scope (that is, speeches that include too much irrelevant or tangential
information).
• By keeping all of the information relevant as he or she develops your speech, the
speaker's job becomes easier by keeping all supporting information on point.

Scope out your specific target!

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Tailor Complexity to Your Audience
• Consider the audience that will be hearing your speech.
• Tailoring the complexity of the speech to your audience means considering how
best they receive information.
• Considering how much information your audience already knows should help you
tailor the complexity of your speech.

An audience listens to a speech at a conference

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Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic
• You can make a topic relevant by choosing a timely topic.
• Another way to make a topic relevant is to tell the audience why they should care
about the particular subject of your speech.
• Making a topic relevant for your audience increases the likelihood that they will
remember the information contained in your speech.

Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech
in 1912.

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Make Connections
• Make connections among your ideas so you can connect the ideas into
meaningful groups for your main points.
• Make connections between your interests and the audience interests to motivate
attention during your speech.
• Make connections with transitions to show relationships and join ideas together.
• Make connections with signpost transitions to help the audience organize ideas
by numbering the main points, such as <i>first</i>, <i>second</i>, etc.
• Make connections by using previews before main points and use internal

summaries to connect one idea to what is coming next.

A switchboard staff making connections in 1979

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Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience
• The ability to simplify experiences with a word makes it easier to communicate,
but it also makes us lose the connection to the specific meaning that we want to
convey through the abstract wording.
• When you want the audience to make a concrete connection to their direct
experience, remember to come down to earth on the the abstraction ladder. You
can move up the ladder again to talk about boarder concepts.
• Your objective when choosing words is not to avoid abstract general words
altogether, but rather to avoid using them when your audience needs more
specific,concrete connections to what you are saying.

Ladder

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Make It Memorable
• Use visual aids to help make your speech memorable.
• Repeat key points of your speech to make it more memorable.
• Making your speech memorable is important because it increases the likelihood
that the audience will walk away informed.

An audience clapping at a conference

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Utilize Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding
• Visual aids such as graphs, handouts, slide show presentations, and objects can
help audiences understand complicated subjects. Many people learn visually and
need information provided in this context, as well as orally, to enhance learning.
• A podium can help the presenter provide the audience with necessary information
on a topic by offering a place for the speaker to have cue cards or scripts.
• A microphone is a good way to make sure that everyone in the audience hears
the presentation properly. Wireless headsets allow the speaker to amplify the
presentation while moving about the audience or reviewing visual aids.

• A video screen is a good way to make sure the audience can see the entire
presentation in a large venue.

Visual Aid

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Informative Speaking > Sample Informative Speech

• Sample Informative Speech


Informative Speaking > Sample Informative Speech

• In the late hours of May 1, 2011, President Barack Obama gathered in the East
Room of the White House to address America and the world that Al Qaeda's
highest commander, Osama bin Laden, had been killed via military actions in
Pakistan.
• President Obama gives context by describing the events of September 11, 2001
and bin Laden's instrumental role in that day's events.
• The President shares some details on international intelligence gathering on bin
Laden's current location as well as the decision-making process to proceed with
the military operation on the bin Laden compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
• The President's speech is largely focused on events and processes, two

President Obama's informational speech on the
death of Osama bin Laden

examples of informative speeches. He describes the events of September 11,
2001 and the military operation on May 1, 2011 as well as the process of how that
military operation was carried out.
• The President concludes his speech by thanking the many people involved in the

locating and killing of Osama bin Laden, as well as the patience and resolve of
the American people in the years since September 11, 2001.

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Appendix

Informative Speaking

Key terms
• abstraction The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities.

(CC BY-SA 3.0)

• complexity The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• connection The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of understanding and ease of communication
between two or more people. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• definition A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• definition A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• description A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the
essential qualities of a thing or species. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• excerpt A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a news article, a film, a literary composition, or other
media. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• firefight A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• goal A result that one is attempting to achieve. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• inform To communicate knowledge to others. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• informative Providing knowledge, especially useful or interesting information. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• intelligence A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or
about hostile activities. (CC BY-SA 3.0)



• memorable Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• podium A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra, preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.

(CC BY-SA 3.0)

• relevant Not out of date; current. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• scope The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant.

(CC BY-SA 3.0)

• signpost A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such
as "first" and "finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as “now remember this.” (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• subject A particular area of study. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
• transitions Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how adjacent parts of a communication are connected. (CC BY-SA
3.0)



Erik Möller speaking about a visual redesign of WikiProject main pages in his presentation on 'The purposedriven social network: Supporting WikiProjects with technology' at Wikimania 2012.

Wikimedia. "Erik Möller." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erik_M%25C3%25B6ller;_WikiProjects_page_visual_redesign,_%2527The_purposedriven_social_network_-_Supporting_WikiProjects_with_technology%2527_presentation;_Wikimania_2012.JPG.JPG View on Boundless.com


Temple of Concordia

Wikimedia. "Agrigento1 (js)." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Agrigento1_(js).jpg View on Boundless.com


Lectures

Wikimedia. "Short lecture ." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Short_lecture_.JPG View on Boundless.com


What are your goals?

Wikimedia. "Soccer goal low angle." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Soccer_goal_low_angle.jpg View on Boundless.com


Scope out your specific target!

Wikimedia. "Aims.." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aims..JPG View on Boundless.com


An audience listens to a speech at a conference

Wikimedia. "MobileHCI 2008 Audience." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MobileHCI_2008_Audience.jpg View on Boundless.com


Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech in 1912.

Wikimedia. "Roosevelt on the Stump, 1912." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roosevelt_on_the_Stump,_1912.JPG View on Boundless.com


A switchboard staff making connections in 1979

Wikimedia. "Switchboard Staff, 1979." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Switchboard_Staff,_1979.jpg View on Boundless.com


Ladder

Wikimedia. "Pommon-leiter2." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%253APommon-leiter2.jpg View on Boundless.com


An audience clapping at a conference

Wikimedia. "Conference clapping." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conference_clapping.jpg View on Boundless.com


Visual Aid

Flickr. "All sizes | Chawachawa auf der re:publica 2011 | Flickr - Photo Sharing!." CC BY http://www.flickr.com/photos/republica/5618191851/sizes/z/in/photostream/ View on Boundless.com


President Obama's informational speech on the death of Osama bin Laden

Wikimedia. "Barack Obama annoucing Osama mission." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Barack_Obama_annoucing_Osama_mission.jpg


Providing knowledge, especially useful or interesting information.

A) definition

B) description

C) demonstrate

D) informative




A) definition

B) description

C) demonstrate

D) informative

Wiktionary. "informative." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/informative



A) actuate

B) social proof

C) informative

D) reciprocity



A statement expressing the essential nature of something;
formulation.
A) informative

B) complexity

C) definition

D) subject



formulation.
A) informative

B) complexity

C) definition

D) subject

Wiktionary. "definition." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/definition



A) speech

B) informative

C) toast

D) audience




A) persuade

B) pathos

C) toast

D) informative



In an informative speech it is a good idea to
A) rely on pathos to convince the audience by appealing to their
emotions.
B) use visual aids to give the audience a visual representation of
information in the speech.
C) speak on a subject that your audience already has background
knowledge about.

D) All of these answers.



In an informative speech it is a good idea to
A) rely on pathos to convince the audience by appealing to their
emotions.
B) use visual aids to give the audience a visual representation of
information in the speech.
C) speak on a subject that your audience already has background
knowledge about.


Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/


A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or
representation in language; an enumeration of the essential
qualities of a thing or species.
A) description

B) informative

C) subject

D) excerpt



A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or
representation in language; an enumeration of the essential
qualities of a thing or species.
A) description

B) informative

C) subject

D) excerpt

Wiktionary. "description." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/description


formulation.
A) informative

B) complexity

C) subject

D) definition



formulation.
A) informative

B) complexity

C) subject

D) definition

Wiktionary. "definition." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/definition


A demonstration speech
A) explains how to do something in a step-by-step manner, sometimes
including visualizations.

B) explains the meaning, theory, or philosophy of a topic.

C) creates a vivid picture in a person's mind of an object, person, animal,
or place.

D) gives a description of the state of a given topic.



A particular area of study.

A) informative

B) definition

C) subject

D) description



A particular area of study.

A) informative

B) definition

C) subject

D) description

Wiktionary. "subject." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subject


If you are preparing an informative speech about a famous actor,
you should
A) explain his biography and name the movies he's appeared in.

B) talk about the controversy surrounding his personal life and express
your opinion.

C) give your reviews of his movies.




To make sure the information in a speech is remembered by the
audience, the speaker should
A) use careful organization.

B) use specific repetition of key words or phrases.

C) use focused visualizations.




To communicate knowledge to others.

A) pathos

B) toast

C) inform

D) audience




A) pathos

B) toast

C) inform

D) audience

Wiktionary. "inform." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inform



A) complexity

B) inform

C) relevant

D) connection




A) complexity

B) inform

C) relevant

D) connection

Wiktionary. "inform." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inform


A result that one is attempting to achieve.

A) memorable

B) complexity

C) goal

D) abstraction



A result that one is attempting to achieve.

A) memorable

B) complexity

C) goal

D) abstraction

Wiktionary. "goal." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/goal


The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with
or to which it is relevant.
A) memorable

B) goal

C) connection

D) scope



A) memorable

B) goal

C) connection

D) scope

Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//communications/definition/scope--2


An informative speech should have a narrow and specific scope
because
A) evidence and supporting arguments should be related tangentially.

B) it benefits the speaker by making his/her statements more credible to
the audience.
C) it challenges the audience to retain a lot of information; audiences
appreciate being challenged.
D) when the audience is left wondering what the speaker wanted to
communicate, it fosters discussion.



A) brainstorming

B) scope

C) expert

D) choose



A) brainstorming

B) scope

C) expert

D) choose

Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://www.boundless.com//communications/definition/scope--2


The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.

A) inform

B) relevant

C) complexity

D) abstraction



The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.

A) inform

B) relevant

C) complexity

D) abstraction

Wiktionary. "complexity." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/complexity


You are planning a speech about social networking including a
detailed discussion of code and new programming languages.
Which audience is this speech best suited to?
A) College students

B) Software engineers

C) High school students in an accelerated program

D) Market researchers



Which of the following would be a good speech topic for a mixed
audience of today?
A) 19th Century English literature

B) How new touch screen technology can benefit Alzheimer's patients

C) Hairstyles of the 1980s

D) How the Pony Express revolutionized communication in America



Not out of date; current.

A) complexity

B) connection

C) relevant

D) abstraction



Not out of date; current.

A) complexity

B) connection

C) relevant

D) abstraction

Wiktionary. "relevant." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/relevant


The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of
understanding and ease of communication between two or more
people.
A) connection

B) memorable

C) relevant

D) abstraction



The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of
understanding and ease of communication between two or more
people.
A) connection

B) memorable

C) relevant

D) abstraction

Wiktionary. "connection." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/connection


A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that
indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such as "first" and
"finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as “now
remember this.”
A) signpost

B) inform

C) relevant

D) goal



A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that
indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such as "first" and
"finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as “now
remember this.”
A) signpost

B) inform

C) relevant

D) goal

Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//communications/definition/signpost


Which of the following is an example of how to connect your topic
to audience interests?
A) Group similar ideas together and connect them to the main points in
your speech.
B) Express your own excitement about the topic to help the audience
connect.
C) Use words that give the speech greater cohesion by making it more
explicit.
D) Give introductory previews of what you will say, in addition to
summaries of what you just said.



Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how
adjacent parts of a communication are connected.
A) transitions

B) relevant

C) inform

D) scope



Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how
adjacent parts of a communication are connected.
A) transitions

B) relevant

C) inform

D) scope

Wikipedia. "transitions." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transitions


The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and
organizing using those similarities.
A) goal

B) complexity

C) abstraction

D) relevant



The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and
organizing using those similarities.
A) goal

B) complexity

C) abstraction

D) relevant

Wiktionary. "abstraction." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstraction


In the example below, which word is concrete and specific?"The
residence contains a number of mammals, including a young
mammal and a gray cat."
A) young

B) residence

C) gray

D) mammal



Which of the following best describes the process of abstraction?
A) Create a ladder with the most general word at the top and the most
specific word at the bottom.
B) Find a similar quality of a group of objects, name it, and use the name
to stand for the quality in other objects.

C) Use the most specific examples possible for each situation.

D) Speak using scientific terminology with specialized words when it is
appropriate for your audience.



Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.

A) inform

B) complexity

C) memorable

D) relevant



Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.

A) inform

B) complexity

C) memorable

D) relevant

Wiktionary. "memorable." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/memorable


Which of the following are three techniques for making your
speech more memorable?
A) Repeat key phrases, use visual aids, and let yourself be engaged in
your material.
B) Inform the audience, use amplification, and hold a question and
answer session.
C) Use technology, relate to your audience, and pass around a handout
at the beginning of your speech.
D) Tell the audience there will be a quiz at the end, be creative, and let
your speech be mysterious.



A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra,
preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.
A) podium

B) relevant

C) transitions

D) memorable



A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra,
preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.
A) podium

B) relevant

C) transitions

D) memorable

Wiktionary. "podium." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/podium


Why is a podium helpful to the audience?
A) It helps the audience understand complicated topics with models or
graphs.

B) It allows the speaker to have notes to answer audience questions.

C) It allows the audience to hear the speaker properly.

D) It is helpful to audience members seated far away from the speaker in
a large venue.



"It was nearly 10 years ago that a bright September day was
darkened by the worst attack on the American people in our
history."The preceding quote is an example of
A) a description of processes.

B) giving context.

C) a demonstration.




A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a
news article, a film, a literary composition, or other media.
A) goal

B) abstraction

C) excerpt

D) subject



A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a
news article, a film, a literary composition, or other media.
A) goal

B) abstraction

C) excerpt

D) subject

Wiktionary. "excerpt." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excerpt


A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire.

A) firefight

B) informative

C) signpost

D) inform



A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire.

A) firefight

B) informative

C) signpost

D) inform

Wiktionary. "firefight." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/firefight


A political or military department, agency or unit designed to
gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about
hostile activities.
A) intelligence

B) subject

C) informative

D) description



A political or military department, agency or unit designed to
gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about
hostile activities.
A) intelligence

B) subject

C) informative

D) description

Wiktionary. "intelligence." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intelligence


Attribution
• Wikipedia. "Individual events (speech)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_events_(speech)#Informative
• Wikispaces. "JTEnglish - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://jtenglish.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking
• Text Commons. "Types Of Informative Speeches | Public Speaking." [no BPE content] FLAG CC BY-NC-ND
http://textcommons.org/node/137
• Wikispaces. "Burns-Speech - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking
• Wikispaces. "BrookfieldHS-LMC - Public Speaking Informative Speech." CC BY-SA http://brookfieldhslmc.wikispaces.com/Public+Speaking+Informative++Speech
• Wikipedia. "Prewriting." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prewriting#Narrowing_the_topic
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
• Wikispaces. "Burns-Speech - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking
• Wikibooks. "Rhetoric and Composition/Punctuation." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Rhetoric_and_Composition/Punctuation
• Wikipedia. "Transition (linguistics)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_(linguistics)
• Wikibooks. "Professional and Technical Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professional_and_Technical_Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style#Selecting_Words
• Internet Archive. Public domain
Free to share, print, make copies and changes.
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf Get yours at www.boundless.com


http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
• Text Commons. "Make Your Speech Memorable | Public Speaking." [no BPE content] FLAG CC BY-NC-ND
http://textcommons.org/node/152
• Wikipedia. "Visual aid." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_aid#Visual_Aids
• Wikipedia. "Wasteland Speech." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasteland_Speech
• United States White House. "Osama Bin Laden Dead | The White House." CC BY
http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/05/02/osama-bin-laden-dead


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