SlideShare a Scribd company logo
EARTHQUAKEARTHQUAK
EE
MADE BY :- ADITYA MANRAL
ROLL NO :- 13
CLASS :- VII -B
What areWhat are
Earthquakes?Earthquakes?
 An earthquake is a phenomenon that results from
and is powered by the sudden release of stored
energy in the crust that propagates seismic waves.
Usually associated with faulting or breaking of
rocks.
 At the Earth's surface, earthquakes may
manifest themselves by a shaking or
displacement of the ground and sometimes
tsunamis, which may lead to loss of life and
destruction of property.
What is the Elastic Rebound Theory?
 Explains how energy is
stored in rocks.
 Rocks bend until the
strength of the rock
is exceeded
 Rupture occurs and
the rocks quickly
rebound to an
undeformed shape
 Energy is released in
waves that radiate
outward from the
fault
The Focus and Epicenter of an Earthquake
• The point within
Earth where
faulting begins is
the focus, or
hypocenter.
• The point directly
above the focus on
the surface is the
epicenter.
SeiSmographS
record
earthquake
eventS.
At convergentAt convergent
boundaries, focalboundaries, focal
depth increases alongdepth increases along
a dipping seismic zonea dipping seismic zone
called a Benioff zone.called a Benioff zone.
Where Do Earthquakes Occur and How Often?
80% of all earthquakes occur in the circum-Pacific belt80% of all earthquakes occur in the circum-Pacific belt
 most of these result from convergent margin activity.
 15% occur in the Mediterranean-Asiatic belt.
 remaining 5% occur in the interiors of plates and on
spreading ridge centers.
 more than 150,000 quakes strong enough to be felt are
recorded each year.
The Economics and Societal Impacts
 Collapse of buildings.
 Fires.
 Tsunamis.
 Landslides.
 Destabilization of the base
of some buildings which
may lead to collapse in a
future earthquake.
 Disease.
 Lack of basic necessities.
 Loss of Human life.
What are SeiSmic
WaveS?
 reSponSe of
material to
the arrival of
energy frontS
releaSed by
rupture.
 Two types:Two types:
 Body waves.
 Surface waves.
How is an Earthquake’s EpicenterHow is an Earthquake’s Epicenter
Located?Located?
1. By SeiSmic wave Behavior
 P waves arrive first, then S waves, then L and R
 Average speeds for all these waves is known
 After an earthquake, the difference in arrival times at a
seismograph station can be used to calculate the distance
from the seismograph to the epicenter.
How is an Earthquake’s Epicenter Located?
2. Time-diSTance
graph .
 The average travel
times for P- and S-
waves.
 The farther away aThe farther away a
seismograph is fromseismograph is from
the focus of anthe focus of an
earthquake, theearthquake, the
longer the intervallonger the interval
between the arrivalsbetween the arrivals
of the P- and S-of the P- and S-
waves.waves.
how are The Size and STrengTh of
an earThquake meaSured?
 magniTude
 Richter scale
measures total
amount of
energy
released by an
earthquake;
independent of
intensity.
 Amplitude of the
largest wave
produced by an
event is
corrected for
distance and
assigned a value
on an open-
ended
logarithmic
Can Earthquakes be Predicted?
1. earThquake
precurSorS .
 Changes in elevation or
tilting of land surface,
fluctuations in
groundwater levels,
magnetic field,
electrical resistance of
the ground.
 Seismic dilatancy model.
 Seismic gaps.
Can Earthquakes be Predicted?
2. EarthquakE
PrEdiction
Programs.
 Include laboratory and field
studies of rocks before,
during, and after
earthquakes.
 Monitor activity along
major faults.
 Produce risk assessments.
Can Earthquakes be Controlled?
 Graph showing the
relationship between the
amount of waste injected
into wells per month and
the average number of
Denver earthquakes per
month.
 Some have suggested
that pumping fluids into
seismic gaps will cause
small earthquakes while
preventing large ones.
THANK YOU.

More Related Content

What's hot

Earthquake
EarthquakeEarthquake
Early Prediction of Earthquakes
Early Prediction of EarthquakesEarly Prediction of Earthquakes
Early Prediction of Earthquakes
Saquib Ejaz
 
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinadaEarhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
reddyapo
 
Seismograph
SeismographSeismograph
Seismograph
FRANCA SORMANI
 
Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]
Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]
Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]
kamran1111
 
Mulvey power point for earthquake vocabulary
Mulvey power point for earthquake vocabularyMulvey power point for earthquake vocabulary
Mulvey power point for earthquake vocabulary
harvey09
 
Earthquakes Extra Credit
Earthquakes Extra CreditEarthquakes Extra Credit
Earthquakes Extra Credit
wjetsel
 
Basic seismology
Basic seismologyBasic seismology
Basic seismology
Emanuel Manek
 
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
geographystudents
 
Chapter 8outline
Chapter 8outlineChapter 8outline
Chapter 8outline
jmchenry071
 
Earthquake and its causes
Earthquake and its causesEarthquake and its causes
Earthquake and its causes
jaideep tiwana
 
Seismic Signatures Seismogram
Seismic Signatures SeismogramSeismic Signatures Seismogram
Seismic Signatures Seismogram
Ali Osman Öncel
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
Syed Shah
 
Earth quake resistant structures
Earth quake resistant structuresEarth quake resistant structures
Earth quake resistant structures
Akhil Padiga
 
Earthquake
EarthquakeEarthquake
Earthquake
sanathkumarnbkr
 
Earthquake
Earthquake Earthquake
Earthquake
Deep Charkhawala
 
Earthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i final
Earthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i finalEarthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i final
Earthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i final
DRCHANDRAKANTDORLIKA1
 
EARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKE
suchi4
 
Earthquake Terminology & causes
Earthquake Terminology & causes Earthquake Terminology & causes
Earthquake Terminology & causes
RAMPRASAD KUMAWAT
 
What is seismology
What is seismologyWhat is seismology
What is seismology
Ah Troy
 

What's hot (20)

Earthquake
EarthquakeEarthquake
Earthquake
 
Early Prediction of Earthquakes
Early Prediction of EarthquakesEarly Prediction of Earthquakes
Early Prediction of Earthquakes
 
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinadaEarhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
 
Seismograph
SeismographSeismograph
Seismograph
 
Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]
Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]
Detailed study of Seismic Waves [Research]
 
Mulvey power point for earthquake vocabulary
Mulvey power point for earthquake vocabularyMulvey power point for earthquake vocabulary
Mulvey power point for earthquake vocabulary
 
Earthquakes Extra Credit
Earthquakes Extra CreditEarthquakes Extra Credit
Earthquakes Extra Credit
 
Basic seismology
Basic seismologyBasic seismology
Basic seismology
 
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
 
Chapter 8outline
Chapter 8outlineChapter 8outline
Chapter 8outline
 
Earthquake and its causes
Earthquake and its causesEarthquake and its causes
Earthquake and its causes
 
Seismic Signatures Seismogram
Seismic Signatures SeismogramSeismic Signatures Seismogram
Seismic Signatures Seismogram
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
 
Earth quake resistant structures
Earth quake resistant structuresEarth quake resistant structures
Earth quake resistant structures
 
Earthquake
EarthquakeEarthquake
Earthquake
 
Earthquake
Earthquake Earthquake
Earthquake
 
Earthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i final
Earthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i finalEarthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i final
Earthquake b.sc. sem. i paper i final
 
EARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKE
 
Earthquake Terminology & causes
Earthquake Terminology & causes Earthquake Terminology & causes
Earthquake Terminology & causes
 
What is seismology
What is seismologyWhat is seismology
What is seismology
 

Viewers also liked

Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate VariabilityReview: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
IJRES Journal
 
гбоу школа 1392 презентация
гбоу школа 1392 презентациягбоу школа 1392 презентация
гбоу школа 1392 презентация
oxi2015
 
Metodología de investigación en los Estudios de Traducción
Metodología de investigación en los Estudios de TraducciónMetodología de investigación en los Estudios de Traducción
Metodología de investigación en los Estudios de Traducción
University of Valladolid
 
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...
IJRES Journal
 
Fashion Design - School Projects
Fashion Design  - School ProjectsFashion Design  - School Projects
Fashion Design - School Projects
Bahador Bojnordy
 
Social-Media-Tools für Wissensmanagement
Social-Media-Tools für WissensmanagementSocial-Media-Tools für Wissensmanagement
Social-Media-Tools für Wissensmanagement
oieb
 
3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire
3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire
3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire
DEVELOP
 
To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...
To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...
To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...
Association of Volunteer Managers
 
Measuring Volunteer Impact
Measuring Volunteer ImpactMeasuring Volunteer Impact
Measuring Volunteer Impact
Association of Volunteer Managers
 
Askep fam
Askep famAskep fam
Askep fam
AniSa HaMidah
 
Surga dan neraka
Surga dan nerakaSurga dan neraka
Surga dan neraka
Dr. Maman SW
 
Setting your 'Sales' for Success
Setting your 'Sales' for SuccessSetting your 'Sales' for Success
Setting your 'Sales' for Success
Clarity Thinker
 
When things talk, are we ready to listen?
When things talk, are we ready to listen?When things talk, are we ready to listen?
When things talk, are we ready to listen?
Alexandra Deschamps-Sonsino
 
Horizontal Thinking
Horizontal ThinkingHorizontal Thinking
Horizontal Thinking
Alexandra Deschamps-Sonsino
 
Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...
Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...
Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...
Yannig Roth
 
The End of Ignorance
The End of IgnoranceThe End of Ignorance
The End of Ignorance
Alexandra Deschamps-Sonsino
 
Rangkuman x semester ii
Rangkuman x semester iiRangkuman x semester ii
Rangkuman x semester ii
lisna nurmala
 
Biologi Sel kelas XI
Biologi Sel kelas XIBiologi Sel kelas XI
Biologi Sel kelas XI
Hanifah Nisrina C
 
Concept Map for NHK
Concept Map for NHKConcept Map for NHK
Concept Map for NHK
coscostantan
 
Conserverie doha amb process
Conserverie doha amb processConserverie doha amb process
Conserverie doha amb process
Ziad Yassine
 

Viewers also liked (20)

Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate VariabilityReview: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Review: Nonlinear Techniques for Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
 
гбоу школа 1392 презентация
гбоу школа 1392 презентациягбоу школа 1392 презентация
гбоу школа 1392 презентация
 
Metodología de investigación en los Estudios de Traducción
Metodología de investigación en los Estudios de TraducciónMetodología de investigación en los Estudios de Traducción
Metodología de investigación en los Estudios de Traducción
 
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...
Thesummaryabout fuzzy control parameters selected based on brake driver inten...
 
Fashion Design - School Projects
Fashion Design  - School ProjectsFashion Design  - School Projects
Fashion Design - School Projects
 
Social-Media-Tools für Wissensmanagement
Social-Media-Tools für WissensmanagementSocial-Media-Tools für Wissensmanagement
Social-Media-Tools für Wissensmanagement
 
3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire
3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire
3rd Presentation - Sam Hill, Youth Action Wiltshire
 
To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...
To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...
To What Extent is the Management of Volunteers Similar or Different to the Ma...
 
Measuring Volunteer Impact
Measuring Volunteer ImpactMeasuring Volunteer Impact
Measuring Volunteer Impact
 
Askep fam
Askep famAskep fam
Askep fam
 
Surga dan neraka
Surga dan nerakaSurga dan neraka
Surga dan neraka
 
Setting your 'Sales' for Success
Setting your 'Sales' for SuccessSetting your 'Sales' for Success
Setting your 'Sales' for Success
 
When things talk, are we ready to listen?
When things talk, are we ready to listen?When things talk, are we ready to listen?
When things talk, are we ready to listen?
 
Horizontal Thinking
Horizontal ThinkingHorizontal Thinking
Horizontal Thinking
 
Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...
Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...
Travail ou pas ? L’autonomie des participants au crowdsourcing et ses implica...
 
The End of Ignorance
The End of IgnoranceThe End of Ignorance
The End of Ignorance
 
Rangkuman x semester ii
Rangkuman x semester iiRangkuman x semester ii
Rangkuman x semester ii
 
Biologi Sel kelas XI
Biologi Sel kelas XIBiologi Sel kelas XI
Biologi Sel kelas XI
 
Concept Map for NHK
Concept Map for NHKConcept Map for NHK
Concept Map for NHK
 
Conserverie doha amb process
Conserverie doha amb processConserverie doha amb process
Conserverie doha amb process
 

Similar to Earthquake

Earthquake.ppt
Earthquake.pptEarthquake.ppt
Report by aresta daniel
Report by aresta danielReport by aresta daniel
Report by aresta daniel
sman 2 mataram
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
suresh chaudhari
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
Clara Kwan
 
Final earthquake ppt.ppt
Final earthquake ppt.pptFinal earthquake ppt.ppt
Final earthquake ppt.ppt
DeeptiHAZARI
 
Earthquakes: Introduction and Evaluation
Earthquakes: Introduction and EvaluationEarthquakes: Introduction and Evaluation
Earthquakes: Introduction and Evaluation
Ahmad Hassan
 
EARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAIN
EARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAINEARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAIN
EARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAIN
Hafiz JUNAID
 
Krystal+ross
Krystal+rossKrystal+ross
Krystal+ross
dmslibrary
 
Earthquakes
Earthquakes Earthquakes
Earth quakes
Earth quakesEarth quakes
Earth quakes
Swapna Chinnabathuni
 
Earthquake.pptx
Earthquake.pptxEarthquake.pptx
Earthquake.pptx
Afzal7395
 
Donovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneilDonovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneil
dmslibrary
 
Donovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneilDonovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneil
dmslibrary
 
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of Waves
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory  Types of WavesEarthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory  Types of Waves
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of Waves
Shakeel Ahmad
 
EarthQuakes
EarthQuakesEarthQuakes
EarthQuakes
imam shaik
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
jboyl73
 
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zoneEarthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
Marriel Camacho
 
Earthquake
EarthquakeEarthquake
Earthquake
Soham Koli
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
bovins
 
earthquakes
earthquakesearthquakes
earthquakes
Rajendra Singh
 

Similar to Earthquake (20)

Earthquake.ppt
Earthquake.pptEarthquake.ppt
Earthquake.ppt
 
Report by aresta daniel
Report by aresta danielReport by aresta daniel
Report by aresta daniel
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
 
Final earthquake ppt.ppt
Final earthquake ppt.pptFinal earthquake ppt.ppt
Final earthquake ppt.ppt
 
Earthquakes: Introduction and Evaluation
Earthquakes: Introduction and EvaluationEarthquakes: Introduction and Evaluation
Earthquakes: Introduction and Evaluation
 
EARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAIN
EARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAINEARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAIN
EARTH QUACK AND ITS TYPES BRIEFLY EXPLAIN
 
Krystal+ross
Krystal+rossKrystal+ross
Krystal+ross
 
Earthquakes
Earthquakes Earthquakes
Earthquakes
 
Earth quakes
Earth quakesEarth quakes
Earth quakes
 
Earthquake.pptx
Earthquake.pptxEarthquake.pptx
Earthquake.pptx
 
Donovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneilDonovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneil
 
Donovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneilDonovan flackericmacneil
Donovan flackericmacneil
 
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of Waves
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory  Types of WavesEarthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory  Types of Waves
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of Waves
 
EarthQuakes
EarthQuakesEarthQuakes
EarthQuakes
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
 
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zoneEarthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
 
Earthquake
EarthquakeEarthquake
Earthquake
 
Earthquakes
EarthquakesEarthquakes
Earthquakes
 
earthquakes
earthquakesearthquakes
earthquakes
 

Recently uploaded

Climate change & action required action
Climate change &  action required actionClimate change &  action required action
Climate change & action required action
hando2845
 
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
pareeksulkash
 
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approachesLessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
CIFOR-ICRAF
 
Ch-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdf
Ch-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdfCh-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdf
Ch-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdf
RhemanRaphael
 
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdfRepublic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Abraham Lebeza
 
SOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptx
SOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptxSOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptx
SOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptx
anmolbansal1969
 
Stay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS Testing
Stay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS TestingStay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS Testing
Stay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS Testing
York Analytical Laboratories
 
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...
Aussie Hydro-Vac Services
 
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systemsExploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
CIFOR-ICRAF
 
一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
evtena
 
PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS ( food technology)
PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS  ( food technology)PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS  ( food technology)
PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS ( food technology)
Addu25809
 
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
yxfus
 
Chapter two introduction to soil genesis.ppt
Chapter two introduction to soil genesis.pptChapter two introduction to soil genesis.ppt
Chapter two introduction to soil genesis.ppt
ketema51ak
 
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理
7kvwgv0y
 
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理
aonx8o5f
 
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
astuz
 
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
xeexm
 
Green Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunuty
Green Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunutyGreen Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunuty
Green Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunuty
adrianmaruntelu
 
Call Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls Dehradun
Call Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls DehradunCall Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls Dehradun
Call Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls Dehradun
teenagarg #v08
 
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
astuz
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Climate change & action required action
Climate change &  action required actionClimate change &  action required action
Climate change & action required action
 
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
REPORT-PRESENTATION BY CHIEF SECRETARY, ANDAMAN NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION IN OA ...
 
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approachesLessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
 
Ch-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdf
Ch-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdfCh-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdf
Ch-2-Forest_And_Wildlife_Resources_Full_Chapter_Explanation_pdf_.pdf
 
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdfRepublic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
 
SOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptx
SOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptxSOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptx
SOIL AND ITS FORMATION bjbhjbhvhvhjvhj .pptx
 
Stay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS Testing
Stay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS TestingStay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS Testing
Stay Ahead of the Curve with PFAS Testing
 
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...
 
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systemsExploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systems
 
一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
 
PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS ( food technology)
PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS  ( food technology)PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS  ( food technology)
PACKAGING OF FROZEN FOODS ( food technology)
 
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
 
Chapter two introduction to soil genesis.ppt
Chapter two introduction to soil genesis.pptChapter two introduction to soil genesis.ppt
Chapter two introduction to soil genesis.ppt
 
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理
一比一原版美国堪萨斯大学毕业证(KU学位证)如何办理
 
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证)英国格拉斯哥大学毕业证如何办理
 
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
原版制作(UPSaclay毕业证书)巴黎萨克雷大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
 
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
 
Green Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunuty
Green Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunutyGreen Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunuty
Green Wealth Management - UBS A world of access and opportunuty
 
Call Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls Dehradun
Call Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls DehradunCall Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls Dehradun
Call Girls Dehradun +91-8094342248 Vip Call Girls Dehradun
 
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
 

Earthquake

  • 1. EARTHQUAKEARTHQUAK EE MADE BY :- ADITYA MANRAL ROLL NO :- 13 CLASS :- VII -B
  • 2. What areWhat are Earthquakes?Earthquakes?  An earthquake is a phenomenon that results from and is powered by the sudden release of stored energy in the crust that propagates seismic waves. Usually associated with faulting or breaking of rocks.  At the Earth's surface, earthquakes may manifest themselves by a shaking or displacement of the ground and sometimes tsunamis, which may lead to loss of life and destruction of property.
  • 3. What is the Elastic Rebound Theory?  Explains how energy is stored in rocks.  Rocks bend until the strength of the rock is exceeded  Rupture occurs and the rocks quickly rebound to an undeformed shape  Energy is released in waves that radiate outward from the fault
  • 4. The Focus and Epicenter of an Earthquake • The point within Earth where faulting begins is the focus, or hypocenter. • The point directly above the focus on the surface is the epicenter.
  • 5. SeiSmographS record earthquake eventS. At convergentAt convergent boundaries, focalboundaries, focal depth increases alongdepth increases along a dipping seismic zonea dipping seismic zone called a Benioff zone.called a Benioff zone.
  • 6. Where Do Earthquakes Occur and How Often? 80% of all earthquakes occur in the circum-Pacific belt80% of all earthquakes occur in the circum-Pacific belt  most of these result from convergent margin activity.  15% occur in the Mediterranean-Asiatic belt.  remaining 5% occur in the interiors of plates and on spreading ridge centers.  more than 150,000 quakes strong enough to be felt are recorded each year.
  • 7. The Economics and Societal Impacts  Collapse of buildings.  Fires.  Tsunamis.  Landslides.  Destabilization of the base of some buildings which may lead to collapse in a future earthquake.  Disease.  Lack of basic necessities.  Loss of Human life.
  • 8. What are SeiSmic WaveS?  reSponSe of material to the arrival of energy frontS releaSed by rupture.  Two types:Two types:  Body waves.  Surface waves.
  • 9. How is an Earthquake’s EpicenterHow is an Earthquake’s Epicenter Located?Located? 1. By SeiSmic wave Behavior  P waves arrive first, then S waves, then L and R  Average speeds for all these waves is known  After an earthquake, the difference in arrival times at a seismograph station can be used to calculate the distance from the seismograph to the epicenter.
  • 10. How is an Earthquake’s Epicenter Located? 2. Time-diSTance graph .  The average travel times for P- and S- waves.  The farther away aThe farther away a seismograph is fromseismograph is from the focus of anthe focus of an earthquake, theearthquake, the longer the intervallonger the interval between the arrivalsbetween the arrivals of the P- and S-of the P- and S- waves.waves.
  • 11. how are The Size and STrengTh of an earThquake meaSured?  magniTude  Richter scale measures total amount of energy released by an earthquake; independent of intensity.  Amplitude of the largest wave produced by an event is corrected for distance and assigned a value on an open- ended logarithmic
  • 12. Can Earthquakes be Predicted? 1. earThquake precurSorS .  Changes in elevation or tilting of land surface, fluctuations in groundwater levels, magnetic field, electrical resistance of the ground.  Seismic dilatancy model.  Seismic gaps.
  • 13. Can Earthquakes be Predicted? 2. EarthquakE PrEdiction Programs.  Include laboratory and field studies of rocks before, during, and after earthquakes.  Monitor activity along major faults.  Produce risk assessments.
  • 14. Can Earthquakes be Controlled?  Graph showing the relationship between the amount of waste injected into wells per month and the average number of Denver earthquakes per month.  Some have suggested that pumping fluids into seismic gaps will cause small earthquakes while preventing large ones.

Editor's Notes

  1. CLASS :- VII -B