The document discusses the modulus of rigidity, which is a coefficient of elasticity that represents the ratio of shear stress to displacement per unit length. It describes how to determine the modulus of rigidity through an experiment using an apparatus to apply shear forces to aluminum rods of different lengths and measuring the angle of twist. The conclusion is that the calculated value for the modulus of rigidity of aluminum from the experiment was 28, which is close to the ideal value of 24, and any differences may be due to errors in the experiment.

3. that’s y we are going to discuss……!!

5. Modulus Of Rigidity:
 Modulus Of Rigidity Is The Co-efficient Of Elasticity For A
Shearing Force It Is Define as…
“The Ratios Of Shear Stress To The Displacement Per
Unit Original Length”

6. Uses Of Modulus Of Rigidity:
 Modulus Of Rigidity Is Used To Determine How Elastic
Or Bendable Material Will Be If They Are Sheared , This
Property Plays An Important Role In Calculations .
 Modulus Of Rigidity Is Denoted By G Or U

7. Procedure:
 Set The Apparatus
 Then We Measure The Least Count Of Dial Gaugeindicator
 Then We Measure Different Length Of Aluminium Rod
 Then We Set The Reading Of Dial Indicator At Point 0
 Then Set The Aluminium Rod In The Apparatus And Note The Reading Of Dial




Gauge
Then We Use The Moment Of Inertia By Using Formula
 I=Ω/32 *D4
THEN SET THE ALUMINUM SHAFTS Of Different Lengths In The
Apparatus..
Then Find The Angle Of Twist Of Shaft By Using Formula
 Q=y/S
At The End We Find Modulus Of Rigidity By Using
 G=(T.L)/(T*q)

9. CONCLUSION:
 After Experiment It Is Concluded That , The Ideal Value
Of Modulus Of Rigidity For Al Is 24 & Our Calculated
Value Is 28 Which Is Due To Some Systematic As Well As
Random Error..
Like We May Forget To Tight The Jaws
And May Be Some Of The Environmental Effects..

12. PRESENTED BY:
Waqas Ahmed
ROLL# 12-MC-55