Benefits Of A Fatigue Management Program Essay

Benefits Of A Fatigue Management Program Essay
Our company has operated as the leader in our industry for a long time. We have since fallen behind in regards to our competitors in that, we have not
implemented a fatigue management program. The proposed program will operate at a significant loss ($1.5 million in the first year) with an annual
drop in cost of 10–12%. The cost of the program past year five will be $900,000. With that being said, the possibility of lowering our liability in terms
of potential incidents in the future significantly outweighs the associated costs of our program. Overall, pilots and supervisors have a positive outlook
on the implementation of a fatigue management program. In addition to pilots not being fatigued while on duty, when the research team spoke with
our partner airlines, one of the airlines showed data that demonstrated a 10–15% rise in productivity. Therefore, the following recommendations are
presented to the board:
1.Implement the fatigue management program as soon as possible. The potential gains and liability decrease significantly outweigh the initial financial
burden incurred by our airline.
2.Continue to communicate with our partner airlines, as they will provide essential information pertaining to the implementation of the program.
3.Clear all proposed changes and introductions with the FAA, as they do have the final say in all facets of operation regarding safety.
4.Consult with supervisors around our domestic hubs to determine the best way to implement the program.
The
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4 Elements the Wars Essay
The Wars: Four Elements It was the ancient Greek philosopher, Empedocles, who first established the four elements: earth, water, air and fire. He also
stated that everything in the world is structured by and rooted in these four elements. However during times of conflict and violence, humans begin to
disturb this harmony. When this happens, the elements stop representing life and start representing a form of destruction. Throughout Robert Ross's
journey in The Wars, Timothy Findley exemplifies this theory by displaying the four elements in two diverse ways: benevolent and harmful. Earth is
said to be the feminine element. It is perceived to be nurturing, stable, and full of endurance. The planet itself is a ball of life in which one is... Show
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This comes to no surprise. Like water, life is subject to change. Like water, life is shaped by the places it exists in: the earth, the environment, and
the ecosystems. Throughout his voyage, Robert Ross finds himself in the presence of snow numerous times. For instance, it snows during Rowena's
funeral, "All the time the minister eulogized and all the time they prayed, it snowed" (Finley 18) Robert also stands in the snow at the train station,
much like Mrs. Ross let the snow beat down on her face. Each of these events marks a point of permanent change. Everyone is able to imagine the
scene where the hero looks down and the town below him is awash in flames. Fire is the agent of destruction; symbolism of both chaos and war.
Burning everything in its path, it brings nothing but devastation. "Fire storms raged along the front. Men were exploded where they stood – blown
apart by the combustion" (Findley 137) Staying true to this depiction, fire takes the lives of many during the war, including Robert himself. While
trying to save the horses, Roberts get caught in the barn and the roof "went up in seconds like a tinder box." (Finley 212) Although the flames
claimed the lives of many, at times they also helped give Robert peace at mind. During Robert's stay at Desole, he receives his kit bag which includes
a picture of Rowena. He decides to burn the picture and it is

A Problem for the Aviation Industry Essay
Section 217: A Problem for the Aviation Industry
On a cold February evening in 2009, just outside the city of Buffalo, New York, two pilots crashed a new aircraft on final approach to land into
Buffalo Niagara International Airport. In an effort to prevent an accident of a similar nature from happening, the U.S. Congress passed H.R. 5900, the
'Airline Safety and Federal Aviation AdministrationExtension Act.' This bill under Title II was aimed to enhance airline safety and in part prevent an
accident of this nature from occurring again (U.S. House 2010). Section 217 of the bill pushes the minimum hours required to act as a pilot on a
regional carrier up to 1,500 total flight hours and requires those persons to do an extensive Air ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Asia's economy is booming and this has resulted in the growth of many startup carriers that offer tax–free salaries and free housing for pilots with less
than 1500 hours – a very attractive opportunity. This may cause a potential migration of pilots that would lead to many U.S. airlines having planes but
no one qualified to fly them.
Further contributing to the shortage is that the cost to become a pilot is already expensive, causing low interest in the field; this law would make
it even worse. By calculation, if a potential pilot were to start today, he would probably be facing a debt of between $50,000 and $80,000 just to
receive the flight training required to gain 250 hours (Chatterjee). Added to this is the cost of attending a college with an accredited program.
Potential pilots could be looking at paying well over $200,000 in loans to be able to fly. Before this law passed, pilots were assured that if they worked
hard and passed through all the training received from college and flight school they would be able to become a pilot with one of the regional
carriers and make a small salary while obtaining the required hours for one of the major carriers. Now, even this option has been taken away by the
government because of the new hour requirement. Many pilots will have to look for work at their local airport for two or even three years without a
steady pay in order to get a job which will only

Problematic Issues Caused by Acid Rain Essay
Problematic Issues Caused by Acid Rain
Acid rain has been problematic to the earth's environment for many years in North America. What is Acid Rain? What causes Acid Rain? How is Acid
Rain damageable to the Earths soil? Acid Rain is rain that contains a high concentration of pollutants, chiefly sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, released
into the earth's atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil. (Definition.com) Acid Rain has been known to cause damage to
vegetation and soils, animals and humans. There are two types of Acid Rain: Wet Deposition and Dry Deposition. Wet Deposition refers to acidic rain,
fog and snow. Dry Deposition occurs in dry climates, where acid chemicals may become incorporated into dust or ... Show more content on
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It pollutes the air when bad exhaustion comes out of the tails pipes of a vehicle. Most cities have a law emission test requirement for vehicles that
reside in the city. Rural areas, such as where I live, do not require an emissions test. I believe that every vehicle that is sold to consumers, it is
tested before it is sold. Meanwhile, buses in New Mexico are using natural gas to transport people; it burns clear and regular gas is dirty.
Automobile designers have invented electric cars that do not cause harm to the earth's environment. Hopefully in the far or near future everyone
will be driving electric cars. With the raise of electric cars out on the streets, Can you imagine what our environment would look like? In modern
day society, acid rain has affected vegetations, waters, rocks and animals in various types of environments. Acid rain is very common in forest
types of environments and lakes due to the wind. The wind carries toxins of sulfur dioxide into the clouds where the clouds create either rain or
smog. When the ground/soil is affected by sulfur dioxide, it becomes rotted and the acid rain kills all types of vegetation. Animals living in this
environment loose some sort of food and become poisoned. For example, fish that live in the waters of lakes are harmed by acid rain where the pH
levels become abnormal. When the forests are destroyed, the living creatures and animals will not be able to find any source of food; the wild grass is
one source of

Pilot Shortage In The United States Essay
The Pilot Shortage in the United States In the next 7 years there is an expected surge in the availability of jobs for pilots in the United States. With
the amount of baby boomer pilots retiring there is a traditional way for them to be replaced: The pilots from the lesser paid regional airlines (Delta
Connection, United Express etc. affiliates) interview and move up to the mainline carriers (American, Delta, United) and graduates from flight
programs (Auburn, Embry Riddle, University of North Dakota) take the spots of the regional airline pilots. This system has been the way that civilian
pilots have climbed the career ladder for years and has worked in the past, but currently it is running on borrowed time. The 2000s have been a hard time
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Flightglobal and aviationweek magazine has numerous articles about the issues about the shortage and aviation news in general. The research I
conducted is fairly neutral and many reputable sources have confirmed that there is a pilot shortage. A major limitation is my small sample of
sources. They're hundreds of articles of the topic but I only picked a select few in the interest of time. Another limitation is that some of my sources
are from blogs which are susceptible to being

A Brief Report On Colgan Flight 3407 Essay
February 12th, 2009. A sad day it was in the United States, mostly in the eastern section of the great land. Colgan flight 3407 was set for departure
from Newark, New Jersey set to land in Buffalo, New York. Traffic was significant enough to illuminate plenty of people travelling to Buffalo and
back as a total of 110 recorded flights from different carriers were incoming and going between the two locations. In which seven Continental flights
were bound for the Newark Liberty International Airport from Buffalo Niagra International Airport on the same day. Little did the passengers and
crew members know that Flight 3407 was special. As the plane was approaching the New York area, the cockpit crew observed ice accumulation on
the aircraft's wings. This was an indication of the flight operating in a low temperature area and may have been the cause of the crash. The
accumulation of ice on the wing adds weight to the air–bone body and thus, reduces the lift. Additionally, it also changes the shape of the wing, and
this shape is what gives the lift. During the investigation held by the National Transportation Safety Board, the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) was
examined and found out that the crew did not recheck if the de–ice system installed in the aircraft was operational or not. This was critical due to the
fact that the ice buildup was a mere 6 minutes before the plane crashed. The Flight Data Recorder was brought into account, it stated that the de–ice
system was set in the

Pilot Fatigue Essay
In todays society it is no longer a question but a fact that pilot fatigue is a major threat to flight safety. Fatigue has been cited as a factor in several
accidents and serious incidents in recent years. Over the last decade a substantial amount of research and case studies have been conducted on fatigue
and pilot performance. All of which have scientifically proven that fatigue reduces the physical and mental awareness of one's ability to operate a
plane safely. This is due to the long duty days, circadian disruptions from night flying, time zone changes leading to jet lag, stressors, and insufficient
rest or sleep periods. In general, these studies have shown that a fatigued person may lose up to 80% of his or her attention capabilities... Show more
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It was not until after the February 2009 crash in Buffalo, New York of a Colgan Air plane that the issue of pilot fatigue came under scrutiny. The
National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) stated in their findings that a determining factor of the crash was the role of pilot fatigue. The captain
had reduced sleep opportunities the night before as he stayed overnight in a crew room, and it was noted that he accessed a company computer at
0310. The same was said about the First officer. The First officer was on an overnight transcontinental commute the night prior to her work flight and
was sleeping on airplanes and in crew rooms. Both pilots' performances were undoubtedly impaired due to fatigue. This accident raised major concerns
and prompted the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to revamp decades old rules. In November 2009 the ICAO amended Annex 6 to the
Convention on International Civil Aviation to include a series of standards and recommendations for fatigue management requirements. Shortly
thereafter Transportation Canada (TC), European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA), and India were all
required by ICAO to review their current flight duty time (FDT) requirements to determine if they reflected the latest fatigue

The Unseen Death
The Unseen Death Thailand is an increasingly growing country, with about 60% of the population involved in agriculture (Subhadrabandhu). In the
past few decades it has been making its transition from agricultural based to an industrialized economy has raised concerns to an environmental
degradation. The increasing level of pollution, particularly in the city area causing numerous problems along the way in the past recent years. With
level of life expectancy dropped, health defects and an increasing number of mortality rates. The pollution includes air, water, and noise pollution. With
vehicle emissions and forest fire being among one of the most to cause air pollution. In 2012, a legislation called First Time Car Buyer Tax Rebate
Program has been launched. It has been critiqued for being a huge part of an increasing traffic jams, stretched finances and most importantly the side
effect on publics health. The program was originally aimed for people who are using motorcycles to switch to cars. Also to boost the automobile
industries that has dropped since 2011 after the flood in Thailand. With the boost of the industry, many automotive companies which already have their
facilities manufacture and assemble their cars in Thailand. This causes the level of emission and industrial wastewater to rise. The increase number of
cars and factories also mean the higher level of noise pollution. Which in human not only causes annoyance, if being exposed for a long period of time
can cause

Promoting a Skillful, Safe Cockpit Essay
On a cold February evening in 2009 two years ago, just outside the city of Buffalo, New York, two pilots crashed a new aircraft on final approach to
land into Buffalo Niagara International Airport. In an effort to prevent an accident of a similar nature from happening, the U.S. Congress passed H.R.
5900 the 'Airline Safety and Federal Aviation AdministrationExtension Act.' This bill under Title II was aimed to enhance airline safety and in part
prevent an accident of this nature from occurring again (U.S. House 2010, 3). Section 217 of bill pushes the minimum hours required to act as a pilot
on a regional carrier up to 1500 total flight hours as well as requires those persons to do an extensive Air Transport Pilots examination. Although...
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Asia's economy is booming and this boom has resulted in the growth of many startup carriers that offer tax–free salaries and free housing. The
requirement to fly in Asia is a lot lower than 1,500 and the planes the pilots get to fly are a lot larger, certainly this is a very attractive opportunity.
The potential migration would cause many airlines to have planes but no one qualified to fly them. Also, with the growing economy more people
would have enough money to fly instead of drive. Therefore, more positions would be available for entry level pilots.
In addition, the cost to become a pilot is already expensive causing low interest; this law would just make it even worse. By calculation, if a
potential pilot were to start today he would be probably facing a debt of between $50,000 and $80,000 just to receive the flight training required to
gain 250 hours. (ibtimes) Added to this is the cost of attending a college with an accredited program. Potential pilots could be looking at paying
well over $200,000 in loans to be able to fly. Before pilots were somewhat assured that once they work hard and pass through all the training received
from college and flight school they would be able to become a pilot with one of the regional carriers and make a small salary until the

Trends And Current Problems In Aviation: Cockpit Voice...
Problem statement
One of the most scrutinized pieces of evidence gathered from an aircraft accident is the collection of information contained in the Cockpit Voice
Recorder and Flight Data Recorder. CVRs and FDRs paint an often haunting, but frequently useful picture of what occurred during the last minutes of
an accident flight. This is not to say, however, that the recorders are always conclusive, or even useful. There are a handful of cases where the CVR
and FDR tapes have broken, failed to record, stopped recording early, or not captured enough information to be useful to the investigation.
Advancements in these devices are not new to the industry; however, the pace is slow to incorporate new technology into current fleets. ... Show more
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There is no disputing the fact that black boxes are essential components of civil aircraft today; their job is critical to the investigation of an accident,
however, safety experts would argue that the basic capabilities of these devices are no longer sufficient.
Specifications
The International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO) is a regulatory body, which sets standards for international aviation. ICAO is broken into 18
annexes, and, comparable to international law, they are the very basic requirements that the organization's 185 member states must follow. Annex 6
to ICAO deals with the operation of aircraft and states that CVRs should be capable of retaining the information recorded during the last 30 minutes
of the device's operation. In addition, ICAO has recommended that CVRs installed in aircraft over 5,700kg with a certificate of airworthiness issued
after January 1, 1990 be capable of retaining information recorded during the previous two hours of operation. ICAO suggests that flight recorders be
"constructed, located and installed so as to provide maximum practical protection for the recording in order that the recording information may be
preserved, recovered and transcribed. Flight recorders shall meet the prescribed crashworthiness and fire protection specifications" (Frostell 20). The
FAA has met the recommendations of ICAO and set the following standards for CVRs and FDRs:

Natural Gas Must Be A Hydrocarbon Fuel
Although natural gas could be a hydrocarbon fuel, the global warming emissions from its combustion are much lower than oil.
Natural gas emits 50 to 60 % less greenhouse gas. Considering only tailpipe emissions, natural gas additionally emits 15 to 20 % less heat–trapping
gases than oil when burned in today's typical vehicle
Emissions from smokestacks and tailpipes, however, don 't tell the complete story.
The drilling and extraction of natural gas from wells and its transportation in pipelines, ends up in the leakage of methane, a way more potent global
warming gas than carbon dioxide. Preliminary studies and field measurements show that these questionable "fugitive" methane emissions vary from 1
to 9 % of total life cycle emissions.
Whether natural gas has lower life cycle greenhouse gas emissions than oil depends on the assumed leakage rate, the global warming potential of
methane over different time frames, the energy conversion efficiency, and different factors
Cleaner burning than different fossil fuels, the combustion of natural gas produces negligible amounts of sulfur, mercury, and particulates. Burning
natural gas will manufacture nitrogen oxides, that are precursors to smog, however at lower levels than oil and diesel used for motorcars.
However, despite these advantages, unconventional gas development will have an effect on native and regional air quality. Some areas where drilling
happens have experienced increases in concentrations of unsafe air pollutants

Why Coal Is Responsible For Destroying The World
As far back as the Roman Empire, and indeed probably long before then, coal has been used by humans as a source of heat, providing many advantages
over wood, charcoal and other fuels. However, it wasn 't until the introduction of the steam engine that coal became a major part of shaping the world.
Fueling the industrial revolution, the high energy concentration of coal made it the standard source of everything from trains to power plants. Coal
companies claim that coal, though not perfect, is the best source of energy at this moment, and the negative effects are being mitigated even as we
speak. Consumers have a high demand of energy, that cannot be sated by other sources. To this very day, coal continues to drive forward the world, but
They are focused on finding ways to make coal cleaner for the environment, and have outreach programs to get youth involved in this process as
well. Their main claims are that they "recognize inextricable linkage between energy, the economy and the environment" and "support policies that
promote the use of coal". They resolve these two seemingly conflicting goals by "supporting investments..including capture and storage of CO2
emissions". Coal, they argue, provides the energy security that the United States relies upon. The United States have more coal reserves than the
Middle East has oil reserves, and could power the United States for the next 290 years at the current rate of consumption. Even though Coal is
becoming less relied upon, they expect coal to remain dominant through at least 2040. The reason for this is low energy costs. States with large coal
reserves pay, on average, $0.88 per kilowatt hour (kWh), while states that lack reserves pay $0.1244 per kWh. And outside of the states, consumption
is on the rise. There was a 39% increase in demand by 2012, and they are expecting an 80% increase by 2035. But with all this coal, there is going to
be more emissions. The ACCCE is attempting to develop new technologies to implement, having spent one hundred thirty billion dollars so far and
planning on investing

The Four Elements Of Earth Bending
IВґve always believed that the pillars of planet Earth are the four main elements. Of course I am referring to Air, Water, Fire and Earth. Imagine having
the ability to harness and bend each of these four elements into anything you desire. Each one of these elements has their own different but unique
characteristic. They all have endless possibilities depending on how you decide to use each one of them.
Let us start with the simplest one, the Air element. This element is really basic. Although Air bending sounds really simple there are a lot of things you
are able to do with it. You can create air rushes, tornadoes and other kind of aerial disruptions. However, the most interesting characteristic of being an
Air bender is that you have the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is probably the most complicated one but for me itВґs the best out of every single one. It is only complicated because of all the uses it has. Being
a skillful Water bender has a lot of benefits. You are able to control water, obviously. As you control water you are able to turn this water into ice
and vice versa. Also as a Water bender you have the ability to heal of other people wounds and of course your own wounds. But my favorite use of
water bending is blood bending. This ability as the name implies consists of you having the ability to control the blood of any being either being an
animal or a human being. You can manipulate all of their actions; they are basically puppets to the grand puppet master that you

The Effects Of Alcohol On A Pilot
CONTENTS Introduction to Pilots' Health and Flying Safely 1 The Effects of Alcohol on a Pilot 2 Sleep Deprivation, Fatigue and Performance
Degradation 4 Dangers of Self–Medication 6 Flying with a Common Cold 9 Conclusions regarding Flying with these Health Issues 12 Bibliography
13 HEALTH AND FLYING Introduction to Pilots' Health and Flying Safely This report explains issues regarding pilots' health, their effects on
flying safely, and measures to avoid catastrophes and jeopardising the life of the pilot, their crew and the passengers. Flying and health go together
and a pilot needs to be fully fit to fly. Hence, before undertaking any form training to become a commercial pilot, one has to... Show more content on
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The Effects of Alcohol on a Pilot People drink to unwind and relax, and alcohol alters the mood by reducing inhibitions. All drinkers have experienced
alcohol's short–term health effects, a hangover or poor sleep, but alcohol has long–term effects, often discovered when it's too late. A pilot who has had
a drink shouldn't fly under the influence of alcohol; everyone knows that alcohol and flying shouldn't mix. A small quantity of alcohol in the blood can
impair performance drastically, while relieving anxiety, so that person thinks he/she is performing brilliantly. Alcohol produces adverse effects relating
to the brain, eyes, and inner ear, which are all mission–critical organs for pilots. Effects to the brain include impaired reaction time, judgement,
reasoning, and memory; vital senses for a pilot to perform safely and to the best of his ability. Alcohol reduces the brain's ability to make use of
oxygen, magnifying these effects with simultaneous exposure to altitude, which has a decreased partial pressure of oxygen. Visual symptoms include
eye muscle imbalance, which leads to difficulty focusing and double vision; dangerous for pilots carrying hundreds of passengers, or alone in a light
aircraft. Alcohol affects the inner ear, sometimes resulting in dizziness and increased hearing perception– dangerous for a pilot in a plane. Federal
Aviation Regulation (FAR) 91.17 states that no

Logan International Airport Case Study Essay
Logan International Airport Case Study
MGCR 472: Operation Management
Executive Summary
This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and prospective delay problems of Logan International Airport at Boston, Massachusetts.
Method of analysis includes waiting line simulation and historical data tracking as well as response from both local community and Massport. Results
of the data show that the major causes to delay are broken down in the following:
1. Increasing demand for annual operations
2. Adverse weather conditions, especially the northwest wind which Logan airport is not designed to accommodate at normal capacity.
3. Continuous heavy air traffic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If Turboprops and regional airplanes were to be diverted then their delay time would only be 10 minutes in adverse weather conditions. As the delay
time would be significantly reduced for regional and turboprops in this scenario, we believe that the small planes would be willing to make the
switch. This would also free up capacity by 56% at Logan airport so that the conventional planes would also have a decreased delay time of 22
minutes as compared to an infinite wait time (Figure 2).
However, while this alternative might be favorable in the short term, it is rather unfeasible over the long term as there would be a significant
passenger cost in terms of loss of goodwill. We assume that the loss of goodwill would be similar to the passenger cost of $30.9/passenger/hour and
we include a car rental cost of $9/passenger/hour for a total passenger switching cost of $40/passenger/hour. Passengers would likely be upset at
arriving at a different location resulting in many inconveniences and additional costs incurred. If this happens on a regular basis, Logan airport's
reputation will be hurt and this may adversely affect its revenue as well.
Building a new runway
Building a new runway 14/32 (one end at 320 degrees facing the NW and the other at 140 degree facing the SE) which will situate at the southwestern
edge of the airport is a favorable solution toward the

The Crash Of The Plane Crash
The plane crash occurred on February 12, 2009, approximately 22.17 EST, when the turboprop Bombardier, Colgan Air, Inc., was executing the flight
3407, approaching to the international airport in Buffalo, New York. He crashed into a house in Clarence Center, (NY), five nautical miles to the
northeast of the landing site, killing a man on the earth, the passengers and flight crew. Altogether, this tragedy claimed the lives of fifty people. The
airplane was destroyed after hitting the ground and because of the fire, which started after the crash. That night, adverse weather conditions have been
observed. The forecast for wind up to 15 knots and snow showers. At the same time, the weather documents for crashed Flight did not include any
advice on the airplane management in hard weather conditions, which would have informed the pilot about the specifics of such phenomena. One of
them was the rime icing of the plane caused by decreasing altitude. (National Transportation Safety Board, 2010).
According to the records of the black box (Colgan 3407 NTSB, 2009), the timeline of events indicates that the event occurred quickly and were
extremely few chances that the accident will be avoided. The events explained in the following sequence. The plane was on the instrument landing
near the airport of Buffalo. The engines were running at idle speed. There was a slight icing on the glider, but its' impact was negligible. The autopilot
mode was activated. Airspeed during the decline was

The Watchtowers And Paganism
The Watchtowers The Watchtowers represents the four cardinal directions: North, South , East and West. In many traditions they are also associated
with each of the four classical elements: Air, Fire and Water and Earth. These are the Elements of nature and are forces honored by Pagans and
Witches. The Watchtowers are often referred to as Corners, Quarters, Elements, Elementals and so on. These related titles represents different forms of
energy and holds different meanings.They are seen differently by each induvidual, like with many other things in the Craft or Paganism. The
Watchtowers are being evoked (or invoked) when doing magickal rituals and workings, and they are asked to watch over the circle. Usually the
practitioner faces the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some pracitioners feel that the pentacle represents the four elements and the top of the pentacle representing the Divine, Spirit, Ether or Akasha,
residing above the rest of the Elements. The Watchtowers may also represent and house other beings assosiated with the Directions and Elements for
example Angels or other ethereal beings like Deomons, Fairies and Deities. For example, in magical traditions influenced by Christianity the
Watchtowers are understod to be the Achangels Uriel, Raphael, Michael and Gabriel. Uriel is representing North, Raphael is represting East, Michael
is representing South and Gabriel is representing West. Personally I had no knowledge of the Watchtowers in the earlier assignment. I guess that it
meant the home of the Ancient ones. I have called upon the Elements to assist me in some of my practice, and in some of the guided meditation both
Angels and Elements have been present, but I did not know so much of how they work. Now I have learned more of what they are, the meaning and
the importance of the many types of Beings. I am sure I will work with them in the future, when learning to do more

U.s. Airline Carriers And Canada
Case Situation
Over the past three years, the number of Canadians crossing the border to take the advantage of the cheaper U.S. airline carriers was increasing. The
young adults from 18–24 years old led the way with 32% have down so. Also, survey suggests that the residents from Ontario and British Columbia
were most frequent flyers from the U.S. airports with 23% of the respondents. Canadians make up 88% of the customers at the Fall Airport. YVR and
YWG are estimated to lose nearly 1,000,000 and 250,000 passengers to the U.S. each year respectively. WestJet is affected by this situation in the
price battle. In order to keep its fares competitive, WestJet announced baggage fee, but was received negatively by many customers.
Research ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the end of 2014, the aircrafts in possess are 109 Boeing 737 NG, and 19 Bombardier Q400, which are all short and medium–range narrow–bodied
airliners. We assume that majority of WestJet customers are travelling for leisure, and the determinant of which airline to choose is the price.
Target Market
Demographic Segmentation
30–65+
Midsized families, young couples with children, old couples with grown children
30–80k income
Professional, academic, retired, small business owner.
Geographic Segmentation
Canada
Big cities
Large population size – 250,000+
Urban and Suburban areas
Psychological Segmentation

Working class, middle class, upper middle class
Suburban families, retired couples, single urban professional
Highly organized and detail oriented.
Behavioural Segmentation
Regular, holiday, and seasonal occasion
Looking for customer service and convenience benefits
Regular users, medium to frequent users
Medium to strong loyalty
Positive view of WestJet.
SWOT Analysis
Strength
Condition of fleet
Reliability
Customer service
Make profit every year
Strong alliances
Schedules
Weakness
Ticket prices
Baggage fee
Limited international flights
Expensive international flights
Losing to cross boarder
Opportunities
Convenience
Growing tourism rate
Positive outlook on global air freight industry
Service northern work freight
Canadian airline
Threats

American airports

Aviation Accidents
The world of aviation is a beautiful thing, dominated by massive airplanes powering through the sky. In the United States, almost 900 million
passengers traveled on scheduled airliner service in the year 2016. Take 900 million and add in general civilian flights, and the number passes one
billion people. Having so many people traveling requires a great amount of timing and training to accomplish such an outcome. The text below provides
information on airplane accidents and factors relating to them. The most important factor touched upon in the text is human error. Human error plays a
role in all aviation accidents, and eliminating it is a main focus of the aviation community. Risk assessment and mitigation is a main component to
preventing aircraft accidents. Key Words: Domestic, AOPA, FAA, ATC, Fatality, Mitigation, ADM The last recorded fatality on a U.S.
–certificated
scheduled airline flight was on Feb. 12, 2009, when Colgan Air Flight 3407 crashed in Buffalo, New York. As of the date this paper was composed,
that is almost 9 years ago. In that time, roughly 6.1 billion people have traveled using a domestic airliner, and in that time not a single U.S.–certified
flight has had a fatality relating to a crash. Airplane travel is one of the safest means of travel to date. Yet, the topic of airliner safety is still a pressing
issue, not due to the amount of accidents, but the volume of life that could be lost in one. Aviation training is strict, the amount of

Air Pollution essay
Air pollution has become a major problem in the United States. The agricultural industry must help maintain air quality. By doing that the United States
has started trying to make machines that will help reduce the pollution in the air which will help the environment. One way the United States has tried
stopping air pollution and that is to create a solar powered machine which decreases air pollution. But also there are some ways that the people of the
United States can help stop air pollution.
Air pollution affects the health of people in a major way. The presence of carbon monoxide in the air we breathe causes headache nausea and
suffocation. Tuberculosis, bronchitis and asthma are common in our country due to poor air quality. Dust in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When growing plants the Plants can reduce the air pollution by producing the oxygen which is very important for human life to breathe.
Another solution is that the United States should limit factories how much they should make a year because less smoke means less pollution. Also
that would be sort of a bad thing but if we had less pollution we would have more air. Such as recycling and reusing things like plastic bags so we
don't waste the plastic items. Doing the recycling go green way will help in getting the environment in a better place. Another thing that will help the
environment get different type of gas for cars that is harmless to the environment.
But some ways that we can help the environment are to sometimes ride a bike instead of a car. Doing that will do well for the environment and you
because you are getting a good workout. But a substance in the air that can be harmful to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant. Air
pollutants are the gases such as carbon dioxides. Which mainly come from factories and cars.
Air pollution can be spread volcanic eruptions which send sulfur dioxide, tons of ash, and soot into the air which mixes with water vapor to form
acid rain. Dirt particles can also be carried to the atmosphere during wind erosion. This happens in areas with less vegetation where soil cannot be held
together. Such as on islands for an example Hawaii.
People get exposed to air pollution not just outdoors. Even in

Stop Poisoning Our Water
The PBS documentary, Poison Waters, is a documentary on the disastrous state of America's major water bodies that continue to be polluted by state
governments and companies. The video is a source used to educate the general public on the dangers of pollution and the disastrous effects pollution
will have on the environment. The video exposes a multitude of people and institutions that purposely turn a blind eye to what is going on in the
environment. The main reason the state of the environment is still subpar is due of the lack of interest of the people about what's going on. Due to the
lack of interest there are many preventable problems that exist that are contributing to the depletion of our safe and healthy environment.
Six decades ago, various sea creatures such as oysters, crabs and fishes were in abundance in the Chesapeake Bay, however today fishermen are
struggling to bring in a bountiful harvest due to the level of pollution. The east coast heavily depends on the food able to be harvested from the
Chesapeake Bay. Travel is also a major reason people embark upon the Bay with its easy access to various locations. Humans have over crabbed
and overfished the bay seizing chances for the species to replenish themselves. Another problem is the aptly titled dead zones in the bay which is due
to excess algae. The excess algae sucks up oxygen when it dies killing all the life at the bottom of the bay. Due to the ongoing problem affecting the
health of the bay and its

Association between Air Polluiton and Lung Cancer
Many epidemiologic studies have found an association between ambient air pollution and lung cancer. This evidence lead the International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC) to report air pollution as a category 1 or definite cause of cancer. The IARC reviewed over 1000 studies from five
continents and covering many different scientific fields. They concluded that air pollution is linked to increased cancer incidence, with lung cancer
being the most prevalent (Pope, 2013).
Air pollution occurs when the air is contaminated by foreign substances. These substances can be liquid or solid and they are small enough that they
remain suspended in the air. Some of the substances can be toxic chemicals which can include sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), ozone
(O3), volatile organic compounds and suspended particulate matter (PM).
When talking about air pollution we categorize the particles with the term particulate matter (PM). Suspended particulate matter (PM) is divided
into three groups based on the diameter of the particle. PM2.5 refers to particles with a diameter less that 2.5 micrometers (Вµm), PM10 classifies
particles with a diameter between 2.5 and 10 Вµm, and >PM10 defines particles with a diameter greater than 10 Вµm. The relative risk of
developing cancer as a result of exposure to air pollution is generally small, but the attributable risk (relative risk multiplied by the number of exposed
people) is high. Because exposure is so high ambient air pollution

Understanding the Dangers of Pilot Fatigue
Understanding Dangers of Pilot Fatigue In February of 2009, Colgan Air flight 3407 crashed while on approach killing forty–nine people on board as
well as one on the ground according to the official National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Accident Report (2010). In February of 2008,
go! flight 1002 ignored several radio calls after departure and eventually flew past its destination and continued over open water according to the
NTSB's Report (2009). In April of 2007, Pinnacle Airlines flight 4712 overran the runway after landing at its destination airport. According to the
NTSB's official Accident Report (2008), there were no injuries. The incidents and accidents listed above all have one common factor: fatigue.
Fatigue was shown to have played some role in Colgan 3407, go! 1002, and Pinnacle 4712. According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine
(2013), fatigue is a response that is important and can be caused by physical activity, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep. According to the
Aviation Instructor's Handbook (2008), "Fatigue is one of the most treacherous hazards to flight safety as it may not be apparent to a pilot until serious
errors are made" (p. 8–4). Not only is fatigue a major danger to professional pilots, it can also becomr a serious danger to student pilots as well.
Davisson (2013) believes that learning to fly can be intense because everything learned in the aircraft is new to the student. When in flight training, a
student is

Aircraft Manufacturing Industry : Aircraft Engines
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW The aircraft manufacturing industry consists of completed aircrafts, aircraft engines and engine parts and other aircraft parts
and systems. Completed aircraft manufacturing accounts for over 60% of the aircraft manufacturing industry, the largest sector. Aircraft engines and
other aircraft parts and systems account for smaller equal parts of the industry. Please refer to figure 4. The aircraft segment includes completed large
commercial aircrafts, regional aircrafts, business jets, helicopters and ultra–light aircraft. Completed aircraft manufactures also build completed
aircrafts for the defense department and international defense agencies. The aircraft engine segment also includes the manufacturing of single engine
parts, as well as completed engines. The other aircraft parts and systems segment includes products like propellers, transmission, landing gear, etc.
The aircraft manufacturing industry is a $233 billion industry (Soshkin, 2015). In the past five years the industry as a whole has seen a 7.1% growth
and is projected to have a 4.1% growth through the next five years. The product segmentation of the industry is 63% completed aircraft, 19.1% engine
and engine parts, and 20.6% other aircraft parts and systems (Soshkin, 2015). The industry is a mature industry. Products are sold two ways, to
commercial buyers and to government buyers. Over half of the products sold are sold to commercial buyers, but the most expensive items are sold

Transportation as a Source of Air Pollution
STRATEGIC APPROACH TO REDUCING VEHICLE EMISSIONS IN NIGERIA: ROLE OF FLEET OPERATORS.
BEING A LECTURE PRESENTED BY ENGR. BG IBRAHIM fwc ACM (SED) AT SAFETY MANAGERS TRAINING PROGRAMME AT FRSC
ACADEMY, JOS ON THE 28TH AUGUST,2009.
INTRODUCTION
1.In developed and developing countries, the history of air pollution problem has typically been high levels of smoke and sulphur dioxide arising from
the combustion of sulphur–containing fossil fuels such as coal for domestic and industrial purpose.[i] Industrial development and the use of fossil
fuels have affected the world climate adversely. In Nigeria epileptic power supply has brought about the use of diesel and petrol powered generators
virtually in all homes
2.The transport ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was also revealed that in 1998, a single car in Nigeria emitted 29,600kg of hydrocarbons, 34,000kg of Nitrogen Oxides and 4,029 kg of different
carbonate gasses over its average lifespan.[iii]
CAUSES OF POLLUTANTS IN VEHICLE
5.Motor vehicle use is now generally recognised as the source of more air pollution than any other single activity in cities around the world. The
internal combustion engine of a vehicle produces power by burning fuel and changing the chemical energy of fuel into heat energy. The heat energy is
then converted into mechanical power. Cars and trucks do not burn all of the fuel that goes into the combustion chamber. In fact, most vehicles only
burn about 85% of the fuel and as the vehicle gets older less and less fuel is burned. It is this unburned fuel that produces some harmful products
which are discharged from the engine and become air pollutants.[iv] Therefore, an engine's fuel system, and its emission controls are closely
interrelated. That is why attention is given to the requirements of emission control in the design and operation of all parts of the fuel system in a vehicle.
EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS IN VEHICLES

6.Adverse effects to human health include; a. Reduction in the amount of oxygen that can be delivered to our body's organs and tissues, which can be
life threatening caused by particles of carbon monoxide. A mild

Air India
[pic]
CASE STUDY
ON
AIR INDIA
[pic]
OF
BUSINESS PROCES & STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Submitted To: N.P.SINGH Submitted By: Priyanka Bhardwaj(86) Anil Tiwari(98) Lovisha Sharma (76)
JAGANNATH INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT SCHOOL
KALKAJI,NEW DELHI
Air India Limited (Hindi: а¤Џа¤…а¤° а¤‡а¤‚а¤Ўа¤їа¤Їа¤ѕ) is the national flag carrier airline of India, flying a worldwide network of passenger and
cargo services. Air India is state–owned, and administered as part of the National Aviation Company of India Limited– which was created in 2007 to
facilitate Air India's merger with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Only applied to around a half of Air India's fleet, the new livery did not succeed, as the Indian flying public complained about the phasing out of the
classic colours. The new livery was dropped after two years and the old scheme was returned.
In 1993, Air India took delivery of the flagship of its fleet when the first Boeing 747–400 named Konark and registered VT–ESM made history by
operating the first non–stop flight between New York City and Delhi. In 1994 the airline was registered as Air India Ltd. In 1996, the airline
inaugurated service to its second US gateway at O'Hare International Airport in Chicago. In 1999, the airline opened its dedicated Terminal 2–C at the
newly renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in Mumbai.
In 2000, Air India introduced services to Shanghai, as well as to Los Angeles and Newark. On May 2004, Air India launched a wholly–owned low

cost airline called Air India Express. Air India Express connecting cities in India with the Middle East, Southeast Asia and the Subcontinent. Air India
expanded its international routes to include non–stop flights from Ahmedabad and also expanded its international operations from Bangalore and
Hyderabad.
On 8 March 2004, International Women's Day, the airline operated an "All Women Flight" from Mumbai to Singapore.[8] Captain Rashmi Miranda,
who became Air–India's first female Commander in November 2003 and Captain Kshmata Bajpai piloted the flight, an

The Aviation Industry Has Made Great Advances Improved...
The aviation industry has made great advances in improving flight safety. These successes have been obtained thanks to the improvements made in
aircraft designs and systems, which consequently helped in decreasing pilot error. Although they are considered one of the great successes in the
industry and safety of flight has improved significantly, however, seventy to eight percent of aircraft accidents are still caused by pilots' error, which
therefore makes it one of the most contributory factors to aircrafts' accidents. Every airplane accident has profound consequences on many ends and
is considered one of the most tragic events that can occur. Accidents deeply weigh on the minds of the family victims and they often also result in
major attention from the media and the general public. When accidents occur, the pilots are the ones who are immediately thought to have caused the
accident and are often held liable for it. In the history of aviation, several accidents were due to pilot error and the effects of regulations and legal
implications as a result of them have been several and complicated (Dismukes, 2007). The National Transportation Security Board, or NTSB, the US
government agency that is in charge of investigating and determining the causes of all accidents involving US civil aviation, is responsible to analyze
everything that lead to an accident from examining the wreckage, the aircraft design, and the aircraft's performance characteristics to evaluating

The Implementation Plan For A New Outlook From Local...
The implementation plan indicates modifications made from the original plan, to add local business owners. This modification will give a new outlook
from local business owners and benefit the community. For example, the local business owners can anticipate damages from disaster and offer insight
on the impacts during pre–disaster planning.
The implementation plan will support the community plan by; historical management, prioritizing, and community support. By looking at Arkansas
history of disaster, strategies can be developed to decrease the impacts. In the past Arkansas, the federal government has paid out disaster aid of over
one billion and 120 million dollars. By prioritizing tasks by the most important to the least important, Little Rock can better plan to cover a total of
152,000 buildings.
By implementing these factors will increase community satisfaction and promote community development; which will increase volunteers and
community support.
Implementing these strategies and procedures will increase our communities chance for survival and decrease the impacts of disasters. We need this
modification in our mitigation process within three months, since this will reduce potential lose and increase community satisfaction.
Community Profile
I live in West Little Rock, Arkansas. My community is between the Rock Creek and Summit Ridge area. My community has hospitals, office buildings,
and apartments. It also has schools, churches, and residential area with

Cogan Air Flight Fraud Investigation
Colgan air flight 3407 was a larger plane and being so needed a lot of materials to investigate the wreckage. Initially once on scene, an investigator
would need to call for as many emergency personnel as possible. This is to secure the area which was as big as a mile wide by at least a half mile
in length. During this investigators would need personal protective equipment like gloves, masks, and body suits, to protect against any hazards from
the wreck including fires and to prevent inhaling toxins. Investigators would need cameras to record the massive amount of evidence and wreckage.
Since the plane stalled and spun it went down at a fairly steep angle so the wreckage wouldn't be strewn in a large area but there is still a lot of evidence
This helps see the whole area that was affected and see if there were any skid marks or to see if surrounding areas may have debris. To help
correlate all of the information and actions occurring on site a large mobile command center would be needed or possibly multiple ones for
multiple agencies. This could be large RVs or large tents set up in the outer perimeter. While investigators are working outside information would
be needed to be obtained from places like ATC. This could be useful to find out when the last communications were and if they were encountering
an emergency. Radar information would be useful to determine a possible flight path of the plane. While weather information of the crash would
be needed since there was a possibility of icing in the area that could have caused complications. Also, check to see if there were any 911 calls from
people witnessing the plane go down. Any pilot information that is available would be beneficial to have including hours, training, and any failures
in checks. Along with records, any last communications to the pilots would need to be found to help see if the pilots were of sound mind and body
before the flight to rule out foul play. After all of this, it would be good to have any aircraft records to make sure maintenance was up to standard and
all airworthiness directives were complied

What Are Respirators Are Common Today And Household Settings
Respirators are defined by Merriam–Webster as, "a device worn over the mouth and nose to protect the respiratory tract by filtering out dangerous
substances (as dusts or fumes) from inhaled air" (Merriam–Webster). The use of respirators are common today in both industrial and household
settings. The earliest known idea for a respirator can be traced to Pliny the Elder over 1900 years ago. He suggested the use of wearing animal
bladders to protect Roman mine workers from inhaling red oxide of lead (OSHA). In 1854, John Stenhouse developed a respirator using powdered
charcoal (see Figure 1) that could be used for protection from gas. Stenhouse's respirator led to the use of activated charcoal, which is still used today
(OSHA). There ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are 5 markings required (see figure 2) by NIOSH for approved particulate filtering face–piece respirators (NIOSH, 2014);
Wet–laid process
The wet–laid process is a modified version of a process that is used to create paper. There are various methods that can be utilized based on the
needs of the finished product, production, demand, etc. The particular wet laid process that was utilized in this experiment yielded a mat that was
approximately 12"x12" with varying thickness, based on the mass of material used. One mat could be produced approximately every hour, with an
additional two hours needed for the drying of each mat. The material is mixed with a dispersal agent, flocculating agent, and a resin. The process
involved the mixing of the chemicals, along with the material. The resulting mixture is then added to the "suction box" and filled with more water. A
vacuum is then pulled by opening a valve below the suction box, resulting in a mat of the material on the mesh bottom of the suction box.
This project was a continuation of prior research conducted by Meghan Moore. She investigated how the efficiency of using activated carbon fiber
compared to traditional filtering face–piece respirators for nanoparticle aerosols. The particular activated carbon fibers used in this study were two
nonwoven activated carbon fiber felts, with a surface area of 1,000m2/g and 1,500m2/g, and two woven activated carbon fibers

Human Error: The Three Types Of Fatigue
Human Error There are also three types of fatigue: transient, cumulative and circadian. In the aviation field, fatigue can cause a pilot to fall asleep
during cruise flight, taking off and landing. Fatigue can cause fatal accidents like the Colgan Air Flight 3407. Matthew L. Wald of the New York
Times reports that Colgan Air Flight 3407 pilots were set up for fatigue. The commercial passenger jet crashed outside of Buffalo on February 2009.
According to the evidence, the first officer, Rebecca L. Shaw, pulled an all–nighter the night before the flight to get a free transcontinental flight to
work. Shaw was forced to work long nights just to get paid. Shaw's rate of pay was $23,900 a year for a minimum of 75 hours. Also, the captain, Marvin

The On A Sleepy Mind And Sleepy Body
Introduction
There is a large difference between a sleepy mind and a sleepy body, but the combination is the characteristics of a fatigued person. A fatigued person
has behavior similar to "that of drunkenness, [under] the effects of a large dose of alcohol" [1]. Many careers, which include high stress situations and
strict timelines, often deprive employees of a good rest due to their working environment. An example of such would be the life of an Airline Pilot,
where passenger safety, fast changing weather and inconvenient schedules prevent the Pilot from receiving enough rest. In a British study done in
2014, 86.1% of Pilots reported that they commenced a shift while fatigued and reported feeling "utterly drained, very slow to think and process
information" [2]. Such conditions can cause a lack of judgments and more mistakes occur, which in turn leads to accidents. Airlines and government
agencies have developed techniques and laws which aid the flight crew to operate while being well rested, resulting in reduced errors. [enter purpose
systems]
Causes and Sympoms A leading cause in fatigue in pilots is the long hours and times of commuting between flights. Especially at the entry–level flying
positions, as a result of the low pay, pilots cannot afford to live near major airports and are required to drive for a long period of time, which can
further aggravate exhaustion. Along with that, many airlines require their pilots to operate through bases which are different

How to Improve Airline Safety and Pilot Training Essay
On February 12, 2009, a Colgan Airlines flight operating as Continental Connection Flight 3407 crashed two miles from the runway in Buffalo, New
York, killing all fifty people aboard.. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation that followed stunned the American public and
identified the need to closely examine the regulations governing pilot training and pilot rest requirements, with a strong focus on regional airlines
(Berard, 2010, 2). Currently, the United States government has passed HR 5900, which was titled the Airline Safety and Federal Aviation Administration
Extension Act of 2010 and is now called Public Law 111–216 (Public Law 111–126, 2010, 3). The bill targets five focal points that will force the
Federal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason that this came about was the captain of the Colgan accident flight in Buffalo, New York had failed five checkrides in his life time. This
would not normally be a big deal, but he failed his checkrides because he was not satisfactory in icing procedures...one of the major causes of the
accident according to the NTSB.
Implementation of NTSB Flight Crewmember Training Recommendations The National Traffic Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent United States
government investigative agency responsible for civil transportation accident investigation. The NTSB investigates all aviation accidents and incidents.
On an annual basis, this bill requires that the FAA accepts all NTSB flight crewmember training recommendations that come up over the past year
(Hughes, 2010). For example, the NTSB has requested that the FAA include flight in icing conditions into all flight training curriculums.
FAA Rulemaking on Training Programs Prior to this bill, the FAA had no say in what airlines included in their training programs as long as the
program included certain subjects. No later than fourteen months after the date the bill is signed into law, the FAA will issue a final rule on all training
programs (House Transportation Subcommittee, 2010). This was brought into effect because Colgan Airlines did not include flight into icing
conditions in their flight

U.S. Airways Flight 1549 Accident Essay
U.S. Airways Flight 1549 Accident: Flight Accident: The above mentioned airplane was a planned commercial passenger flight that took off from
LaGuardia Airport, New York destined for Charlotte Douglas Airport in North Carolina on January 15, 2009. Six minutes after takeoff, the airplane
was successfully abandoned in Hudson River after striking multiple birds during its initial climb out. The crew reported by radio two minutes after
takeoff at an altitude of 3,200 feet, the Airbus experienced multiple bird strikes. The result of this multiple bird strikes, which occurred in northeast of
George Washington Bridge was compressor stalls as well as loss of thrust in both engines. The Airbus was ditched in Hudson River after the aircrew...
After successfully ditching the plane in mid–river, the aircrew began to evacuate the 150 passengers immediately. While some passengers were
evacuated through the four mid–cabin emergency window exits, others were evacuated through the front right passenger door. The rescue efforts
involving local ferries and tugs began almost immediately with some passengers standing on the wings of the floating plane while others entered life
rafts. In addition to these local ferries and tugs, police helicopters, rescue divers and Coast Guard vessels among others joined the rescue efforts.
Notably, other organizations provided about thirty other ambulances including various hospital–based ambulances. Medical help was also provided by
various agencies on the Weehawken side of the river. These rescue and recovery efforts led to the safe evacuation of all the passengers as well as the
flight crew. While seventy–eight people were treated for minor injuries and hypothermia, the two broken legs of one woman, a fight attendant, was the
only major injury. While some patients were treated in triage facilities, about twenty–four passengers and two rescue personnel were cared for in
hospitals. The aftermath of the accident led to the plane being anchored to a pier near the World Financial Center in order to stop it from floating out

Cross Functional Pilot Work Groups
Results in Brief: AVP Road Shows are cross
–functional pilot work groups consisting of individuals with expertise in various topics that will conduct
presentations at local FAA facilities, for the purposes of information sharing and relationship building. Benefit or Need: The road show concept is not
new to this organization. Although many believe the road show would be greatly beneficial, budget restraints have been cited as the reason for delayed
implementation. However, the value in pursuing the road show is that AVP has the ability to play a powerful hands
–on role in bridging the gap
between headquarters and other FAA facilities. Some local facilities have expressed interest in these presentations; however, any road show... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dependent upon the target audience, topics could include (1) An Overview of Aviation Safety, (2) Accident Investigation Processes and Procedures,
and (3) Accident Investigation and Prevention Data. Bridge the Gap with Program Office (PO) Focal Points: Results in Brief: Through shadowing
opportunities and frequent opportunities to engage with colleagues over working lunch meetings, AVP promotes information sharing and a higher level
of collaboration within AVS. Benefit or Need: Based upon my experience of shadowing AVP
–1 during the AVS Management meeting and in the FAA
mentorship program, I can attest to the benefits that shadowing offers employees. Opening this opportunity to employees who are interested in learning
more about our division promotes an environment of learning throughout the office. Likewise, more frequent meetings with PO focal points enhance
communication flow and relationship building. Blueprint: Establishing a regular communication method to promote employee shadowing
opportunities is a great way to promote free educational training and advance information sharing in the office. These types of opportunities would be
distributed via email once or twice a month. Likewise, optional quarterly brown bags in the form of working lunch meetings are a great way to
connect branches and designated PO focal points. A method would be established to create open communication flow between offices in order to
accomplish

Str 581 Week 4
Alaskan Airlines – Strategic Choice and Evaluation
Recognizing an organization's alternatives for growth is an important process for companies. By evaluating and selecting the competitive advantages
within a market a company can distinguish themselves from their competition. For an organization the "grand strategies indicate the time period over
which long–range objectives are to be achieved. Thus, a grand strategy can be defined as a comprehensive general approach that guides a firm's major
actions" (Pearce & Robinson, 2011). Alaskan Airlines is a company that is known for their innovations and leadership within in the aviation industry.
Alaskan Airlines is easily identifiable because of the smiling Eskimo on the tail of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Alaska Airlines was the first airlines to use Internet technologies to enhance the customer service experience through their online check–in and ability
to print boarding passes. The grand strategy is delivered through a final marketing strategy; Alaskan Airlines currently services over 60 cities and three
countries, has a pro–active program in place to reduce emissions from jet engines, an extensive recycling program at facilities and is developing
/using technologies to fly more economical routes. Recently Colgan Air decided not fly offer service from Presque to Logan International, PenAir a
partner of Alaskan Air decided to provide the service at a $115 round trip. This gives Alaskan Airlines the ability to provide customers with outstanding
service while becoming a better global citizen.
Recommendation
Alaskan Airlines, through the leadership of Brad Tilden, has been able to provide renowned customer service within in the industry and has been a
leader in the innovation of technologies that can be used for the betterment of the aviation industry. The recommendation is to follow the current
business model of customer service to preserve the customer positive customer experience. Alaskan Airlines should also focus on the environmental
portion of the aviation industry by using more Green practices such and wind farms, more robust

Central and Eastern Europe Environmental Issues
Abstract Eastern Europe's environmental problems are not as simple as they may seem on the surface. The environmental problems that face Eastern
Europe are complicated by political, economic, and social implications. The current environmental problems are a bi–product of rapid industrial
expansion under a socialist government. The soviet government was more concerned with surpassing the western cultures in technology and military
might than the environmental damage they were doing to their country. The following paragraphs will address the current environmental problems
facing Eastern Europe, the various solutions to the environmental problems, and the efforts taken to correct the environmental problems.
Environmental Problems in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The good news is that there are viable solutions to the environmental problems that the Eastern Europe countries are having.
Viable Environmental SolutionsThe environmental problems that face Central and Eastern Europe are much the same as any other country in the
world with one exception, the proximity of the environmental hazards. Most countries in the world deal with environmental hazards, but the hazards
are spread out over different parts of the country. Central and Eastern Europe are unique when it comes to environmental disasters because Central and
Eastern Europe was the industrial might behind the soviet military. For every environmental disaster Central and Eastern Europe faces, there is a viable
solution thanks to modern technology and proven environmental regulations.
Possible environmental solutions Because of the vast environmental disasters throughout Central and Eastern Europe there are several possible
environmental solutions. The possible environmental solutions that Central and Eastern Europe are considering will be decided by the cost of the
solution, ease of implementation, and consultation from environmental agencies such as the United States Environmental Agency. Even with the
various economic, governmental agency communication problems, and various ecological disasters Central and Eastern Europe have a number of
viable solutions.
Air Pollution Solutions One of the

Westjet Is A Calgary Based Discount Airline
WestJet Airlines is a Calgary–based discount airline founded in 1996 by Clive Beddoe, Don Bell, Mark Hill and Tim Morgan. WestJet Airline began
its business with only three aircrafts. The company is now "Canada's leading high–value, low–fare airline." WestJet established their company based on
two main factors; low–cost structure and exceptional customer service. The airline's founders believe that in order to be able to offer fares that are 50%
lower than the average for industry you need to keep your operational costs low. The way that WestJet has managed to maintain its low costs was
through an exceptional organizational culture which gives authority and acknowledges employees through the decision process. "It is the culture that ...
There is not a necessity to hire supervisors because employees supervise themselves and work together towards achieving the company's goals.
WestJet's culture it is the key that has helped earned their place as one of the most successful airlines, their culture led them to success. Based on the
success of the company, WestJet came to a decision to expand its market. However, the extension of the market may put at risk the culture of the
company due to the increase of performance and by exceeding goals of customer satisfaction. This is the foremost problem that WestJet might face.
In view of the fact that culture is what made the company successful, with it being misplaced, it would be difficult for WestJet to accomplish their
purpose – customer satisfaction. The involvement culture of WestJet helped it in achieving high employee performance, increasing revenue, and
escalating customer service satisfaction. WestJet's culture is based on trust and respect among all. If anything interferes the structure of which the
company's was first developed it will in fact result in tragic failure. Every role in a company is essential for the stability and the overall performance
of the company. Perhaps, in order to understand how the culture of the WestJet can be affected is by having a better understanding on WestJet's culture.
One of the highlights of the culture of the company is its strengths. The culture is very democratic and employees feel valued. The CEO has

Colgan Air And Continental Connection Flight 3407 Air Crash
Broward Community College Colgan air/Continental Connection Flight 3407 Air Crash Hugo M. Minaya ASC 2320 Aviation Law Professor Mike
Nonnemacher 5 August 2013 Hugo M. Minaya ASC 2320 Aviation Law Professor Mike Nonnemacher November 25, 2016 Colgan air/Continental
Connection Flight 3407 Air Crash One of the most controversial and important air crash linked to human error of the modern world happened on the
night of February 12, 2009. Colgan air flight 3407, operated by Continental Connection, was on final approach to runway 23 at Buffalo–Niagara
International Airport as it disappeared from radar. The aircraft was a Bombardier Dash 8, a popular twin engine medium range turboprop Airliner
used by many regional carriers. The aircraft entered an uncontrollable stall crashing into to a neighborhood 5 miles northeast of the airport killing all
everyone on souls on board. The Captain, Marvin Resnlow and first officer Rebecca Lynne were behind the controls the night of the accident. The
NTSB report determined error by both pilots cause the aircraft to crash. Thus, pilot fatigues, improper recovery form a stall were contributing factors.
The victim's family members pushed for congress to overhaul airline regulations. The NTBS investigation delivery multiple findings that eventually led
to a modernization of airline operations and pilot training. The NTSB concluded both pilots were suffering from sleep deprivation and fatigue and
eventually led to make errors during

Benefits Of A Fatigue Management Program Essay

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